Editing Bill Evans (section)

=== College, army, sabbatical year ===

{{Quote box |width=380px |align=right |quoted=true |bgcolor=#FFFFF0 |salign=right
|quote =<!--quote from German Wikipedia, somebody please check-->I have always admired your [Magee's] teaching as that rare and amazing combination – exceptional knowledge combined with the ability to bring that same knowledge, that lies deep within the student, to life. You were certainly my biggest inspiration in college, and the seeds of the insights that you have sown, have in practice borne fruit many times over. |source = Bill Evans talking about Gretchen Magee<ref name="petrik" />}}
After high school, in September 1946, Evans attended [[Southeastern Louisiana College]] on a flute scholarship.<ref name="Cramer2009">{{cite book|last=Cramer|first=Alfred W.|title=Musicians and Composers of the 20th Century-Volume 2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r547AQAAIAAJ|access-date=August 10, 2012|date=May 2009|publisher=Salem Press|isbn=978-1-58765-514-2|page=423}}</ref><ref name="DuBose-Smith2005">{{cite book|last=DuBose-Smith|first=Darshell|title=African American Music Instruction Guide for Piano: Children, Beginners, Intermediate & Advanced Students|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zpy2hcX31j0C&pg=PA99|access-date=August 10, 2012|date=June 1, 2005|publisher=Amber Books Publishing|isbn=978-0-9749779-9-7|page=99}}</ref> He studied classical piano interpretation with Louis P. Kohnop, John Venettozzi, and Ronald Stetzel.{{sfn|Pettinger|2002|p=16}} A key figure in Evans's development was Gretchen Magee, whose methods of teaching left a big imprint on his compositional style.

Around his third year in college, Evans composed his first known tune, "Very Early".<ref name="mcpar">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GIfHtPwF8wY  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/GIfHtPwF8wY| archive-date=December 11, 2021 |url-status=live|title=Interview with Marian McParland, late 1970s |via=YouTube |date=July 7, 2008 |access-date=September 13, 2012}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Around that time he also composed a piece called "Peace Piece".<ref name=Pat/> Years later, when asked to play it, he said it was a spontaneous improvisation and didn't know it. He was a founding member of SLU's Delta Omega chapter of [[Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia]], played [[quarterback]] for the fraternity's football team, and played in the college band. In 1950, he performed Beethoven's [[Piano Concerto No. 3 (Beethoven)|Piano Concerto No. 3]] on his senior recital, graduating with a [[Bachelor of Music]] in piano and a bachelor's in music education. Evans regarded his last three years in college as the happiest of his life.{{sfn|Pettinger|2002|pp=16–19}}

[[File:Bill Evans Graduation Concert.jpg|thumb|Program of Evans's graduation concert. April 24, 1950.]]
During college, Evans met guitarist [[Mundell Lowe]], and after graduating, they formed a trio with bassist [[Red Mitchell]]. The three relocated to New York City, but their inability to attract bookings prompted them to leave for [[Calumet City, Illinois]].{{sfn|Pettinger|2002|p=20}} In July 1950, Evans joined [[Herbie Fields]]'s band, based in Chicago. During the summer, the band did a three-month tour backing [[Billie Holiday]], including East Coast appearances at Harlem's [[Apollo Theater]] and shows in Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C. The band included trumpeter [[Jimmy Nottingham]], trombonist [[Frank Rosolino]] and bassist [[Jim Aton]]. Upon its return to Chicago, Evans and Aton worked as a duo in clubs, often backing singer [[Lurlean Hunter]]. Shortly thereafter, Evans received his [[Conscription|draft notice]] and entered the [[U.S. Army]].

During his three-year (1951–54) period in the Army,<ref name="Allmus" /> Evans played flute, piccolo, and piano in the [[United States Army Band|Fifth U.S. Army Band]] at [[Sheridan Reserve Center|Fort Sheridan]]. He hosted a jazz program on the camp radio station and occasionally performed in Chicago clubs, where he met singer [[Lucy Reed]], with whom he became friends and later recorded. He met singer and bassist Bill Scott and Chicago jazz pianist Sam Distefano (his bunkmate in their platoon), both of whom became Evans's close friends. Evans's stay in the Army was traumatic, however, and he had nightmares for years. As people criticized his musical conceptions and playing, he lost confidence for the first time.{{sfn|Pettinger|2002|pp=19–20}} Around 1953, Evans composed his best-known tune, "[[Waltz for Debby (song)|Waltz for Debby]]", for his young niece.{{sfn|Pettinger|2002|p=37}} During this period, he began using recreational drugs, occasionally smoking marijuana.{{sfn|Pettinger|2002|p=61}}

Evans was discharged from the Army in January 1954, and entered a period of seclusion triggered by the harsh criticism he had received. He took a sabbatical year and lived with his parents, where he set up a studio, acquired a grand piano and worked on his technique, believing he lacked the natural fluency of other musicians. He visited his brother, now in [[Baton Rouge, Louisiana]], recently married and working as a conservatory teacher.<ref name="pettinger" />