Editing Chesapeake Bay (section)

===Geology and formation===
[[File:Chesapeake Crater boundaries map.png|thumb|Boundaries of the [[Chesapeake Bay impact crater]].]]
The Chesapeake Bay is an [[estuary]] to the North Atlantic, lying between the [[Delmarva Peninsula]] to the east and the North American mainland to the west. It is the ''[[ria]]'', or drowned valley, of the [[Susquehanna River]], meaning that it was the alluvial plain where the river flowed when the sea level was lower. It is not a ''[[fjord]]'', because the [[Laurentide Ice Sheet]] never reached as far south as the northernmost point on the bay. North of [[Baltimore]], the western shore borders the hilly [[Piedmont (United States)|Piedmont]] region of Maryland; south of the city the bay lies within the state's low-lying [[Atlantic coastal plain|coastal plain]], with sedimentary cliffs to the west, and flat islands, winding creeks and marshes to the east. The large rivers entering the bay from the west have broad mouths and are extensions of the main ria for miles up the course of each river.

The bay's geology, its present form, and its very location were created by a [[bolide]] [[impact event]] at the end of the [[Eocene]] (about 35.5 million years ago), forming the [[Chesapeake Bay impact crater]] and much later the Susquehanna River valley. The bay was formed starting about 10,000 years ago when rising sea levels at the end of the last ice age flooded the Susquehanna River valley.<ref name="fs102-98"/> Parts of the bay, especially the [[Calvert County, Maryland]], coastline, are lined by cliffs composed of deposits from receding waters millions of years ago. These cliffs, generally known as [[Calvert Cliffs State Park|Calvert Cliffs]], are famous for their [[fossil]]s, especially fossilized shark teeth, which are commonly found washed up on the beaches next to the cliffs. [[Scientists' Cliffs]] is a beach community in Calvert County named for the desire to create a retreat for scientists when the community was founded in 1935.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scientistscliffs.org/HTML/FAQs/FAQs.htm |title=FAQ |publisher=Scientists Cliffs community |access-date=2008-05-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090107050207/http://www.scientistscliffs.org/HTML/FAQs/FAQs.htm |archive-date=January 7, 2009 }}</ref>