Editing Cave bear (section)

==Description==
[[File:Ursus spelaeus Sergiodlarosa.jpg|thumb|Life restoration.]]
The cave bear had a very broad, domed skull with a steep forehead; its stout body had long thighs, massive shins and in-turning feet, making it similar in skeletal structure to the brown bear.<ref name="Bearalmanac">{{cite book | author = Brown, Gary | title = Great Bear Almanac | year = 1996 | page = [https://archive.org/details/greatbearalmanac00gary/page/340 340] | publisher = Lyons & Burford | isbn = 1-55821-474-7 | url = https://archive.org/details/greatbearalmanac00gary/page/340 }}</ref> Cave bears were comparable in size to, or larger than, the largest modern-day bears, measuring up to {{convert|2|m|ft|abbr=on}} in length.<ref>{{cite book |editor=Palmer, D.|year=1999 |title= The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals|publisher= Marshall Editions|location=London|page= 217|isbn= 1-84028-152-9}}</ref> The average weight for males was {{convert|350|to|600|kg|lb|abbr=on}},<ref name="weight">{{cite journal|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23735739 |journal=Annales Zoologici Fennici |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=93–102 |year=1999 |title=What size were Arctodus simus and Ursus spelaeus (Carnivora: Ursidae)? |author=Per Christiansen|jstor=23735739 }}</ref> while females weighed {{convert|225|to|250|kg|lb|abbr=on|round=5}}.<ref name="weight" /> Of cave bear skeletons in museums, 90% are classified as male due to a misconception that the female skeletons were merely "dwarfs". Cave bears grew larger during glaciations and smaller during interglacials, probably to adjust heat loss rate.<ref name="CLAW">{{cite book | author= Macdonald, David | title= The Velvet Claw | year= 1992 | page= [https://archive.org/details/velvetclawnatura00macd/page/256 256] | isbn= 0-563-20844-9 | publisher= Parkwest | location= New York | url= https://archive.org/details/velvetclawnatura00macd/page/256 }}</ref>

Cave bears of the [[Last Glacial Maximum|last Ice Age]] lacked the usual two or three premolars present in other bears; to compensate, the last molar is very elongated, with supplementary cusps.<ref>[http://www.altabadia.it/orsispelei/nozioni_i.htm Gli orsi spelèi delle Conturines/ Ursus Spelaeus]. Altabadia.it. Retrieved on 2011-09-26.</ref> The [[humerus]] of the cave bear was similar in size to that of the [[polar bear]], as were the [[femora]] of females. The femora of male cave bears, however, bore more similarities in size to those of [[Kodiak bear]]s.<ref name="weight"/>