Editing Binaural recording (section)

== Examples of binaural microphones ==

=== Brüel & Kjær Head and Torso Simulators (HATS) ===
[[File:Head and torso simulator.jpg|thumb|Brüel & Kjær head and torso simulator (HATS)]]

Designed to be used in-situ for [[Acoustical engineering|electro-acoustic]] tests on, for example, telephone handsets, headsets, audio conference devices, microphones, headphones, hearing aids and hearing protectors.<ref>{{Cite web |title=High-Frequency Head and Torso Simulator |url=https://www.bksv.com/en/transducers/simulators/head-and-torso/hats-type-5128 |website=Brüel & Kjær |access-date=5 December 2020 }}</ref> It includes soft moulded pinnae, nose, mouth and torso. Using an MRI scanner, Brüel & Kjær and DTU collected the geometries of a large population of human ears. By capturing the full ear canal geometry including the bony part adjoining the eardrum was, this data was post-processed to determine the average human ear canal geometry.<ref>{{Cite web |title=High Frequency HATS, Why? |url=https://www.bksv.com/en/knowledge/blog/sound/high-frequency-hats |access-date=12 May 2020 }}</ref>

=== Neumann KU 100 ===
The Neumann KU 100 is a simple design, with a more abstract representation of a head, and "realistic" ears. It is not customisable. The Neumann is a commonly used binaural microphone and features use by BBC R&D teams.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 2012 |title=Binaural Broadcasting |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/rd/projects/binaural-broadcasting |website=BBC.co.uk |access-date=7 September 2021 }}</ref>

=== G.R.A.S. Head & Torso Simulator KEMAR (HATS) ===
KEMAR was initially invented in collaboration with the audiological industry for the use of hearing aid development, and is still the de facto standard for this industry – however since then the usage of KEMAR has spread into a multitude of other industries like: telecommunications, hearing protection test, automotive development etc. KEMAR is designed using large statistical research to as close to the average human measurements as possible. Torso reflections have been seen to be a considerable contributor to creating a successful binaural recording.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Han |first=H.L. |date=1991 |title=Measuring a Dummy Head in Search of Pinna Cues |url=http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=5627 |journal=Journal of the Audio Engineering Society}}</ref> It has replaceable pinnae of different sizes and materials and sets of different type ear-canal simulators.

=== 3Dio range ===
The 3Dio range of binaural microphones feature two silicone ear (pinna) moulds separated by {{Convert|14|cm|in}}—slightly narrower than many binaural microphones. Microphones are placed inside the ears, and range from Primo EM172 in the Free Space and Free Space XLR models, to DPA 4060s in the Pro II model. The 3Dio range is considerably cheaper than the Neumann KU 100, for example, and used more on a consumer to prosumer level. There is no head mass between the ears, which allows the microphone to be lighter<ref>{{Cite web |title=Free Space XLR Binaural Microphone |url=https://3diosound.com/products/free-space-xlr-binaural-microphone?srsltid=AfmBOoqPjLCQrqPJpr9i8HbTppHR0FPa-Lr-sNd1LJ0L-Go_NUKzNtD1 |website=3Dio |access-date=27 February 2025 }}</ref> and more mobile, compared to other binaural microphones which can often weigh several kilograms.<ref>{{Cite web |title=KU 100 - Dummy Head |url=https://www.neumann.com/en-gb/products/microphones/ku-100 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250222132444/https://www.neumann.com/en-gb/products/microphones/ku-100/ |archive-date=22 February 2025 |website=Neumann.com |access-date=27 February 2025 }}</ref>

=== Sound Professionals SP-TFB-2 and DPA 4560 headset microphone ===
These are both in-ear wearable stereo microphones, used like earphones, placed inside the human pinna. They use the user's pinna and head mass to create the binaural effect.<ref>{{cite web |last=Do |first=Tuan |date=5 April 2016 |title=Sound Professionals SP-TFB-2 Low-Noise In-Ear Binaural Microphones Review |url=http://www.techwalls.com/sound-professionals-in-ear-binaural-microphone-review/ |website=Techwalls }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=4560 Binaural Headset Microphone |url=https://www.dpamicrophones.com/microphones/headset-and-earset/4560?variant=24 |website=DpaMicrophones.com |access-date=27 February 2025 }}</ref>