Editing Charles IX of Sweden (section)

==King==
[[File:Karl IX, 1550-1611, konung av Sverige - Nationalmuseum - 15072.tif|thumb|150px|Painting from the [[Nationalmuseum]]]]
[[File:Nils Holgersson band 2-Karl IXs sängkammare å Gripsholm.jpg|thumb|150px|Charles in [[Gripsholm Castle]]]]
Finally, the Riksdag at Linköping, 24 February 1604 declared that Sigismund abdicated the Swedish throne, that duke Charles was recognized as the sovereign. He was declared king as '''Karl IX''' (anglicized as Charles IX). Charles's short reign was one of uninterrupted warfare. The hostility of Poland and the breakup of [[Russia]] involved him in overseas contests for the possession of [[Duchy of Livonia (1629–1721)|Livonia]] and [[Duchy of Ingria|Ingria]], the [[Polish–Swedish War (1600–1611)]] and the [[Ingrian War]]. In the final year of his reign, his claims to all of [[Lappmarken|Lapland]] west of the [[Varangerfjord]] and extending to the [[Arctic Ocean]] led to the [[Kalmar War]] with [[Denmark-Norway]].{{sfn|Bain|1911}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nuorteva |first=Jussi |date=23 June 2000 |title=Kaarle IX (1550 - 1611) |url=https://biografiasampo.fi/henkilo/p183 |access-date=2025-04-04 |website=Biografiasampo}}</ref>

In all these struggles, he was more or less unsuccessful, owing partly to the fact that he and his forces had to oppose superior generals (e.g. [[Jan Karol Chodkiewicz]] and [[Christian IV of Denmark]]) and partly to sheer ill-luck. Compared with his foreign policy, the domestic policy of Charles IX was comparatively unimportant. It aimed at confirming and supplementing what had already been done during his regency. He did not officially become king until 22 March 1604. The first deed in which the title appears is dated 20 March 1604; but he was not crowned until 15 March 1607.{{sfn|Bain|1911}}

{{gallery
|mode=packed
|height=160
|File:Regalier - Livrustkammaren - 4894.tif|Charles IX's and Queen Christina's funeral [[Regalia of Sweden|regalia]] once stolen and then found in a rubbish bin<ref name="bbc1">{{cite news |title=Swedish crown jewels: Speedboat thieves steal priceless treasures |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-45028732 |access-date=10 June 2020 |work=BBC |date=1 August 2018}}</ref><ref name="nbcnews">{{cite news |last1=Smith |first1=Saphora |last2=Radnofsky |first2=Caroline |title=Sweden's stolen crown jewels have 'likely' been found, police say |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/sweden-s-stolen-crown-jewels-have-likely-been-found-police-n966966 |access-date=10 June 2020 |work=NBC News |date=5 February 2019}}</ref><ref name="thelocal">{{cite news |title=Police confirm: Sweden's stolen crown jewels have been found |url=https://www.thelocal.se/20190211/police-confirm-swedens-stolen-crown-jewels-found-strangnas-royal |access-date=10 June 2020 |work=The Local |date=11 February 2019}}</ref><ref name="bbc2">{{cite news |title=Swede jailed for stealing crown jewels in broad daylight |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-47335737 |access-date=10 June 2020 |work=BBC |date=22 February 2019}}</ref>
|File:Lm dig14072.jpg|{{ill|Crowning ring|sv|Sveriges riksregalier#Kröningsringen}}
|File:Raha; markka - ANT3-396 (musketti.M012-ANT3-396 1).jpg|Coin from 1607 depicting Charles IX with the royal [[Globus cruciger|orb]] and [[scepter]]
|File:Raha; 8 markkaa - ANT3-364 (musketti.M012-ANT3-364 1).jpg|Coin from 1608, with a sword and a shield
|File:King Karl IX's Bedchamber at Gripsholm (Emma Sparre) - Nationalmuseum - 21731.tif|Charles IX's bedchamber at Gripsholm <small>(Painting by {{ill|Emma Sparre|sv}}, 1884)</small>
|File:Gold coin of Carl IX of Sweden 1608 (front).jpg|Gold coin from 1608
|File:Karl IX x Ruprecht Miller.jpg|Medal of him by {{ill|Ruprecht Miller|sv}}, 1609
|File:Karl IX;s söner x Ruprecht Miller.jpg|The reverse side depicting his sons [[Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden|Gustav Adolf]] and [[Charles Philip, Duke of Södermanland|Charles Philip]]
}}