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=== Permanent Fund Dividend implementation in Alaska === The U.S. state of [[Alaska]] dispenses a form of citizen's dividend in its [[Permanent Fund Dividend|Permanent Fund dividend]], which holds investments initially seeded by the state's revenue from mineral resources, particularly [[petroleum]]. In 2005, every eligible Alaskan resident (including children) received a check for $845.76. Over the 24-year history of the fund, it has paid out a total of $24,775.45 to every resident.<ref>{{cite web|title=THE PERMANENT FUND DIVIDEND|url=http://www.apfc.org/home/Content/dividend/dividend.cfm|publisher=Alaska Permanent Fund|access-date=12 December 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117184423/http://www.apfc.org/home/Content/dividend/dividend.cfm|archive-date=17 January 2013}}</ref> Some believe this dividend as the reason why Alaska has one of the lowest rates of inequality and relatively low levels of poverty compared to other US states.<ref name=peoplesvoice/>{{dubious|date=October 2016}}<!-- It seems unlikely that this is due to the small amount distributed by the fund, compared to the large inequality created by tech and media industries in other states which are less dominant in Alaska. More sources are needed. --> A 2018 paper found that the Alaska Permanent Fund "dividend had no effect on employment, and increased part-time work by 1.8 percentage points (17 percent)... our results suggest that a universal and permanent cash transfer does not significantly decrease aggregate employment."<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Jones|first1=Damon|last2=Marinescu|first2=Ioana|date=February 2018|title=The Labor Market Impacts of Universal and Permanent Cash Transfers: Evidence from the Alaska Permanent Fund|journal=NBER Working Paper No. 24312|doi=10.3386/w24312|url=http://humcap.uchicago.edu/RePEc/hka/wpaper/Jones_Marinescu_2019_labor-market-impacts-universal-transfers.pdf|access-date=24 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191019205544/http://humcap.uchicago.edu/RePEc/hka/wpaper/Jones_Marinescu_2019_labor-market-impacts-universal-transfers.pdf|archive-date=19 October 2019|url-status=live|doi-access=free}}</ref>
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