Editing Campylobacter (section)

== Genomics ==
The [[genome]]s of several ''Campylobacter'' species have been sequenced, beginning with ''C. jejuni'' in 2000.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fouts |first=Derrick E. |last2=Mongodin |first2=Emmanuel F. |last3=Mandrell |first3=Robert E. |last4=Miller |first4=William G. |last5=Rasko |first5=David A. |last6=Ravel |first6=Jacques |last7=Brinkac |first7=Lauren M. |last8=DeBoy |first8=Robert T. |last9=Parker |first9=Craig T. |last10=Daugherty |first10=Sean C. |last11=Dodson |first11=Robert J. |last12=Durkin |first12=A. Scott |last13=Madupu |first13=Ramana |last14=Sullivan |first14=Steven A. |last15=Shetty |first15=Jyoti U. |date=2005-01-04 |title=Major Structural Differences and Novel Potential Virulence Mechanisms from the Genomes of Multiple Campylobacter Species |url=https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.0030015 |journal=PLOS Biology |language=en |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=e15 |doi=10.1371/journal.pbio.0030015 |issn=1545-7885 |pmc=539331 |pmid=15660156 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Parkhill2000">{{Cite journal |last=Parkhill |first=J. |last2=Wren |first2=B. W. |last3=Mungall |first3=K. |last4=Ketley |first4=J. M. |last5=Churcher |first5=C. |last6=Basham |first6=D. |last7=Chillingworth |first7=T. |last8=Davies |first8=R. M. |last9=Feltwell |first9=T. |last10=Holroyd |first10=S. |last11=Jagels |first11=K. |last12=Karlyshev |first12=A. V. |last13=Moule |first13=S. |last14=Pallen |first14=M. J. |last15=Penn |first15=C. W. |date=February 2000 |title=The genome sequence of the food-borne pathogen Campylobacter jejuni reveals hypervariable sequences |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/35001088 |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=403 |issue=6770 |pages=665–668 |doi=10.1038/35001088 |issn=1476-4687}}</ref> These genome studies have identified molecular markers specific to members of ''Campylobacter''.{{citation needed|date=April 2021}} ''Campylobacter'' ssp. genomes are rather small compared to those of other gastrointestinal pathogens, with sizes ranging between 1.60 and 1.90 Mbp.<ref name="Parkhill2000"/> A characteristic of most ''Campylobacter'' genomes is the presence of [[hypervariable region]]s, which can differ greatly between different strains.<ref name="Parkhill2000"/>

Studies have investigated the genes responsible for motility in ''Campylobacter'' species. Some ''Campylobacter'' species contain two [[flagellin]] genes in tandem for motility, ''flaA'' and ''flaB''. These genes undergo [[intergenic]] recombination, further contributing to their virulence.<ref name="Gran_1993t">{{cite journal |last=Grant |first=CC |last2=Konkel |first2=ME |last3=Cieplak |first3=W |last4=Tompkins |first4=LS |date=May 1993 |title=Role of flagella in adherence, internalization, and translocation of Campylobacter jejuni in nonpolarized and polarized epithelial cell cultures |journal=Infection and Immunity |volume=61 |issue=5 |pages=1764–71 |doi=10.1128/IAI.61.5.1764-1771.1993 |pmc=280763 |pmid=8478066}}</ref> A single [[Type VI secretion system]] (T6SS) cluster was also predicted in approximately one-third of ''Campylobacter'' species, grouping into three distinct organisations and harbouring up to five ''vgrG'' genes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Robinson |first1=L |last2=Liaw |first2=J |last3=Omole |first3=Z |last4=Corcionivoschi |first4=N |last5=Hachani |first5=A |last6=Gundogdu |first6=O |title=In silico investigation of the genus Campylobacter type VI secretion system reveals genetic diversity in organization and putative effectors |journal=Microbial Genomics |date=October 2022 |volume=8 |issue=10 |page=000898 |doi=10.1099/mgen.0.000898 |issn=2057-5858 |pmid= 36314601 |pmc=9676060 |doi-access=free }}</ref>