Editing Church of the Holy Sepulchre (section)

===Background (1st–4th centuries)===
After the [[Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)|siege of Jerusalem]] in AD 70 during the [[First Jewish–Roman War]], Jerusalem had been reduced to ruins. In AD&nbsp;130, the Roman emperor [[Hadrian]] began the building of a Roman colony, the new city of {{lang|la|[[Aelia Capitolina]]}}, on the site. About AD&nbsp;135, he ordered that a cave containing a [[Rock-cut tombs in ancient Israel|rock-cut tomb]]{{efn|Some Christian scholars have argued that this may have already been a site of veneration for the tomb of Jesus.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Murphy-O'Connor |first=Jerome |author-link=Jerome Murphy-O'Connor |title=The Argument for the Holy Sepulchre |journal=[[Revue Biblique]] |date=2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Taylor |first=Joan E. |author-link=Joan E. Taylor |title=Golgotha: A Reconsideration of the Evidence for the Sites of Jesus' Crucifixion and Burial |journal=[[New Testament Studies]] |date=1998|volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=180–203 |doi=10.1017/S0028688500016465 |s2cid=170536292 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Allison |first=Dale |author-link=Dale Allison |title=The Resurrection of Jesus |publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing|Bloomsbury]] |date=2021 |page=142}}</ref> [[Joan E. Taylor]] posits that the tomb's location could have been preserved by the local [[collective memory]] of Jesus's followers.<ref name=secret/>}} be filled in to make a flat foundation for a temple dedicated to [[Jupiter (mythology)|Jupiter]] or [[Venus (mythology)|Venus]].<ref name=sacred/><ref name=paul>{{cite book| last=Stephenson| first=Paul| title=Constantine: Roman Emperor, Christian Victor| publisher=The Overlook Press| year=2010| isbn=978-1-46830-300-1| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RTsjCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT206| page=206| access-date=27 November 2018| archive-date=1 August 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801145932/https://books.google.com/books?id=RTsjCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT206| url-status=live}}</ref> [[Temple of Venus (Aelia Capitolina)|The temple]] remained until the early fourth century.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-jerusalem-temple-mount-threshing-floor.htm| title=The Temple in Jerusalem over the threshing floor which is presently under the Al Kas fountain| website=Bible.ca| last=Rudd| first=Steve| access-date=29 November 2018| archive-date=20 May 2022| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520042859/https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-jerusalem-temple-mount-threshing-floor.htm| url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Corbo">{{cite book| first=Virgilio| last=Corbo| trans-title=The Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem| year=1981| title=Il Santo Sepolcro di Gerusalemme| publisher=Franciscan Press| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wYFtAAAAMAAJ| language=it| pages=34–36| access-date=14 September 2020| archive-date=10 March 2024| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240310112145/https://books.google.com/books?id=wYFtAAAAMAAJ| url-status=live}}</ref>