Editing Chalk (section)

==Geology and geographic distribution==
[[File:Chalk ("Upper Chalk" Formation, Upper Cretaceous; White Cliffs of Dover, England, southern Britain).jpg|thumb|Chalk from the White Cliffs of Dover, England]]
Chalk is so common in Cretaceous marine beds that the [[Cretaceous]] [[Period (geology)|Period]] was named for these deposits. The name Cretaceous was derived from [[Latin]] ''creta'', meaning ''chalk''.<ref>{{cite book|title=Glossary of Geology|publisher=American Geological Institute|edition=3rd|page= 165|year=1972|location=Washington, D.C.}}</ref> Some deposits of chalk were formed after the Cretaceous.<ref name="Mesaoria2018"/>

The [[Chalk Group]] is a [[Europe]]an stratigraphic unit deposited during the late [[Cretaceous]] Period. It forms the famous [[White Cliffs of Dover]] in [[Kent]], England, as well as their counterparts of the [[Cap Blanc Nez]] on the other side of the [[Dover Strait]]. The [[Champagne region]] of France is mostly underlain by chalk deposits, which contain artificial caves used for [[wine storage]].<ref name="hancock-1975"/> Some of the highest chalk cliffs in the world occur at [[Jasmund National Park]] in [[Germany]] and at [[Møns Klint]] in [[Denmark]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Prothero |first1=Donald R. |title=The Story of the Earth in 25 Rocks: Tales of Important Geological Puzzles and the People Who Solved Them |date=9 July 2018 |doi=10.7312/prot18260-021}}</ref>

Chalk deposits are also found in Cretaceous beds on other continents, such as the [[Austin Chalk]],<ref name="austin-chalk"/> [[Selma Group]],<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Stephenson |first1=Lloyd W. |last2=Monroe |first2=Watson H. |title=Stratigraphy of Upper Cretaceous Series in Mississippi and Alabama |journal=AAPG Bulletin |date=1938 |volume=22 |doi=10.1306/3D933022-16B1-11D7-8645000102C1865D}}</ref> and [[Niobrara Formation]]s of the North American interior.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Longman |first1=M.W. |last2=Luneau |first2=B.A. |last3=Landon |first3=S.M. |author-link3=Susan M. Landon |year=1998 |title=Nature and distribution of Niobrara lithologies in the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway of the Rocky Mountain region |url=https://archives.datapages.com/data/rmag/mg/1998/longman.htm |journal=The Mountain Geologist |accessdate=28 April 2021}}</ref> Chalk is also found in western Egypt (Khoman Formation)<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tewksbury |first1=B. J. |last2=Hogan |first2=J. P. |last3=Kattenhorn |first3=S. A. |last4=Mehrtens |first4=C. J. |last5=Tarabees |first5=E. A. |title=Polygonal faults in chalk: Insights from extensive exposures of the Khoman Formation, Western Desert, Egypt |journal=Geology |date=1 June 2014 |volume=42 |issue=6 |pages=479–482 |doi=10.1130/G35362.1|bibcode=2014Geo....42..479T }}</ref> and western Australia ([[Miria Formation]]).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Henderson |first1=Robert A. |last2=McNAMARA |first2=Kenneth J. |title=Taphonomy and ichnology of cephalopod shells in a Maastrichtian chalk from Western Australia |journal=Lethaia |date=October 1985 |volume=18 |issue=4 |pages=305–322 |doi=10.1111/j.1502-3931.1985.tb00710.x|bibcode=1985Letha..18..305H }}</ref>

Chalk of [[Oligocene]] to [[Neogene]] age has been found in [[Core sample|drill core]]s of rock under the Pacific Ocean at Stewart Arch in the [[Solomon Islands]].<ref name="ODP2001">{{cite web | url=http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/prelim/192_prel/192PREL.PDF | title=Ocean Drilling Program Leg 192 Preliminary Report: Basement drilling of the Ontong Java Plateau | publisher=Ocean Drilling Program and Texas A&M University | work=Ocean Drilling Program Preliminary Report 92 | date=2001 | accessdate=15 February 2023 | author=Shipboard Scientific Party}}</ref>

There are layers of chalk, containing ''[[Globorotalia]]'', in the Nicosia Formation of [[Cyprus]], which formed during the [[Pliocene]].<ref name="Mesaoria2018">{{cite journal | title=Pliocene–Pleistocene sedimentary–tectonic development of the Mesaoria (Mesarya) Basin in an incipient, diachronous collisional setting: facies evidence from the north of Cyprus | first1=R.N. | last1=Palamakumbura | first2=A.H.F. | last2=Robertson | journal=Geological Magazine | year=2018 | volume=155 | issue=5 | pages=997–1022 | doi=10.1017/S0016756816001072| bibcode=2018GeoM..155..997P | s2cid=16436977 | url=https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/6cbc4cf8-ad50-4cf7-a6c5-05cd2570933c }}</ref>