Editing Darmstadt (section)

=== Industrial age ===
[[File:Luisenplatz Darmstadt 1909.jpg|thumb|Darmstadt in 1909]]

The city's population grew during the 19th century, from a little over 10,000, to 72,000 inhabitants.<ref name="darmstadt-history">{{cite web
| publisher = (from the official city website)
| title = Population growth in Darmstadt
| url = http://www.darmstadt.de/en/history/index.html
| access-date = 15 January 2019
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090808205806/http://www.darmstadt.de/en/history/index.html
| archive-date = 8 August 2009
| url-status = dead
}}</ref> A polytechnical school, which later became a Technical University now known as [[Darmstadt University of Technology|TU Darmstadt]], was established in 1877.<ref name="tu-darmstadt">{{cite web
| publisher = TU Darmstadt
| title = Establishment of TU Darmstadt (in German)
| url = http://www.tu-darmstadt.de/universitaet/profil_1/identitaet/index.de.jsp
| access-date = 3 March 2009
| archive-date = 3 April 2012
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120403080335/http://www.tu-darmstadt.de/universitaet/profil_1/identitaet/index.de.jsp
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>

In the early 20th century, Darmstadt was an important centre for the art movement of [[Jugendstil]], the German variant of [[Art Nouveau]].<ref name="AKTUELLES_5">{{cite web | title=Jugendstil | website=Darmstadt Stadtlexikon | url=https://www.darmstadt-stadtlexikon.de/j/jugendstil.html | language=de | access-date=2023-02-01 | archive-date=1 February 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201161013/https://www.darmstadt-stadtlexikon.de/j/jugendstil.html | url-status=live }}</ref> Also during this period, in 1912 the chemist [[Anton Kollisch]], working for the pharmaceutical company [[Merck KGaA|Merck]], first synthesised the chemical [[MDMA]] (ecstasy) in Darmstadt.<ref name="dw.com 2006">{{cite web | title=Merck Digs Up Truth About Role in the Birth of Ecstasy | website=Deutsche Welle | date=18 August 2006 | url=https://www.dw.com/en/merck-digs-up-truth-about-role-in-the-birth-of-ecstasy/a-2140190 | access-date=1 February 2023 | archive-date=1 February 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201161853/https://www.dw.com/en/merck-digs-up-truth-about-role-in-the-birth-of-ecstasy/a-2140190 | url-status=live }}</ref> Darmstadt's municipal area was extended in 1937 to include the neighbouring localities of Arheilgen<ref name="ARHEILGEN.de">{{cite web | title=Geschichte | website=ARHEILGEN.de | url=https://www.arheilgen.de/geschichte-wappen.html | language=de | access-date=1 February 2023 | archive-date=1 February 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201162522/https://www.arheilgen.de/geschichte-wappen.html | url-status=live }}</ref> and Eberstadt,<ref name="Darmstadt_2">{{cite web | title=Eberstadt: Darmstadt | website=Home | url=https://www.darmstadt.de/standort/stadtportraet/stadtteile/eberstadt | language=de | access-date=1 February 2023 | archive-date=1 February 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201162537/https://www.darmstadt.de/standort/stadtportraet/stadtteile/eberstadt | url-status=live }}</ref> and in 1938 the city was separated administratively from the surrounding district (''Kreis'').<ref name="Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS)">{{cite web | title=Historisches Ortslexikon : Landkreise A–Z : LAGIS Hessen | website=Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS) | url=https://www.lagis-hessen.de/de/subjects/browse/district/411/sn/ol | language=de | access-date=1 February 2023 | archive-date=19 August 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240819061504/https://www.lagis-hessen.de/de/subjects/browse/district/411/sn/ol | url-status=live }}</ref>