Editing Cadbury (section)

===1900–1969===
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In 1905, Cadbury launched its [[Cadbury Dairy Milk|Dairy Milk]] bar, a high quality product with a greater proportion of milk than previous chocolate bars.<ref name=Jones/> Developed by George's son, [[George Cadbury Jr]] (along with his research and development team), it was the first time a British company had been able to mass-produce milk chocolate.<ref name=Fitzgerald2005/><ref>{{cite book |last1=Hunter |first1=Paul |title=The Seven Inconvenient Truths of Business Strategy |date=2016 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |page=102}}</ref> From the beginning, it had the distinctive purple wrapper.<ref name=Fitzgerald2005/> It was a great sales success, and became the company's best-selling product by 1914.<ref name=Jones/> The stronger Bournville Cocoa line was introduced in 1906.<ref name=Jones/> Cadbury Dairy Milk and Bournville Cocoa were to provide the basis for the company's rapid pre-war expansion.<ref name=Jones/> In 1910, Cadbury sales overtook those of Fry for the first time.<ref name=Fitzgerald2005/>

Cadbury's [[Milk Tray]] was first produced in 1915 and continued in production throughout the remainder of the [[World War I|First World War]]. More than 2,000 of Cadbury's male employees joined the [[British Armed Forces]], and to support the British war effort, Cadbury provided chocolate, books and clothing to the troops.<ref name="World War">{{cite news |title=New Cadbury World Display Highlights Bournville Workers' Courage During WW1 |url=http://www.edgemagazine.org/new-cadbury-world-display-highlights-bournville-workers-courage-ww1.html |work=Edge Magazine |date=15 December 2015 |access-date=16 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222104950/http://www.edgemagazine.org/new-cadbury-world-display-highlights-bournville-workers-courage-ww1.html |archive-date=22 December 2015 |url-status=usurped}}</ref> [[George Cadbury]] handed over two company-owned buildings for use as hospitals – "The Beeches" and "Fircroft", and the management of both hospitals earned the War Office's highest award.<ref name="World War"/> Factory girls, dubbed 'The Cadbury Angels', volunteered to do the laundry of injured soldiers recovering in the hospitals.<ref name="World War"/> After the war, the [[Bournville]] factory was redeveloped and mass production began in earnest. In 1918, Cadbury opened their first overseas factory in [[Hobart]], [[Tasmania]]. A trainline was also built for easier access to Hobart. Of the 16 women who came to Tasmania to set up the factory, seven are known to have returned to the UK, two married and stayed in Tasmania, two did not marry but stayed and five left no record.<ref>{{cite news |date=22 December 2017 |title=A story choc-full of facts about Cadbury's origins in Tasmania |work=ABC News |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-12-23/history-of-cadbury-chocolate-factory-in-hobart/9275224 |access-date=17 April 2022 |archive-date=23 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220923071333/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-12-23/history-of-cadbury-chocolate-factory-in-hobart/9275224 |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:Cadbury Wharf, Knighton, Staffordshire - geograph.org.uk - 1321957.jpg|thumb|left|220px|Cadbury Wharf, [[Knighton, Stafford, Staffordshire|Knighton, Staffordshire]]. It was operated by Cadbury between 1911 and 1961, to process locally collected milk and produce "chocolate crumb" which was transported to Cadbury's in Bournville.]]
In 1919, Cadbury merged with Fry's, resulting in the integration of well-known brands such as [[Fry's Chocolate Cream]] and [[Fry's Turkish Delight]].<ref name=Jones/> In 1921, the many small Fry's factories around Bristol were closed down, and production was consolidated at a new [[Somerdale Factory]], outside Bristol.<ref name=Fitzgerald2005/>

Cadbury expanded its product range with [[Flake (chocolate bar)|Flake]] (1920), [[Cadbury Creme Egg|Creme eggs]] (1923), [[Cadbury Dairy Milk Fruit & Nut|Fruit and Nut]] (1928), and [[Crunchie]] (1929, originally under the Fry's label). By 1930, Cadbury was the 24th-largest British manufacturing company as measured by estimated market value of capital.<ref name=Jones/> Cadbury took direct control of the under-performing Fry in 1935.<ref name=Fitzgerald2005/> Dairy Milk Whole Nut arrived in 1933, and tins of [[Cadbury Roses|Roses]] were introduced in 1938 (competing with [[Quality Street (confectionery)|Quality Street]] launched by [[Mackintosh's]] in 1936).<ref name="timeshistory">{{cite news |url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/consumer_goods/article6824373.ece |title=A history of Cadbury's sweet success |date=19 January 2010 |newspaper=[[The Times|Times Online]] |author=Ascribed to Cadbury plc. |access-date=30 May 2010 |location=London |archive-date=11 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611232931/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/consumer_goods/article6824373.ece |url-status=dead }}</ref> Roses has become a very popular Christmas (and Mother's Day) gift.<ref>{{cite news |title=Cadbury Roses fans get in a Christmas twist over wrapper changes |url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2016/dec/23/cadbury-roses-fans-christmas-twist-changes-wrappers |access-date=21 May 2019 |work=[[The Guardian]] |archive-date=2 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702024655/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2016/dec/23/cadbury-roses-fans-christmas-twist-changes-wrappers |url-status=live }}</ref>

By the mid-1930s, Cadbury estimated that 90 percent of the British population could readily afford to buy chocolate as it was no longer considered a luxury item for the working classes.<ref name="Fitzgerald2007">{{cite book |last=Fitzgerald |first=Robert |title=Rowntree and the Marketing Revolution, 1862–1969 |year=2007 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-02378-8 |page=23}}</ref> By 1936, Dairy Milk accounted for 60 per cent of the UK milk chocolate market.<ref name=Fitzgerald2005/> Between the two world wars Cadbury sent test packages to British schoolchildren in exchange for their opinions on new products, one of whom, [[Roald Dahl]], would later write the children's novel ''[[Charlie and the Chocolate Factory]]''.<ref>{{cite news |title=Repton School 'helped inspire Dahl' to write Charlie |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-derbyshire-14896806 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=12 November 2015 |access-date=27 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181014053337/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-derbyshire-14896806 |archive-date=14 October 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>

During the Second World War, parts of the [[Bournville]] factory were turned over to war work, producing [[milling machine]]s and seats for [[fighter aircraft]]. Workers ploughed football fields to plant crops. As chocolate was regarded as an essential food, it was placed under government supervision for the entire war. The wartime rationing of chocolate ended in 1950, and normal production resumed. Cadbury subsequently invested in new factories and had an increasing demand for their products.<ref name="birm">{{cite web |url=http://4birminghamuk.blogspot.co.at/2012/04/cadbury.html |title=The history of Cadbury Schweppes |date=28 April 2012 |publisher=Birminghamuk.com |access-date=26 April 2013 |archive-date=9 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130609190813/http://4birminghamuk.blogspot.co.at/2012/04/cadbury.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1952 the [[Moreton, Merseyside|Moreton]] factory was built.<ref name="SmithRowlinson1990">{{cite book |first1=Chris |last1=Smith |first2=Michael |last2=Rowlinson |title=Reshaping Work: The Cadbury Experience |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PNc9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA81 |year=1990 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-32304-8 |pages=78–82}}</ref>

In 1967, Cadbury acquired an Australian confectioner, [[MacRobertson's]], beating a rival bid from [[Mars, Incorporated|Mars]].<ref name="Cadbury268">{{cite book |last=Cadbury |first=Deborah |title=Chocolate Wars: The 150-Year Rivalry Between the World's Greatest Chocolate Makers |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781586488208 |url-access=registration |year=2010 |publisher=PublicAffairs |isbn=978-1-58648-925-0 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781586488208/page/267 267–8]}}</ref> As a result of the takeover, Cadbury built a 60 per cent market share in the Australian market.<ref name="Cadbury268" />

Cadbury was a holder of a royal warrant from [[Elizabeth II|Queen Elizabeth II]] from 1955 to 2022.<ref name="Royal Warrant"/> A warrant from [[Charles III|King Charles III]] was held for a further two years, but was dropped in 2024 due to Mondelez International still operating in Russia.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Vaughan |first1=Martha |title=Cadbury's loses royal warrant after 170 years on King's new list |work=The Herald |date=24 December 2024 |location=Glasgow |page=7}}</ref>