Editing Australian English (section)

===Vowels===
[[File:Australian English vowel chart.svg|thumb|right|Australian English monophthongs<ref name="coxflet2017">{{citation |last1=Cox |first1=Felicity|last2=Fletcher|first2=Janet |year=2017|orig-year=First published 2012 |title=Australian English Pronunciation and Transcription |edition=2nd |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-316-63926-9 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ZBs3DwAAQBAJ }}</ref>]]
[[File:Australian English diphthong chart - part 1.svg|thumb|right|Part 1 of Australian English diphthongs<ref name="coxflet2017" />]]
[[File:Australian English diphthong chart - part 2.svg|thumb|right|Part 2 of Australian English diphthongs<ref name="coxflet2017" />]]

The vowels of Australian English can be divided according to length. The long vowels, which include [[monophthong]]s and [[diphthong]]s, mostly correspond to the [[tense vowel]]s used in analyses of [[Received Pronunciation]] (RP) as well as its centring diphthongs. The short vowels, consisting only of monophthongs, correspond to the RP lax vowels.

There exist pairs of long and short vowels with overlapping vowel quality giving Australian English [[vowel length|phonemic length distinction]], which is also present in some regional south-eastern dialects of the UK and eastern seaboard dialects in the US.<ref>{{cite web|first=Robert| last=Mannell |url=http://clas.mq.edu.au/speech/phonetics/phonetics/ausenglish/impressionistic.html |title=Australian English – Impressionistic Phonetic Studies |publisher=Clas.mq.edu.au|date=14 August 2009|access-date=26 July 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110706114743/http://clas.mq.edu.au/speech/phonetics/phonetics/ausenglish/impressionistic.html| archive-date= 6 July 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> An example of this feature is the distinction between ''ferry'' {{IPA|/ˈfeɹiː/}} and ''fairy'' {{IPA|/ˈfeːɹiː/}}.

As with New Zealand English and General American English, the [[weak-vowel merger]] is complete in Australian English: unstressed {{IPA|/ɪ/}} is merged into {{IPA|/ə/}} ([[schwa]]), unless it is followed by a velar consonant. Examples of this feature are the following pairings, which are pronounced identically in Australian English: ''Rosa's'' and ''roses'', as well as ''Lennon'' and ''Lenin''. Other examples are the following pairs, which rhyme in Australian English: ''abbott'' with ''rabbit'', and ''dig it'' with ''bigot''.

Most varieties of Australian English exhibit only a partial [[trap-bath split]]. The words ''bath'', ''grass'' and ''can't'' are always pronounced with the "long" {{IPA|/ɐː/}} of ''father''. Throughout the majority of the country, the "flat" {{IPA|/æ/}} of ''man'' is the dominant pronunciation for the ''a'' vowel in the following words: ''dance'', ''advance'', ''plant'', ''example'' and ''answer''. The exception is the state of [[South Australia]], where a more advanced trap-bath split is found, and where the dominant pronunciation of all the preceding words incorporates the "long" {{IPA|/ɐː/}} of ''father''.

{|class=wikitable
|-
! colspan="4" |monophthongs
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |diphthongs
|-
! colspan="2" |short vowels
! colspan="2" |long vowels
|-
! valign="top" align="center" |IPA
!examples
! valign="top" align="center" |IPA
!examples
! valign="top" align="center" |IPA
!examples
|-
|{{IPA|ʊ}}
|''f'''oo'''t'', ''h'''oo'''d'', ''ch'''oo'''k''
|ʉː<ref group="nb">The vowel /ʉː/ is diphthongised in all the major Australian accents; in General Australian, the most widespread Australian accent, the vowel is pronounced as [ɪ̈ɯ]. See [[Australian English phonology]] for a more detailed analysis.</ref>
|''g'''oo'''se'', ''b'''oo''''', ''wh'''o''''d''
|{{IPA|ɪə}}
|''n'''ear''''', ''b'''ear'''d'', ''h'''ear'''''<ref group="nb">The boundary between monophthongs and diphthongs is somewhat fluid: {{IPA|/ɪə/}}, for example, is commonly realised as {{IPA|[ɪː]}}, particularly in closed syllables, though also found in open syllables such as ''we're'', ''here'', and so on. In open syllables particularly, the pronunciation varies from the bisyllabic {{IPA|[ɪːa]}}, through the diphthong {{IPA|[ɪə]}}, to the long vowel {{IPA|[ɪː]}}.</ref>
|-
|ɪ
|''k'''i'''t'', ''b'''i'''d'', ''h'''i'''d'',
|{{IPA|iː}}<ref group="nb">The vowel /iː/ has an onset [ɪi̯], except before laterals. The onset is often lowered to [əi], so that "beat" is [bəit] for some speakers.</ref>
|''fl'''ee'''ce'', ''b'''ea'''d'', ''h'''ea'''t''
|{{IPA|æɔ}}
|''m'''ou'''th'', ''b'''owe'''d'', ''h'''ow'<nowiki/>'''d''
|-
|e/ɛ
|''dr'''e'''ss'', ''l'''e'''d'', ''h'''ea'''d''
|{{IPA|eː}}/ɛː
|''squ'''are''''', ''b'''are'''d'', ''h'''aire'''d''
|{{IPA|əʉ}}
|''g'''oa'''t'', ''b'''o'''d'''e''''', ''h'''oe'''d''
|-
|ə
|''comm'''a''''', '''''a'''bout'', ''wint'''er'''''
|{{IPA|ɜː}}
|''n'''ur'''se'', ''b'''ir'''d'', ''h'''ear'''d''
|{{IPA|æɪ}}
|''f'''a'''ce'', ''b'''ai'''t'', ''m'''a'''de''
|-
|{{IPA|æ}}
|''tr'''a'''p'', ''l'''a'''d'', ''h'''a'''d''
|æː
|b'''a'''d, s'''a'''d, m'''a'''d
|{{IPA|ɑe}}
|''pr'''i'''ce'', ''b'''i'''te'', ''h'''i'''de''
|-
|{{IPA|ɐ}}
|''str'''u'''t'', ''b'''u'''d'', ''h'''u'''d''
|{{IPA|ɐː}}
|''st'''ar'''t'', ''p'''al'''m'', ''b'''a'''th''
|{{IPA|oɪ}}
|''ch'''oi'''ce'', ''b'''oy''''', '''''oi'''l''
|-
|{{IPA|ɔ}}
|''l'''o'''t'', ''cl'''o'''th'', ''h'''o'''t''
|oː
|''th'''ou'''ght'', ''n'''or'''th'', ''f'''or'''ce''
|
|
|-
| colspan="6" |{{reflist|group=nb}}
|}