Editing Carlo Gambino (section)

=== Castellammarese War and The Commission ===
In New York, Gambino joined a criminal organization headed by [[Joe Masseria]], another Sicilian-born gangster.<ref name=nydies/> In 1930 Gambino was arrested in [[Lawrence, Massachusetts|Lawrence]], [[Massachusetts]], as a suspicious person. That charge was dismissed, but he was seized a month later in [[Brockton, Massachusetts]], on a [[larceny]] charge. A warrant was issued for his arrest when he failed to show up in court.<ref name=bail/> Four years later, he was arrested in [[Manhattan]] as a fugitive and was returned to Brockton, where the larceny charge was dropped when he made restitution of $1,000.<ref name=bail/>

By the early 1930s, Masseria found himself in a fierce rivalry with [[Salvatore Maranzano]], the head of the [[Bonanno crime family|Castellammarese clan]], which eventually escalated into the bloody [[Castellammarese War]]. Masseria and Maranzano were so-called "[[Mustache Pete]]s": older, traditional Mafia bosses who had started their criminal careers in their home country and believed in upholding the supposed "Old World Mafia" principles of "honor", "tradition", "respect" and "dignity". The Mustache Petes refused to work with non-Italians and were skeptical of working with non-Sicilians. Some of the most conservative bosses worked only with men having roots in their own Sicilian village.<ref name=MafEnc>Sifakis</ref>

When the war began turning poorly for Masseria, his second-in-command, [[Lucky Luciano|Charles "Lucky" Luciano]], saw an opportunity to switch allegiances. In a secret deal with Maranzano, he agreed to engineer Masseria's death in return for taking over Masseria's [[racket (crime)|racket]]s and becoming Maranzano's lieutenant.<ref name="five families book">{{cite book |title=The Five Families |date=13 May 2014 |publisher=MacMillan |isbn=9781429907989 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5nAt6N8iQnYC |access-date =June 22, 2008}}</ref> On April 15, 1931, Masseria was killed at Nuova Villa Tammaro, a restaurant on [[Coney Island]], ending the Castellammarese War.<ref>{{cite news|last=Pollak|first=Michael|title=Coney Island's Big Hit|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/01/nyregion/answer-to-a-question-about-a-mobsters-death-in-coney-island.html?_r=0|access-date=31 October 2012|newspaper=The New York Times|date=June 29, 2012}}</ref><ref>Sifakis, (2005). pp. 87–88</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=Martin A. Gosch|author2=Richard Hammer|author3=Lucky Luciano|title=The Last Testament of Lucky Luciano|year=1975|publisher=Little, Brown|isbn=978-0-316-32140-2|pages=[https://archive.org/details/lasttestamentofl00gosc/page/130 130–132]|url=https://archive.org/details/lasttestamentofl00gosc/page/130}}</ref><ref name="five families book"/>

With Masseria gone, Maranzano reorganized the Italian gangs of New York into [[Five Families]] headed by Luciano, [[Joe Profaci]], [[Tommy Gagliano]], [[Vincent Mangano]] and himself. He called a meeting of crime bosses in [[Wappingers Falls, New York]], where he declared himself ''[[capo di tutti capi]]'' ("boss of all bosses").<ref name="five families book"/> Maranzano also whittled down the rival families' rackets in favor of his own. Luciano appeared to accept these changes but was merely biding his time before removing Maranzano.<ref name=MafEnc /> Although Maranzano was slightly more forward-thinking than Masseria, Luciano had come to believe that he was even more greedy and power-hungry than Masseria had been.<ref name="five families book"/>

By September 1931, Maranzano, realizing the threat Luciano posed, hired Irish hitman [[Vincent Coll|Vincent "Mad Dog" Coll]] to eliminate him.<ref name="five families book"/> However, [[Tommy Lucchese]] alerted Luciano that he was marked for death.<ref name="five families book"/> On September 10, Maranzano summoned Luciano, [[Vito Genovese]] and [[Frank Costello]] to his office at [[Helmsley Building|230 Park Avenue]] in Manhattan, where Maranzano was killed.<ref name=Cohen>{{cite book|last=Cohen|first=Rich|title=Tough Jews|year=1999|publisher=Vintage Books|location=New York|isbn=0-375-70547-3|pages=[https://archive.org/details/toughjews00cohe/page/65 65]–66|url=https://archive.org/details/toughjews00cohe|url-access=registration|quote=Genovese maranzano.|edition=1st Vintage Books}}</ref><ref name="Dec. 7, 1998">"Lucky Luciano: Criminal Mastermind," ''Time'', [http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,989779,00.html Dec. 7, 1998]</ref><ref>"The Genovese Family," ''Crime Library'', [http://www.crimelibrary.com/gangsters_outlaws/family_epics/genovese1/2.html ''Crime Library''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071214043547/http://www.crimelibrary.com/gangsters_outlaws/family_epics/genovese1/2.html |date=December 14, 2007 }}</ref>

Later in 1931, Luciano called a meeting in [[Chicago]] with various bosses, where he proposed the creation of a [[National Crime Syndicate|governing body for organized crime]] that would later evolve into [[The Commission (mafia)|The Commission]].<ref name=origins>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/11/20/nyregion/the-commission-s-origins.html|title=The Commission's Origins|date=1986|work=The New York Times|access-date=22 February 2017}}</ref> Designed to settle all disputes and decide which families controlled which territories, the Commission has been called Luciano's greatest innovation.<ref name="five families book"/> His goals with the Commission were to quietly maintain his own power over all the families, and to prevent future gang wars; the bosses approved the idea of the Commission.<ref name="Capeci guide">[[Jerry Capeci|Capeci, Jerry]]. ''The complete idiot's guide to the Mafia'' [https://books.google.com/books?id=GhfExAeLSBAC&q=commission&pg=PA43 "The Mafia's Commission" (pp. 31–46)]</ref>