Editing Archimedes' screw (section)

===Archimedes' role===
The screw pump was later introduced from Hellenistic Egypt to Greece.<ref name="Stewart"/> It was described by [[Archimedes]],<ref name="Oleson 2000 242–251">{{harvnb|Oleson|2000|pp=242–251}}</ref> on the occasion of his visit to [[Egypt]], circa 234&nbsp;BC.<ref name="Haven">{{cite book   | last = Haven| first = Kendall F.| title = One hundred greatest science inventions of all time| publisher = Libraries Unlimited| year = 2006| location = USA | pages = 6–| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=0gBwjLTUzEMC&q=screw+history+invented&pg=PA7| isbn = 1-59158-264-4}}</ref> This tradition may reflect only that the apparatus was unknown to the Greeks before [[Hellenistic period|Hellenistic]] times.<ref name="Oleson 2000 242–251"/> [[Athenaeus|Athenaeus of Naucratis]] quotes a certain Moschion in a description on how [[Hiero II of Syracuse]] commissioned the design of the ''[[Syracusia]]'', a luxury ship which would be a display of [[Navy|naval power]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Casson|first=Lionel|author-link=Lionel Casson|title=Ships and Seamanship in the Ancient World|year=1971|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-03536-9|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/shipsseamanshipi0000cass}}</ref> It is said to have been the largest ship built in [[classical antiquity]] and was launched by Archimedes who designed device with a revolving screw-shaped blade inside a cylinder to remove any potential water leaking through the hull.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Athenaeus, The Deipnosophists, BOOK V., chapter 40 |url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2013.01.0003:book=5:chapter=pos=377 |access-date=7 March 2023 |website=www.perseus.tufts.edu |archive-date=15 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230315173413/https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2013.01.0003:book=5:chapter=pos=377 |url-status=live }}</ref> Archimedes' screw was turned by hand, and could also be used to transfer water from a low-lying body of water into irrigation canals.<ref>{{cite web|title=''Sennacherib, Archimedes, and the Water Screw: The Context of Invention in the Ancient World''|author=[[Stephanie Dalley|Dalley, Stephanie]]|author2=[[John Peter Oleson|Oleson, John Peter]]|publisher=Technology and Culture Volume 44, Number 1, January 2003 (PDF)|url=http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/technology_and_culture/toc/tech44.1.html|access-date=23 July 2007|archive-date=16 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716073935/http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/technology_and_culture/toc/tech44.1.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Archimedes' screw&nbsp;– Optimal Design|author=Rorres, Chris|publisher=Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences|url=http://www.cs.drexel.edu/~crorres/Archimedes/Screw/optimal/optimal.html|access-date=23 July 2007|archive-date=22 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120722060450/https://www.cs.drexel.edu/~crorres/Archimedes/Screw/optimal/optimal.html|url-status=live}}</ref> 

Archimedes never claimed credit for its invention, but it was attributed to him 200 years later by [[Diodorus]], who believed that Archimedes invented the screw pump in Egypt.<ref name="Stewart"/> Depictions of [[Ancient Greece|Greek]] and [[Roman Empire|Roman]] water screws show them being powered by a human treading on the outer casing to turn the entire apparatus as one piece, which would require that the casing be rigidly attached to the screw.