Editing Burushaski (section)

== Varieties ==
Burushaski is spoken by about 120,000 speakers in Pakistan, and also by a few hundred in India.<ref name="npr" /> In Pakistan, it is spoken in three main valleys: [[Yasin Valley|Yasin]], [[Hunza Valley|Hunza]], and [[Nagar Valley|Nagar]]. The varieties of Hunza and Nagar diverge slightly, but are clearly dialects of a single language. The Yasin variety, also known by the Khowar exonym ''Werchikwar'', is much more divergent. Intelligibility between Yasin and Hunza-Nagar is difficult, and Yasin is sometimes considered a distinct language and thought to be the "pure" or "original" Burushaski by the speakers of Yasin valley itself.<ref>Backstrom & Radloff (1992), Anderson (2006)</ref> Yasin is the least affected by [[language contact|contact with neighboring languages]], though speakers are bilingual in [[Khowar language|Khowar]]. Yasin is spoken by a quarter of Burushaski speakers.<ref>Anderson 1997: 1022</ref>

In [[India]], Jammu & Kashmir Burushaski (JKB) "has developed divergent linguistic features which make it systematically different from the varieties spoken in Pakistan."<ref name="2006Munshi">{{cite book|last=Munshi|first=Sadaf |title=Jammu and Kashmir Burushashki: Language, Language Contact, and Change|year=2006|publisher=The University of Texas at Austin |language=en|pages=13, 19}}</ref> The dialect of Burushashki spoken in India has been influenced by [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]], as well as [[Hindi]] and [[Urdu]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Munshi|first=Sadaf |title=Jammu and Kashmir Burushashki: Language, Language Contact, and Change|year=2006|publisher=The University of Texas at Austin |language=en|pages=17–18|quote=Linguistic influence from Urdu on JKB is primarily via second language speakers of Urdu. This is because Urdu is the second language of the people of the state of Jammu & Kashmir. On the other hand, linguistic contact with Kashmiri is mediated through first language or native speakers of Kashmiri. In addition to language contact via spoken interaction, contact with Urdu is also mediated through local media and television. Television is also a source of linguistic influence from Hindi, which is very close to Urdu.}}</ref> Unique to JKB is the features of [[Syncope (phonology)|vowel syncopation]].<ref name="Munshi2006" /> Jammu & Kashmir Burushaski shares more similarities with the dialect spoken in Nagar than with that spoken in Hunza.<ref name="2006Munshi" />  The [[Srinagar]] variety of Burushaski has been known as low toned and is spoken a Kashmiri way of speaking the language.<ref name="Srinagar Burushaski">{{cite book |last1=Munshi |first1=Sadaf |title=Srinagar Burushaski: A Descriptive and Comparative Account with Analyzed Texts |date=2018 |publisher=University of Austin |location=Srinagar |isbn=9789004387898 |page=26 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LKWODwAAQBAJ&q=purgi+language+pakistan}}</ref>  The Srinagar variety of Burushaski has only 300 speakers.