Editing Arts and Crafts movement (section)

===A. W. N. Pugin===
[[File:The Grange, Ramsgate 1.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|right|[[Augustus Pugin|Pugin]]'s house "The Grange" in [[Ramsgate]], from 1843. Its simplified Gothic style, adapted to domestic building, helped shape the architecture of the Arts and Crafts movement.]]

Some of the ideas of the movement were anticipated by [[Augustus Pugin]] (1812–1852), a leader in the [[Gothic Revival architecture|Gothic Revival in architecture]]. For example, he advocated truth to material, structure, and function, as did the Arts and Crafts artists.<ref name=V&A /> Pugin articulated the tendency of social critics to compare the faults of modern society with the Middle Ages,<ref name=hill>Rosemary Hill, ''God's Architect: Pugin and the Building of Romantic Britain'', London: Allen Lane, 2007</ref> such as the sprawling growth of cities and the treatment of the poor – a tendency that became routine with Ruskin, Morris, and the Arts and Crafts movement. His book ''Contrasts'' (1836) drew examples of bad modern buildings and town planning in contrast with good medieval examples, and his biographer [[Rosemary Hill]] notes that he "reached conclusions, almost in passing, about the importance of craftsmanship and tradition in architecture that it would take the rest of the century and the combined efforts of Ruskin and Morris to work out in detail." She describes the spare furnishings which he specified for a building in 1841, "rush chairs, oak tables", as "the Arts and Crafts interior in embryo."<ref name=hill />