Editing Barrington, Illinois (section)

===19th century===
By treaty dated September 26, 1833, ending the [[Black Hawk War]], the Ojibwe, Ottawa and Potawatomi tribes ceded to the United States all lands from the west shore of [[Lake Michigan]] west to the area that the [[Ho-Chunk|Winnebago]] tribe ceded in 1832, north to the area that the [[Menominee]]s had previously ceded to the United States, and south to the area previously ceded by an 1829 treaty at [[Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin|Prairie du Chien]], a total of approximately {{convert|5000000|acre|km2}}.<ref name="BarLibIndianTreaty">{{cite web| author=Lines, Arnett C.| title=Indian Defeats and Treaties| url= http://www.barringtonarealibrary.org/LocalHistory/LinesHistory/part1.htm#INDIAN%20DEFEATS%20AND%20TREATIES| work=Barrington Area History| publisher=Barrington Area Library| access-date = May 1, 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071108010020/http://www.barringtonarealibrary.org/LocalHistory/LinesHistory/part1.htm#INDIAN%20DEFEATS%20AND%20TREATIES |archive-date = November 8, 2007}}</ref> Through this treaty, the [[Sauk people|Sauk]], [[Meskwaki]], Winnebago, Ojibwe, Ottawa and Pottawatomi tribes ceded all title to the area east of the [[Mississippi River]]. Between 1833 and 1835, the U.S. government paid approximately $100,000 in annuities and grants to the Potawatomi, Ottawa, and Ojibwe tribes, presumably as payment for the land.<ref name="BarLibIndianTreaty"/>

Following this treaty, pioneers traveled from [[Troy, New York]], via [[Fort Dearborn]] (now the city of Chicago) to live in [[Cuba Township, Lake County, Illinois|Cuba Township]] in [[Lake County, Illinois|Lake County]].<ref name="ChiEncyBar">{{cite encyclopedia| title=Barrington, IL| url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/112.html| encyclopedia=The Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago |publisher=Chicago Historical Society| access-date=May 2, 2009}}</ref><ref name="VilBarHist">{{cite web |title=Barrington's History |url=http://www.barrington-il.gov/index.aspx?page=169 |work=Village of Barrington, Illinois |publisher=Village of Barrington |access-date=July 26, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920152118/http://www.barrington-il.gov/index.aspx?page=169 |archive-date=September 20, 2011  }}</ref> The first [[white people|white]] [[American pioneer|pioneers]] known to have settled in Barrington township were Jesse F. Miller and William Van Orsdal of [[Steuben County, New York]], who arrived in 1834, before the three-year period which had been given the Native Americans to vacate the region, and before local land surveys.<ref name="BarLibStlmnt">{{cite web| author=Lines, Arnett C.| title=Settlement around Barrington Center| url=http://www.barringtonarealibrary.org/LocalHistory/LinesHistory/part1.htm#SETTLEMENT%20AROUND%20BARRINGTON%20CENTER| work=Barrington Area History| publisher=Barrington Area Library| access-date=May 2, 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071108010020/http://www.barringtonarealibrary.org/LocalHistory/LinesHistory/part1.htm#SETTLEMENT%20AROUND%20BARRINGTON%20CENTER |archive-date = November 8, 2007}}</ref>  Other Yankee settlers from Vermont and New York settled in what is now the northwest corner of [[Cook County, Illinois|Cook County]].<ref name="ChiEncyBar"/><ref name="VilBarHist"/>

The combined settlement of these pioneers, located at the intersection of [[Illinois Route 68]] and Sutton Road, was originally called Miller Grove due to the number of families with that surname<ref name="TwnshpOrg">{{cite web| author=Lines, Arnett C.| title=Townships are Organized| url=http://www.barringtonarealibrary.org/LocalHistory/LinesHistory/part1.htm#TOWNSHIPS%20ARE%20ORGANIZED| work=Barrington Area History| publisher=Barrington Area Library| access-date=May 2, 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071108010020/http://www.barringtonarealibrary.org/LocalHistory/LinesHistory/part1.htm#TOWNSHIPS%20ARE%20ORGANIZED |archive-date = November 8, 2007}}</ref> but later renamed Barrington Center<ref name="VilBarHist"/><ref name="VilBarComHst">{{cite web| title=History of Barrington| url=http://www.ci.barrington.il.us/Community/HistoryOfBarrington.html| work=Community Information| publisher=The Village of Barrington| access-date=May 2, 2009| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090407034707/http://www.ci.barrington.il.us/Community/HistoryOfBarrington.html| archive-date=April 7, 2009| url-status=dead| df=mdy-all}}</ref> because it "centered" both ways from the present [[Illinois State Route 59|Sutton Road]] and from Algonquin and Higgins roads.<ref name="BarLibStlmnt"/> Although residents and historians agree that the name Barrington was taken from [[Great Barrington, Massachusetts|Great Barrington]] in [[Berkshire County, Massachusetts]],<ref name="ChiEncyBar"/> and that many settlers immigrated to the area from Berkshire County, there is currently no evidence that settlers emigrated from Great Barrington itself.<ref name="TwnshpOrg"/> In addition, several original settlers, including Miller, Van Orsdal, and John W. Seymour, emigrated from [[Steuben County, New York]],<ref name="BarLibIndianTreaty"/> which also features a town named [[Barrington, New York|Barrington]] founded in 1822. However, it is currently unknown whether any settlers emigrated from Barrington, New York, itself or whether the New York settlement influenced the naming of Barrington, Illinois.<!--What a coincidence, though! More original research needed.-->

[[File:Barrington IL Train Station.jpg|thumb|left|Barrington train station for the [[Union Pacific/Northwest Line|Metra]] train line from [[Harvard, Illinois]] to [[Ogilvie Transportation Center]]]]

Much of the history of Barrington since its settlement parallels the development of railroad lines from the port facilities in Chicago. In 1854, the [[Chicago and North Western Transportation Company]], now known as the [[Union Pacific Northwest Line]], led by [[William Butler Ogden]], extended the train line to the northwest corner of [[Cook County, Illinois|Cook County]] and built a station named Deer Grove.<ref name="ChiEncyBar"/>

In 1854, Robert Campbell, a civil engineer who worked for the railroad, purchased a farm {{convert|2|mi|0}} northwest of the Deer Grove station and platted a community on the property.<ref name="ChiEncyBar"/><ref name="VilBarHist"/> Deer Grove residents protested, and at Campbell's request, the railroad later moved the Deer Grove station near its current location, which Campbell named Barrington after Barrington Center.<ref name="ChiEncyBar"/><ref name="VilBarHist"/> In 1855, the village's first [[lumber]] facility began operations on Franklin Street.<ref name="VilBarHist"/>

By 1863, population growth during the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] era increased the number of Barrington residents to 300. In order to provide a tax mechanism to finance improvements, Barrington submitted its request for incorporation in 1863.<ref name="VilBarHist"/> Delays due to the Civil War resulted in the appropriate incorporation deeds not returning to Barrington for nearly two years.<ref name="VilHistPlaces">{{cite web |author=Village of Barrington |title=Historic Places |url=http://www.barrington-il.gov/index.aspx?page=271 |publisher=Village of Barrington |access-date=July 27, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920162303/http://www.barrington-il.gov/index.aspx?page=271 |archive-date=September 20, 2011  }}</ref> The Illinois legislature granted Barrington's charter on February 16, 1865.<ref name="ChiEncyBar"/><ref name="VilHistPlaces"/> The Village held its first Board meeting on March 20, 1865, and appointed resident Homer Wilmarth as Mayor for one year.<ref name="ChiEncyBar"/><ref name="VilHistPlaces"/>

In 1866, resident Milius B. McIntosh became the first elected Village President.<ref name="VilHistPlaces"/>

In 1889, the [[Elgin, Joliet and Eastern Railway]] (the "EJ&E") was built through Barrington, crossing what is now the Union Pacific/Northwest Line northwest of town.<ref name="ChiEncyBar"/>  In the late 19th century, a series of fires damaged numerous downtown buildings.  In 1890, fire swept along the north side of East [[Lake Cook Road|Main Street]] east of what is now the Union Pacific/Northwest Line, destroying several buildings.<ref name="VilHistPlaces"/> In 1893, another fire destroyed most of the block that is now Park Avenue, and in 1898 a fire destroyed several buildings along the north side of Main Street from [[Illinois State Route 59|Hough Street]] to the Northwest Line railroad tracks.<ref name="VilHistPlaces"/> As a result of these fires, residents replaced the burned frame structures with more substantial brick and stone buildings, many of which remain in use today (albeit with substantially altered [[facade]]s).<ref name="VilHistPlaces"/>