Editing Apollo 13 (section)

== Mission insignia and call signs ==
[[File:Apollo 13 Flown Silver Robbins Medallion (SN-354).jpg|thumb|alt=see caption|Apollo 13 flown silver [[NASA space-flown Gemini and Apollo medallions|Robbins medallion]]]]

The Apollo&nbsp;13 mission insignia depicts the Greek god of the Sun, [[Apollo]], with three horses pulling his chariot across the face of the Moon, and the Earth seen in the distance. This is meant to symbolize the Apollo flights bringing the light of knowledge to all people. The mission motto, ''Ex luna, scientia'' ("From the Moon, knowledge"), appears. In choosing it, Lovell adapted the motto of his alma mater, the Naval Academy, ''Ex scientia, tridens'' ("From knowledge, sea power").{{sfn|Lovell & Kluger|2000|p=81}}{{sfn|Orloff|2000|p=283}}

On the patch, the mission number appeared in [[Roman numerals]] as Apollo XIII. It did not have to be modified after Swigert replaced Mattingly, as it is one of only two Apollo mission insignia{{snd}}the other being Apollo 11{{snd}}not to include the names of the crew. It was designed by artist [[Lumen Martin Winter]], who based it on a mural he had painted for the [[St. Regis New York|St. Regis Hotel]] in New York City.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/36238158/daily_news/|title=Astros Wear Badge of Apollo|last1=Crafton|first1=Jean|date=April 12, 1970|page=105|newspaper=Daily News|location=New York City|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> The mural was later purchased by actor [[Tom Hanks]],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/suburbs/lake-county-news-sun/ct-lns-moran-lovell-stories-st-1003-20151002-story.html|title=Apollo 13 astronaut Jim Lovell shares stories about Tom Hanks, Ron Howard|last1=Moran|first1=Dan|date=October 2, 2015|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|access-date=April 11, 2020}}</ref> who portrayed Lovell in the movie ''[[Apollo&nbsp;13 (film)|Apollo&nbsp;13]]'', and it is now in the [[Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center]] in Illinois.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://chicagotribune.newspapers.com/clip/36239172/chicago_tribune/|title=Namesake Brings Personal Touch to Lovell Center Fete|last1=Moran|first1=Dan|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|date=October 2, 2015|page=1|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

The mission's motto was in Lovell's mind when he chose the call sign ''Aquarius'' for the lunar module, taken from [[Aquarius (constellation)|Aquarius]], the bringer of water.{{sfn|Chaikin|1995|p=291}}{{sfn|Lovell & Kluger|2000|p=87}} Some in the media erroneously reported that the call sign was taken from [[Aquarius/Let the Sunshine In|a song by that name]] from the musical ''[[Hair (musical)|Hair]]''.{{sfn|Lovell & Kluger|2000|p=87}}{{sfn|Lattimer|1988|p=77}} The command module's call sign, ''Odyssey'', was chosen not only for its [[Odyssey|Homeric association]] but to refer to the recent film, ''[[2001: A Space Odyssey]]'', based on [[The Sentinel (short story)|a short story]] by [[science fiction]] author [[Arthur C. Clarke]].{{sfn|Chaikin|1995|p=291}} In his book, Lovell indicated he chose the name ''Odyssey'' because he liked the word and its definition: a long voyage with many changes of fortune.{{sfn|Lovell & Kluger|2000|p=87}}

Due to the accident and the last minute crew change of Jack Swigert replacing Ken Mattingly three days prior to launch, the Apollo 13 [[Robbins medallions]] flown aboard the mission were melted down and reminted after the mission to reflect the correct crew, and the absence of a lunar landing date.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Medal, Robbins, Commemorative, Apollo 13 {{!}} National Air and Space Museum |url=https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/medal-robbins-commemorative-apollo-13/nasm_A19850166000 |access-date=2024-06-15 |website=airandspace.si.edu |language=en}}</ref>