Editing Cedric Hardwicke (section)

==Career==
===Stage===
[[File:The-Amazing-Dr-Clitterhouse-Stage-1937.jpg|thumb|Hardwicke in the 1937 Broadway production of ''[[The Amazing Dr. Clitterhouse (play)|The Amazing Dr. Clitterhouse]]'']]

Hardwicke made his first appearance on stage at the [[Lyceum Theatre, London|Lyceum Theatre]], London in 1912 during the run of Frederick Melville's melodrama ''The Monk and the Woman'', when he took over the part of Brother John.<ref name=who/> During this year, he was at [[Her Majesty's Theatre]] understudying, and subsequently appeared at the [[Garrick Theatre]] in Charles Klein's play ''Find the Woman'', and ''[[Trust the People]]''.<ref name=who/> In 1913, he joined [[Frank Benson (actor)|Benson's Company]] and toured in the provinces, South Africa, and Rhodesia.<ref name=who/> During 1914 he toured with Miss Darragh (Letitia Marion Dallas, d. 1917) in Laurence Irving's play ''The Unwritten Law'', and he appeared at the [[Old Vic]] in 1914 as Malcolm in ''[[Macbeth]]'', Tranio in ''[[The Taming of the Shrew]]'', the gravedigger in ''[[Hamlet]]'', and other roles.<ref name=who/>

After serving in the British Army in WWI, he resumed his acting career. In January 1922, he joined the [[Birmingham Repertory Theatre|Birmingham Repertory Company]], playing a range of parts from the drooping young lover Faulkland in ''[[The Rivals]]'' to the roistering Sir Toby Belch in ''[[Twelfth Night]]''.<ref name=who/>

He played many classical roles on stage, appearing at London's top theatres, making his name on the stage performing works by [[George Bernard Shaw]], who said that Hardwicke was his fifth favourite actor after the four [[Marx Brothers]]. As one of the leading Shavian actors of his generation, Hardwicke starred in ''[[Caesar and Cleopatra (play)|Caesar and Cleopatra]]'', ''[[Pygmalion (play)|Pygmalion]]'', ''[[The Apple Cart]]'', ''[[Candida (play)|Candida]]'', ''Too True to Be Good'', and ''[[Man and Superman|Don Juan in Hell]]'', making such an impression that at the age of 41 he became the youngest actor to be [[Knight Bachelor|knighted]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Blum |first=Daniel |title=Daniel Blum's Screen World |year=1966 |publisher=Biblo-Moser |isbn=0819603066 |pages=220 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EQrtw8lzEg8C&dq=%22youngest+actor+ever++to+be+knighted%22&pg=PA220}}</ref> (this occurred in the 1934 New Year's Honours; [[Laurence Olivier]] subsequently took the record in 1947 when he was knighted at the age of 40). Other stage successes included ''[[The Amazing Dr. Clitterhouse (play)|The Amazing Dr. Clitterhouse]]'', ''[[Antigone (Anouilh)|Antigone]]'' and ''[[A Majority of One]]'', winning a [[Tony Award]] nomination for his performance as a Japanese diplomat.<ref name="ibdb"/>

In 1928, whilst appearing with [[Edith Day]], [[Paul Robeson]] and [[Alberta Hunter]] in the London production of ''[[Show Boat]]'', he married actress Helena Pickard.<ref name="times"/>

In December 1935, Hardwicke was elected Rede Lecturer to [[Cambridge University]] for 1936, he took as his subject "The Drama Tomorrow".<ref name=dnb>W. A. Darlington, W. A. [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/33704Hardwicke profile], rev. K.D. Reynolds, ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004; online edition, January 2008, accessed 20 March 2013 {{ODNBsub}}<!-- ISBN needed --></ref> In the late 1930s, he moved to the U.S., initially for film work. In the early 1940s, he continued his stage career on tours and in New York.<ref name=dnb/>

In 1944, Hardwicke returned to Britain, again touring, and reappeared on the London stage, at the [[Westminster Theatre]], on 29 March 1945, as Richard Varwell in a revival of [[Eden Phillpotts|Eden]] and [[Adelaide Phillpotts]]' comedy ''[[Yellow Sands (play)|Yellow Sands]]'', and subsequently toured in this on the continent. He returned to America late in 1945 and appeared with [[Ethel Barrymore]] in December in a revival of Shaw's ''[[Pygmalion (play)|Pygmalion]]'', and continued on the New York stage the following year. In 1946, he starred opposite [[Katharine Cornell]] as King Creon in her production of [[Jean Anouilh]]'s adaptation of the Greek tragedy ''Antigone''.<ref name="ibdb"/><ref>Mosel, "Leading Lady: The World and Theatre of Katharine Cornell"</ref>

In 1948, he joined the [[Old Vic]] Company at the [[Noël Coward Theatre|New Theatre]] to play Sir Toby Belch, Doctor Faustus, and Gaev in ''[[The Cherry Orchard]]'', but according to critic and biographer W.A. Darlington, "it was about this time that he confessed to a friend that he was finding the competition in London too hot for him", and he moved permanently to the U.S.<ref name=dnb/> In 1951–52, he appeared on Broadway in Shaw's ''Don Juan in Hell'' with [[Agnes Moorehead]], [[Charles Boyer]] and [[Charles Laughton]].<ref name="ibdb">{{IBDB name|44113}}</ref>

===Film and television work===
Hardwicke's first appearance in a British film was in 1931, and from the late 1930s, he was in great demand in Hollywood. He played [[David Livingstone]] opposite [[Spencer Tracy]]'s [[Henry Morton Stanley]] in ''[[Stanley and Livingstone]]'' in 1939, and also played the evil [[Frollo]] in the [[remake]] of ''[[The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1939 film)|The Hunchback of Notre Dame]]'' starring [[Charles Laughton]] the same year. In 1940, he played Mr. Jones in a [[Victory (1940 film)|screen version]] of [[Joseph Conrad]]'s novel ''[[Victory (novel)|Victory]]''. He starred as the unfortunate Ludwig von Frankenstein in ''[[The Ghost of Frankenstein]]'' (1942) alongside [[Lon Chaney Jr.]] as [[Frankenstein's monster]] and [[Bela Lugosi]] as [[Igor (character)|Ygor]].<ref name="imdb"/>

[[File:Sir Cedric Hardwicke in The Ten Commandments trailer.jpg|thumb|Hardwicke portraying Egyptian Pharaoh Sethi in ''[[The Ten Commandments (1956 film)|The Ten Commandments]]'' (1956)]]
Hardwicke played in films such as ''[[Les Misérables (1935 film)|Les Misérables]]'' (1935) with [[Fredric March]] and Charles Laughton, the first ever three-strip [[Technicolor]] film ''[[Becky Sharp (film)|Becky Sharp]]'' (1935), ''[[King Solomon's Mines (1937 film)|King Solomon's Mines]]'' (1937), ''[[The Keys of the Kingdom (film)|The Keys of the Kingdom]]'' (1944), ''[[The Winslow Boy (1948 film)|The Winslow Boy]]'' (1948), [[Alfred Hitchcock]]'s ''[[Rope (film)|Rope]]'' (1948) with [[James Stewart]], and Olivier's ''[[Richard III (1955 film)|Richard III]]'' (1955). He was featured as [[King Arthur]] in the comedy/musical ''[[A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court (1949 film)|A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court]]'' (1949), singing ''Busy Doing Nothing'' in a trio with [[Bing Crosby]] and [[William Bendix]], and as the Pharaoh [[Seti I|Sethi]] in [[Cecil B. DeMille]]'s 1956 film ''[[The Ten Commandments (1956 film)|The Ten Commandments]]'' starring [[Charlton Heston]] as [[Moses]].<ref name="imdb">{{IMDb name|0362567}}</ref>

He appeared in a [[Alfred Hitchcock Presents season 2|1956]] episode of ''[[Alfred Hitchcock Presents]]'' titled ''Wet Saturday'' in which he portrayed Mr. Princey, an aristocratic gentleman who tries to cover up a murder to avoid public scandal. On 6 March 1958, he guest-starred on the TV series ''[[The Ford Show]]'' starring [[Tennessee Ernie Ford]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tv.com/the-tennessee-ernie-ford-show/march.../summary.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130204193022/http://www.tv.com/the-tennessee-ernie-ford-show/march.../summary.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 February 2013|title=''The Tennessee Ernie Ford Show''|publisher=tv.com|access-date=25 November 2010}}</ref>

In 1961, he co-starred with [[Gertrude Berg]] in the [[Four Star Television]] [[situation comedy]], ''[[Mrs. G. Goes to College]]'' (retitled ''[[The Gertrude Berg Show]]'' at mid-season). The series was cancelled after one season.

===Radio===
In 1945, Hardwicke played [[Sherlock Holmes]] in a BBC Radio dramatisation of ''[[The Adventure of the Speckled Band|The Speckled Band]]'', opposite [[Finlay Currie]] as [[Dr. Watson]]. Years later, Hardwicke's son [[Edward Hardwicke|Edward]] played Watson in the acclaimed [[Sherlock Holmes (1984 TV series)|Granada series]].

Hardwicke played the titular role in a short-lived revival of the ''[[Bulldog Drummond (radio program)|Bulldog Drummond]]'' radio program on the [[Mutual Broadcasting System]], which ran 3 January 1954 to 28 March 1954.<ref name="dunningota">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fi5wPDBiGfMC&dq=%22Bulldog+Drummond,+crime+drama%22&pg=PA123 |last=Dunning |first=John |author-link=John Dunning (detective fiction author) |title=On the Air: The Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio |date=1998 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York, NY |isbn=978-0-19-507678-3 |page=123 |edition=Revised |access-date=2019-09-22}}</ref>