Editing Byerley Turk (section)

==Byerley Turk sire line==
[[File:Herod (horse).jpg|thumb|Herod (King Herod)]]
The Byerley sire line persisted by producing a major sire every few generations, whose sons would create branches of their own. Most of these branches have died out over the course of time. The line of descent to the present day is as follows:<ref name="Morris">Morris, Simon; ''Tesio Power 2000 – Stallions of the World'', Syntax Software</ref><ref>Churchill, Jennifer, ''Australia and New Zealand – Sires for '87'', Racetrack Magazine</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Foundation Sire Lines|url=http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Sirelines/SireLines.htm|website=www.bloodlines.net|access-date=4 June 2016}}</ref>
* The Byerley Turk (~1680) sired [[Jigg (horse)|Jigg]] in 1705, who sired [[Partner (horse)|Partner]] in 1718, who sired [[Tartar (horse, foaled 1743)|Tartar]] in 1743, who sired [[Herod (horse)|Herod]] in 1758. Herod was the [[leading sire in Great Britain and Ireland]] from 1777 to 1784.
* Herod sired [[Highflyer (horse)|Highflyer]] in 1774, leading sire in Great Britain from 1785-1796. Highflyer's line persisted for many generations but died out in the first half of the 20th century.<ref>{{cite web|title=Highflyer Sire Line|url=http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Sirelines/Highflyer.htm|website=www.bloodlines.net|access-date=21 February 2017}}</ref>
* Herod also sired [[Florizel]] born in 1768, who sired [[Diomed]] (1777). Diomed would become a foundation sire of the American turf. In turn, Diomed sired [[Sir Archy]] who was the first great "sire of sires" in the United States. A few generations later through Sir Archy's line came [[Lexington (horse)|Lexington]] who became the [[leading sire in North America]] sixteen times in the mid-19th century, but his sire line died out in the late 20th century.<ref name="Midnight">[https://horseracingtoday.net/the-meaning-of-the-death-of-midnight-bourbon/ The Meaning of the death of Midnight Bourbon]</ref><ref name="Saudi">[https://horseracingtoday.net/the-kingdom-of-saudi-arabia-has-four-horses-from-the-nearly-dead-st-simon-sire-line/ Saudi Arabia has four horses from the nearly dead St Simon sire line]</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Herod / Diomed sire line|url=http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Sirelines/Herod.htm|website=www.bloodlines.net|access-date=21 February 2017}}</ref><ref name="American Classic Pedigrees">[https://books.google.com/books?id=ozOLKZl9XzsC&dq=american+classic+pedigrees+1914-2002+lexington+extinct&pg=PA13 American Classic Pedigrees (1914-2002)]</ref>
[[File:Sultan (GB).jpg|thumb|Sultan]] 
*Herod's line continued through [[Woodpecker (horse)|Woodpecker]], foaled in 1773, who sired [[Buzzard (horse)|Buzzard]] (1787). Buzzard founded several sire lines that flourished in the 19th century, most of which withered away in the 20th century.<ref>{{cite web|title=Buzzard Sire Line|url=http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Sirelines/Buzzard.htm|website=www.bloodlines.net|access-date=21 February 2017}}</ref> Buzzard's sire line continued through [[Selim (horse)|Selim]], foaled in 1802, who was leading sire of 1814. Selim produced yet another flourishing sire line, most of which died away by the mid 20th century.<ref>{{cite web|title=Selim's Sire Line|url=http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Sirelines/Selim.htm|website=www.bloodlines.net|access-date=21 February 2017}}</ref> Selim's sire line continued through [[Sultan (horse)|Sultan]], born in 1816. Sultan was leading sire 6 times.
[[File:Bay Middleton.jpg|thumb|Bay Middleton]]
*Sultan in turn sired [[Bay Middleton (horse)|Bay Middleton]] (1833), who was leading sire in 1844 and 1849. Bay Middleton sired several sire sons but most of his line died out by the middle of the 20th century.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sire Lines Bay Middleton|url=http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Sirelines/BayMiddleton.htm|website=www.bloodlines.net|access-date=4 June 2016}}</ref> Bay Middleton's sire line continued through [[The Flying Dutchman (horse)|The Flying Dutchman]], born in 1846. The Flying Dutchman sired several sons whose lines gradually died out over the course of the 20th century. The Flying Dutchman's line continued through Dollar in 1860, who sired Androcles in 1870, who sired Cambyse in 1884, who sired Gardefeu in 1895, who sired Chouberski in 1902, who sired Bruleur in 1910. Bruleur sired [[Ksar (horse)|Ksar]] in 1918.
[[File:KSAR1921.jpg|thumb|Ksar, 1921]]
*Ksar was a two-time winner of the Arc de Triomphe and the [[leading sire in France]] for 1931. Ksar sired [[Tourbillon (horse)|Tourbillon]] in 1928. Tourbillon was three-time leading sire in France. As recently as the 1982 stallion register, four sons of Tourbillon were known to have active stallions ([[Ambiorix (horse)|Ambiorix]], Coaraze, [[Djebel]], and Timor).<ref name="Not Eclipse"/> However, Tourbillon's sire line has not had a stallion in the top 100 turf horses as recently as 2018.<ref>[https://www.thoroughbredracing.com/articles/4046/northern-dancer-and-turf-soon-only-few-other-sire-lines-may-effectively-exist/ Northern Dancer and turf: soon only a few other sire lines may effectively exist]</ref>
* Djebel sired [[My Babu]], who also won the 2000 Guineas. The My Babu sire line persisted for several generations, leading to [[Cirrus des Aigles]], a Group 1 winner as late as 2014. Unfortunately, Cirrus des Aigles was gelded so the My Babu sire line is on the brink of extinction, though as of 2023, sire Bulleton (Australia, 2003) still serves mares in N.S.W., Australia.<ref name="Bulleton">[https://www.horsedeals.com.au/listings/bulleton-ce9791b7-2297-4814-9d0b-3d505969510e Horse deals: Bulleton]</ref> His sire is Rubiton, by Century, by Better Boy (Ireland, 1951). Better Boy was 4-time Champion Sire in Australia (1965-66, 1970-71, 1971-72 and 1976-77), Sired 35 stakes winners and was Champion Broodmare Sire in Australia 1978-79.<ref name="Drying Up"/> In addition, Japanese horse racing fans have attempted to keep the sire line of [[Tokai Teio]] (who is a direct descendant to My Babu through his son Milesian’s line)<ref name="Quite Fine">[https://www.pedigreequery.com/quite+fine Quite Fine Pedigree]</ref> alive by means of [[crowdfunding]], through his son Quite Fine.<ref name="projects">{{Cite web |title=トウカイテイオー後継種牡馬プロジェクト・クワイトファイン種牡馬入りへの道 |url=https://camp-fire.jp/projects/view/204578 |access-date=2023-04-30 |website=camp-fire.jp |language=ja}}</ref><ref name="annex">{{Cite web |title=トウカイテイオーの血を令和に繋ぎたい！ファンの支援が後継種牡馬を送り出す - スポニチ Sponichi Annex ギャンブル |url=https://www.sponichi.co.jp/gamble/news/2021/08/02/kiji/20210801s00004048521000c.html |access-date=2023-04-30 |website=スポニチ Sponichi Annex |language=ja}}</ref>
* Djebel also sired Clarion, born in 1944, who, though less successful than My Babu on the track, is the best hope for the survival of the Byerley Turk sire line. Clarion sired Klairon in 1952, whose son Luthier would lead the french sire list four times. Luthier's sire line continued for a few generations but seems to have died out. Klairon also sired [[Lorenzaccio (horse)|Lorenzaccio]] in 1965, who in turn sired [[Ahonoora]] in 1975. Ahonoora proved a very successful sire, with offspring including: [[Don't Forget Me (horse)|Don't Forget Me]] (2000 Guineas), [[Dr Devious]] (Epsom Derby), and [[Indian Ridge]]. The Indian Ridge line has hopes primarily through the lineage of three sons: [[Compton Place (horse)|Compton Place]] (1994), Indian Rocket (1994), and [[Indian Haven]] (2000). Pearl Secret (son of Compton Place) is at stud in England, and Captain Chop (son of Indian Rocket) is at stud in France, while Indian Haven was at stud in Ireland until his death in 2023.<ref name="Drying Up">[https://paulickreport.com/news/bloodstock/foundation-byerley-turk-sire-line-drying-up-in-australia-and-beyond/ Foundation Byerley Turk Sire Line Drying Up In Australia And Beyond]</ref><ref name="shrinking">[http://werkhorse.com/whoshotwhosnot/index.php/2021/02/06/texas-breeder-responds-to-shrinking-man-o-war-line/ Texas breeder responds to shrinking Man o’ War line]</ref><ref name="CHOP">[https://www.etalons-galop.com/en/etalons/captain-chop-thoroughbred-bay,27.html THE FRENCH STALLION BOOK: CAPTAIN CHOP]</ref><ref name="Pearl Secret">[https://www.pedigreequery.com/progeny/pearl+secret Pearl Secret Progeny]</ref><ref name="Captain Chop">[https://www.pedigreequery.com/progeny/captain+chop Captain Chop Progeny]</ref>
* A minor Byerley-descended stallion was known to be in South America as recently as 2021, but wasn’t covering many mares.<ref name="vanish">[https://www.tdnausnz.com.au/edition/2021-07-02/the-byerley-turk-line-set-to-vanish-from-australia The Byerley Turk line set to vanish from Australia]</ref><ref>[https://www.racingpost.com/bloodstock/news/chapel-stud-announces-death-of-byerley-turk-line-sire-and-irish-2000-guineas-winner-indian-haven-at-23-af5pW3L4JphC/ Chapel Stud announces death of Byerley Turk line sire and Irish 2,000 Guineas winner Indian Haven at 23]</ref>

Thus the continuation of the Byerley Turk Thoroughbred sire line via Herod now largely depends on the descendants of Djebel, primarily through three descendants of his son Clarion (Captain Chop, Indian Haven, and Pearl Secret, via the Indian Ridge line),<ref name="Drying Up"/><ref name="CHOP"/><ref name="Pearl Secret"/><ref name="Captain Chop"/> secondarily through two descendants of his son My Babu (Bulleton via the Better Boy line, and Quite Fine via the Milesian line),<ref name="Bulleton"/><ref name="projects"/><ref name="annex"/><ref name="Quite Fine"/> and a minor Byerley Turk descended sire in South America.<ref name="vanish"/>

Of special note, a direct male descendant by the name of [[Gem Twist]], a three-time [[American Grand Prix Association]] champion Thoroughbred [[show jumping|show jumper]], had two clones produced<ref name="Clone of top jumper Gem Twist born">[https://www.horsetalk.co.nz/news/2008/09/105.shtml Clone of top jumper Gem Twist born]</ref><ref name="Cloned horses may now compete says FEI">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120708030240/http://www.horseandhound.co.uk/news/397/313182.html Cloned horses may now compete says FEI]</ref> that have successfully produced offspring as recently as 2012.<ref name="Gem Twist produce first foals">[https://www.horsetalk.co.nz/2012/05/05/gem-twist-et-clones-produce-first-foals/#.T_UUBpF6nag Gem Twist, ET clones produce first foals]</ref> The clones and any offspring of them are not considered Thoroughbreds however, as the breed requires procreation by natural means.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Genaro |first1=Teresa |title=Cloned Horses Good Enough For The Olympics, But Thoroughbred Racing Says "Neigh" |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/teresagenaro/2012/07/30/cloned-horses-good-enough-for-the-olympics-but-thoroughbred-racing-says-neigh/#303bb1a75b0a |website=Forbes |access-date=29 December 2019 |language=en}}</ref>

Focusing on the sire line underestimates the ongoing influence of the Byerley Turk: detailed pedigree analysis shows that he has a higher percentage of blood in the modern Thoroughbred than either of his fellow foundation sires through other lines of descent.<ref name="Not Eclipse">{{cite web|title=On Herod and Matchem but not Eclipse|url=http://cs.bloodhorse.com/blogs/scot/archive/2009/09/17/on-herod-and-matchem-but-not-eclipse-thoroughbred-founding-sires.aspx|website=cs.bloodhorse.com|access-date=2 June 2016}}</ref> Furthermore, the influence of the Byerley Turk has been felt through other horse breeds through his direct male descendants [[Diomed]] ([[American Quarter Horse]] and [[Standardbred]]),<ref name="Copperbottom">{{Cite web |url=http://quarterhorserecord.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/Copperbottom.pdf |title=Copperbottom |access-date=2019-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026145237/http://quarterhorserecord.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/Copperbottom.pdf |archive-date=2019-10-26 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Lost Bloodline">[http://horsesonly.com/pednotes/WL/copperb.htm Lost Bloodline]</ref><ref name="Duroc">[http://www.tbheritage.com/Portraits/Duroc.html Duroc]</ref><ref name="American Star">[http://www.classicfamilies.net/HorseDetails.aspx?HorseID=10017790 American Star]</ref> [[Denmark (horse)|Denmark]] ([[American Saddlebred]]),<ref name="Saddlebred Heritage">[https://books.google.com/books?id=x7O_A_e-TAkC&dq=Harrison+Chief+Saddlebred&pg=PA11 Kentucky's Saddlebred Heritage]</ref> and [[Figure (horse)|Justin Morgan]] ([[Morgan horse]]).<ref name="Origin">[https://www.morganhorse.com/about_morgan/history/ Origin of the Morgan Horse]</ref> In fact, Denmark, Justin Morgan, and [[Sir Archy]]<ref name="Bloodlines Chart">[https://www.aqha.com/-/the-bloodlines-chart The Bloodlines Chart]</ref> (son of  Diomed), are key foundation sires for their respective breeds.<ref name="Saddlebred Heritage"/><ref name="Origin"/> Therefore, the Byerley Turk overall sire line lives on today more prominently through the American Quarter Horse, American Saddlebred, and Morgan horse than the Thoroughbred.

===Sire line tree===
{{cot|Byerley Turk descendants (click to expand)}}
{{tree list}}
*'''Byerley Turk'''<!--b. 1680--><ref name="Byerly Portraits">[http://www.tbheritage.com/Portraits/ByerleyTurk.html Byerley Portraits]</ref><ref name="Byerley Turk">[http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/ByerlyTurk.htm Byerley Turk]</ref><ref name="Byerley Turk Tree">[http://www.galopp-sieger.de/galoppsieger/stammtafel_html?startPferd=Byerley%20TurkByerley%20Ba&fart=&ftype=&tiefe=765&suchePferd=Byerl&efil= Byerley Turk Tree]</ref><ref name="Byerley Turk Line">[http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/SireLineschts/SireLineBT.html Byerley Turk Line]</ref><ref name="Byerley Sirelines">[http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Sirelines/ByerleyTurk.htm Byerley Sirelines]</ref>
**Archer<!--b. 1695-->
**Black Hearty<!--b. 1695-->
**Grasshopper<!--b. 1695-->
**Sprite<!--b. 1700-->
**[[Jigg (horse)|Jigg]]<!--b. 1701--><ref>[http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresJ.html#Jigg Foundation Sire: Jigg]</ref>
***Son of Jigg<!--b. 1712-->
***[[Partner (horse)|Partner (Old)]]<!--b. 1718--><ref>[http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresP.html#OldPartner Foundation Sire: Old Partner]</ref><ref>[https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/Partner.htm Biography: Partner]</ref>
****Partner (Grisewood)<!--b. 1730--><ref name="P">[http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresP.html Foundation Sires: P]</ref>
****Partner (Moore)<!--b. 1730--><ref name="P"/>
****Cato<!--b. 1731-->
****Little John<!--b. 1731-->
****Spectre<!--b. 1733-->
****Sedbury<!--b. 1734--><ref name="Sedbury">[http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresS.html#Sedbury Foundation Sire: Sedbury]</ref><ref>[https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/Sedbury.htm Biography: Sedbury]</ref>
*****Soldier<!--b. 1747-->
*****Alfred<!--b. 1749-->
*****Tantivy<!--b. 1749-->
****Golden Ball<!--b. 1735-->
****Merry Andrew<!--b. 1735-->
****Badger<!--b. 1737--><ref>[https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Studbook/EarlyB.htm Studbook: Early B]</ref>
****[[Tartar (horse, foaled 1743)|Tartar]]<!--b. 1743--><ref>[https://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresT.html#Tartar Foundation Sire: Tartar]</ref><ref>[https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios2/Tartar.htm Biography: Tartar]</ref>
*****Miner<!--b. 1752-->
*****Beaufremont<!--b. 1758-->
*****[[Herod (horse)|Herod]]<!--b. 1758-->
*****Tartar (Wildman)<!--b. 1758-->
****Traveller (Old)<!--b. 1743--><ref>[https://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresT.html#OldTrav Foundation Sire: Old Traveller]</ref><ref>[https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios2/TravellerOld.htm Biography: Traveller]</ref>
*****Dainty Davy<!--b. 1752-->
*****[[Squirrel (horse)|Squirrel]]<!--b. 1754-->
****Traveller (Morton)<!--b. 1746-->
*****Ariel<!--b. 1754-->
*****Partner (Lightfoot)<!--b. 1755-->
*****Yorick<!--b. 1760-->
*****Bellair<!--b. 1761-->
*****Silverlegs<!--b. 1761-->
*****Tristram Shandy<!--b. 1762-->
*****Traveller (Lloyd)<!--b. 1763--><ref>[https://www.morganhorse.com/about/museum/the-life-and-times-of-figure/ The Life and Times of Figure]</ref>
***Robinson Crusoe<!--b. 1723-->
***Shock<!--b. 1729-->
****Shock <!--b. 1750-->
****Bolton<!--b. 1752-->
**[[Basto (horse)|Basto]]<!--b. 1703--><ref>[http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresB.html#Basto Foundation Sire: Basto]</ref><ref>[https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/Basto.htm Biography: Basto]</ref>
***Soreheels<!--b. 1714--><ref>[https://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresS.html#Soreheels Foundation Sire: Soreheels]</ref>
****Grey Soreheels<!--b. 1726-->
***Little Scar<!--b. 1724-->
{{tree list/end}}
{{cob}}