Editing Beta blocker (section)

==== Acute myocardial infarction ====

Beta blockers are indicated for the treatment of acute [[myocardial infarction]]s. During a myocardial infarction, systemic stress causes an increase in circulating [[catecholamine]]s.<ref name="Safi_2019">{{cite journal | vauthors = Safi S, Sethi NJ, Nielsen EE, Feinberg J, Jakobsen JC, Gluud C | title = Beta-blockers for suspected or diagnosed acute myocardial infarction | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 12 | issue = 12 | pages = CD012484 | date = December 2019 | pmid = 31845756 | pmc = 6915833 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD012484.pub2 | collaboration = Cochrane Heart Group }}</ref><ref name="Farzam_2023">{{cite book | vauthors = Farzam K, Jan A | chapter = Beta Blockers |date=2023 |chapter-url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532906/ | title = StatPearls |access-date=2023-10-31 |place=Treasure Island (FL) |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=30422501 }}</ref> This results an increase in heart rate and blood pressure, therefore increasing myocardial oxygen demand.<ref name="Farzam_2023" /><ref name="Safi_2019" /> Beta blockers competitively inhibit catecholamines acting on the β<sub>1</sub>-adrenergic receptors, thus reducing these detrimental effects and resulting in reduced myocardial oxygen consumption and demand.<ref name="Safi_2019" />

A 2019 Cochrane review compared beta blockers with [[placebo]] or no intervention, it found that beta blockers probably reduced the short-term risk of reinfarction and the long-term risk of [[all-cause mortality]] and cardiovascular mortality.<ref name="Safi_2019" /> The review identified that beta blockers likely had little to no impact on short-term all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality.<ref name="Safi_2019" />