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===Middle Ages=== Chaeronea remained inhabited throughout Antiquity, and despite being devastated during the [[551 Malian Gulf earthquake]], probably remained in existence during the following centuries as well, as it is consistently attested among the cities of the [[Theme of Hellas]].<ref name="TIB">{{Tabula Imperii Byzantini|volume=1|page=138}}</ref> Remains of a three-aisled early Christian basilica, dedicated to [[Paraskevi of Rome|Saint Paraskevi]], survive.<ref name="TIB"/> After the [[Fourth Crusade]] and the foundation of the Crusader [[Duchy of Athens]], a castle was built in the town, on the site of the ancient acropolis. This was part of an extensive defensive network along the Cephissus valley built by the [[Frankokratia|Frankish]] Crusaders, and residence of its lord.<ref name="TIB"/> In Frankish times, the town became known as '''Kapraina''' ({{langx|el|Κάπραινα}}, {{langx|es|la Cabrena}}), a name first attested in 1381 and used until early modern times.<ref name="TIB"/> The town came under [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] rule probably in 1460.<ref name="TIB"/>
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