Editing Art Deco (section)

===New materials and technologies===
New materials and technologies, especially [[reinforced concrete]], were key to the development and appearance of Art Deco. The first concrete house was built in 1853 in the Paris suburbs by François Coignet. In 1877 [[Joseph Monier]] introduced the idea of strengthening the concrete with a mesh of iron rods in a grill pattern. In 1893, [[Auguste Perret]] built the first concrete garage in Paris, then an apartment building, house, then, in 1913, the [[Théâtre des Champs-Élysées]]. The theatre was denounced by one critic as the "Zeppelin of Avenue Montaigne", an alleged Germanic influence, copied from the [[Vienna Secession]]. Thereafter, the majority of Art Deco buildings were made of reinforced concrete, which gave greater freedom of form and less need for reinforcing pillars and columns. Perret was also a pioneer in covering the concrete with [[ceramic tile]]s, both for protection and decoration. The architect [[Le Corbusier]] first learned the uses of reinforced concrete working as a draftsman in Perret's studio.{{sfn|Cabanne|1986|page=225}}

Other new technologies that were important to Art Deco were new methods in producing [[plate glass]], which was less expensive and allowed much larger and stronger windows, and for mass-producing [[Aluminium alloy|aluminium]], which was used for building and window frames and later, by Corbusier, [[Warren McArthur]], and others, for lightweight furniture.