Editing Art Garfunkel (section)

===Simon and Garfunkel===
{{Main|Simon & Garfunkel}}
[[File:Simon and Garfunkel Madison Square Garden 1972.jpg|alt=Art Garfunkel and Paul Simon singing on stage at Madison Square Garden in 1972. |thumb|upright=1.3|Garfunkel with Paul Simon at Madison Square Garden, 1972]]
In 1963, Garfunkel and Simon (who graduated from [[Queens College]] before dropping out of [[Brooklyn Law School]]) reformed their duo under their own names as "Simon and Garfunkel". They released their first album, ''[[Wednesday Morning, 3 A.M.]]'' on [[Columbia Records]] in October 1964.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Simon & Garfunkel: Wednesday Morning, 3AM – Album Cover Location |url=http://www.popspotsnyc.com/simonandgarfunkel/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128132359/https://www.popspotsnyc.com/simonandgarfunkel/ |archive-date=January 28, 2021 |access-date=July 25, 2014 |publisher=Popspotsnyc.com}}</ref> It was not a critical or commercial success, and the duo split. The next year, producer [[Tom Wilson (record producer)|Tom Wilson]] lifted the song "[[The Sound of Silence]]" from the record, dubbed an electric backing onto it,<ref name="Wednesday Morning, 3 A.M.">{{Cite web |last=Bruce Eder |title=Wednesday Morning, 3 A.M. |url=http://allmusic.com/album/wednesday-morning-3-am-r17998/review |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222190643/https://www.allmusic.com/album/wednesday-morning-3-am-mw0000191731 |archive-date=February 22, 2023 |access-date=May 4, 2011 |website=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref> and released it as a single that went to number one on the ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' pop charts.

Simon had gone to the United Kingdom in 1965 after the initial failure of ''Wednesday Morning, 3 A.M.'', to pursue a solo career. He briefly teamed with songwriter [[Bruce Woodley]] of [[The Seekers]]. After "The Sound of Silence" had started to enjoy commercial success, he returned to the US to reunite with Garfunkel. The duo recorded four more influential albums: ''[[Sounds of Silence]]''; ''[[Parsley, Sage, Rosemary and Thyme]]''; ''[[Bookends (album)|Bookends]]''; and the hugely successful ''[[Bridge over Troubled Water]]''.

They contributed to the soundtrack of the 1967 [[Mike Nichols]] film ''[[The Graduate]]'' (starring [[Dustin Hoffman]] and [[Anne Bancroft]]). While writing "[[Mrs. Robinson]]", Simon originally considered the title "Mrs. Roosevelt".<ref name="Mrs. Roosevelt">{{Cite web |title=Mrs. Robinson by Simon & Garfunkel |url=http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=1283 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614063544/http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=1283 |archive-date=June 14, 2011 |access-date=May 4, 2011 |website=Songfacts}}</ref> When Garfunkel reported this indecision over the song's name to the director, Nichols replied, "Don't be ridiculous! We're making a movie here! It's Mrs. Robinson!"<ref>{{Cite AV media notes |title=Old Friends |title-link=Old Friends (1997 Simon and Garfunkel album) |others=[[Simon & Garfunkel]] |year=1997 |first=David |last=Fricke |author-link=David Fricke |type=Liner notes |publisher=[[Columbia Records|Columbia]]/[[Legacy Recordings]]}}</ref>
Simon & Garfunkel traveled together to England in the fall of 1968. They made a concert appearance at Kraft Hall, which was broadcast on the BBC and featured Garfunkel's solo performance of "[[For Emily, Whenever I May Find Her]]". He received a standing ovation.

While Garfunkel was not a songwriter, he did write the poem "Canticle" as a re-write of Simon's "Side of A Hill" from his debut album, for "[[Scarborough Fair/Canticle]]".<ref name="Side of a hill">{{Cite web |title=Paul Simon |url=http://www.paul-simon.info/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430084427/http://paul-simon.info/ |archive-date=April 30, 2011 |access-date=May 4, 2011 |website=Paul-Simon.info}}</ref> He worked as the vocal arranger for the duo, working out by whom the songs would be sung and how each song was produced. He is also credited as having written the arrangement on "[[The Boxer]]" and creating "Voices of Old People" (an audio montage) on ''[[Bookends (album)|Bookends]]''.

Citing personal differences and divergence in career interests, they split following the release of their most critically acclaimed album, ''Bridge over Troubled Water'', in 1970. Each pursued solo projects after 1970. They occasionally reunited, as in 1975 for their Top Ten single "[[My Little Town]]", which Simon originally wrote for Garfunkel, claiming Garfunkel's solo output was lacking "bite". The song was included on their respective solo albums: Simon's ''[[Still Crazy After All These Years]]'' and Garfunkel's ''[[Breakaway (Art Garfunkel album)|Breakaway]]''. Contrary to popular belief, the song is not autobiographical of Simon's early life but of Garfunkel's childhood in Queens.<ref>"The Boy in the Bubble" by Patrick Humphries, page 96.</ref> In 1981, they got together again for a [[The Concert in Central Park|concert in Central Park]], followed by a world tour and an aborted reunion album ''Think Too Much'', which was eventually released, by Simon without Garfunkel, as ''[[Hearts and Bones]]''. They were inducted into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]] in 1990.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Simon and Garfunkel – Rock & Roll Hall of Fame |url=https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/simon-and-garfunkel |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817152416/https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/simon-and-garfunkel |archive-date=August 17, 2021 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |website=RockHall.com}}</ref>

In 2003, they reunited when they received a [[Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award]], leading to a US tour: the acclaimed "Old Friends" concert series. It was followed by another in 2004, which culminated in a free concert at the [[Colosseum]] in Rome. The concert drew 600,000 people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Paul Simon News on Yahoo! Music |url=http://music.yahoo.com/read/news/12175339 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050404201404/http://music.yahoo.com/read/news/12175339 |archive-date=April 4, 2005 |website=[[Yahoo! Music]]}}</ref>