Editing Conservatism (section)

=== Hierarchy===
In contrast to the tradition-based definition of conservatism, some left-wing political theorists like [[Corey Robin]] define conservatism primarily in terms of a general defense of [[Social inequality|social]] and [[economic inequality]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Robin |first=Corey |date=January 8, 2012 |title=The Conservative Reaction |newspaper=The Chronicle of Higher Education |url=http://www.chronicle.com/article/The-Conservative-Mind/130199/ |access-date=December 23, 2016}}</ref> From this perspective, conservatism is less an attempt to uphold old institutions and more "a meditation on—and theoretical rendition of—the felt experience of having power, seeing it threatened, and trying to win it back".<ref>{{cite journal |author-last=Finseraas |author-first=Henning |title=What if Robin Hood is a social conservative? : How the political response to increasing inequality depends on party polarization |journal=Socio-Economic Review |volume=8 |issue=2 |year=2010 |pages=283–306 |doi=10.1093/ser/mwp012 |issn=1475-1461}}</ref> On another occasion, Robin argues for a more complex relation:

{{blockquote|Conservatism is a defense of established hierarchies, but it is also fearful of those established hierarchies. It sees in their assuredness of power the source of corruption, decadence and decline. Ruling regimes require some kind of irritant, a grain of sand in the oyster, to reactivate their latent powers, to exercise their atrophied muscles, to make their pearls.<ref>{{cite news |last=Farrell |first=Henry |date=February 1, 2018 |title=Trump is a typical conservative |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2018/02/01/trump-is-a-typical-conservative-that-says-a-lot-about-the-conservative-tradition/ |access-date=August 29, 2023}}</ref>}}

In ''[[Conservatism: A Rediscovery]]'' (2022), political philosopher [[Yoram Hazony]] argues that, in a traditional conservative community, members have importance and influence to the degree they are [[honor]]ed within the social hierarchy, which includes factors such as age, experience, and wisdom.<ref>{{cite book |author-last=Hazony |author-first=Yoram |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Uhx1EAAAQBAJ |title=Conservatism: A Rediscovery |publisher=Swift |year=2022 |pages=125–133 |isbn=9781800752344}}</ref> Conservatives often glorify hierarchies, as demonstrated in an aphorism by conservative philosopher [[Nicolás Gómez Dávila]]: "Hierarchies are celestial. In hell all are equal."<ref>{{cite web |title=Escolios a un Texto Implicito |author-last=Gómez Dávila |author-first=Nicolás |year=2004 |orig-date=1977 |url=http://mgilleland.com/ngd.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061117093720/http://mgilleland.com/ngd.htm |archive-date=November 17, 2006}}</ref> The word hierarchy has religious roots and translates to 'rule of a high priest.'<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/hierarchy |website=Online Etymology Dictionary |title=hierarchy}}</ref>