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===Transition to iron=== Though bronze, whose [[Vickers hardness test|Vickers hardness]] is 60β258, is generally harder than [[wrought iron]], with a hardness of 30β80,<ref>''Smithells Metals Reference Book'', 8th Edition, ch. 22</ref> the [[Bronze Age]] gave way to the [[Iron Age]] after a serious disruption of the tin trade: the [[Late Bronze Age collapse|population migrations of around 1200β1100 BCE]] reduced the shipment of tin around the Mediterranean and from Britain, limiting supplies and raising prices.<ref>{{cite web |first=Clayton E. |last=Cramer |url=http://www.claytoncramer.com/unpublished/Iron2.pdf |title=What Caused The Iron Age?|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101228194159/http://www.claytoncramer.com/unpublished/Iron2.pdf |archive-date=2010-12-28 |website=claytoncramer.com |date=10 December 1995}}</ref> As the art of working in iron improved, iron became cheaper and improved in quality. As later cultures advanced from hand-[[wrought iron]] to machine-[[Finery forge|forged iron]] (typically made with [[trip hammer]]s powered by water), blacksmiths also learned how to make [[steel]], which is stronger and harder than bronze and holds a sharper edge longer.<ref>{{cite web |first1=O. D. |last1=Sherby |first2=J. |last2=Wadsworth |url=http://www.llnl.gov/tid/lof/documents/pdf/238547.pdf |title=Ancient Blacksmiths, the Iron Age, Damascus Steels, and Modern Metallurgy |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070626190201/http://www.llnl.gov/tid/lof/documents/pdf/238547.pdf |archive-date=2007-06-26 |series=Thermec 2000 |publisher=U.S. Department of Commerce |location=Las Vegas, Nevada |date=2000 |access-date=24 August 2022}}</ref> Bronze was still used during the Iron Age and has continued in use for many purposes to the modern day.
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