Editing Aotearoa (section)

==Usage==
It is not known when Māori began incorporating the name into their [[oral lore]]. Beginning in 1845, [[George Grey]], [[Governor-General of New Zealand|Governor of New Zealand]], spent some years amassing information from Māori regarding their legends and histories. He translated it into English, and in 1855 published a book called ''Polynesian Mythology and Ancient Traditional History of the New Zealand Race''. In a reference to [[Māui (Māori mythology)|Māui]], the [[culture hero]], Grey's translation from the Māori reads as follows:

{{blockquote|Thus died this Maui we have spoken of; but before he died he had children, and sons were born to him; some of his descendants yet live in [[Hawaiki]], some in ''Aotearoa'' (or in these islands); the greater part of his descendants remained in Hawaiki, but a few of them came here to ''Aotearoa''.<ref>{{cite web
 |url          = http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-GrePoly-c1-2.html
 |title        = Polynesian Mythology and Ancient Traditional History of the New Zealand Race
 |last         = Grey
 |first        = Sir George
 |publisher    = New Zealand Texts Collection, Victoria University of Wellington
 |access-date  = 27 April 2013
 |archive-date = 11 November 2012
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20121111143446/http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-GrePoly-c1-2.html
 |url-status   = live
}}</ref>}}

[[File:ElsdonBest and PercySmith 1908.jpg|thumb|left|[[Elsdon Best]] and [[Percy Smith (ethnologist)|Stephenson Percy Smith]] of the Polynesian Society, who did much to popularise the use of ''Aotearoa'' in Edwardian school books, pictured in 1908]]
The use of ''Aotearoa'' to refer to the whole country is a post-colonial custom.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Holmes |first1=Paul |title=Michael King talks moa, flightless geese and the name Aotearoa – 1ZB Interview with Michael King – co-recipient of the inaugural Prime Minister's Awards for literary achievement. |url=https://www.thebigidea.nz/node/167772 |website=The Big Idea |access-date=14 March 2021 |date=10 October 2003 |quote=The other thing you talk about in your book is the word, the name "Aotearoa" and you say that in fact pre European, Maori did not actually call this place Aotearoa?  King: There were some Maori tribes that had a tradition that the North Island had been called Aotea and Aotearoa but the two writers who popularised the Aotearoa name and the story of Kupe associated with it, were a man called Stephenson Percy-Smith and William Pember-Reeves and in a school journal in particular, it went into every school in the country in the early 20th century, they used Percy-Smith's material and the story about Kupe and Aotearoa said this is a wonderful name and its a wonderful story, wouldn't it be great if everybody called New Zealand, Aotearoa. And the result was that Maori children went to school.. We had a pretty extensive education system both in general schools and in the native school system.. And they learnt at school that the Maori name of New Zealand was Aotearoa and that's how it became the Maori name. |archive-date=13 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210313175340/https://www.thebigidea.nz/node/167772 |url-status=live }}</ref> Before the period of contact with Europeans, Māori did not have a commonly used name for the entire [[List of islands of New Zealand|New Zealand archipelago]]. As late as the 1890s the name was used in reference to the North Island (''Te Ika-a-Māui'') only; an example of this usage appeared in the first issue of ''Huia Tangata Kotahi'', a Māori-language newspaper published on 8 February 1893. It contained the dedication on the front page, "''He perehi tenei mo nga iwi Maori, katoa, o Aotearoa, mete Waipounamu''",<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.nzdl.org/gsdlmod?e=d-00000-00---off-0niupepa--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1lpa--11-mi-50---20-about-Huia+tangata+kotahi+aotearoa--00-0-41-00-0--4----0-0-11-00-0utfZz-8-00&cl=&d=34_1_1.1&gg=full| title= Huia Tangata Kotahi| publisher= New Zealand Digital Library, University of Waikato.| access-date= 7 April 2019| archive-date= 7 November 2017| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171107110825/http://www.nzdl.org/gsdlmod?e=d-00000-00---off-0niupepa--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1lpa--11-mi-50---20-about-Huia+tangata+kotahi+aotearoa--00-0-41-00-0--4----0-0-11-00-0utfZz-8-00&cl=&d=34_1_1.1&gg=full| url-status= live}}</ref> meaning "This is a publication for the Māori tribes of the North Island and the South Island".

After the adoption of the name New Zealand ([[anglicisation|anglicised]] from ''Nova Zeelandia''<ref name="NZ name">{{cite encyclopedia|first=Malcolm|last=McKinnon|author-link=Malcolm McKinnon|title=Place names – Naming the country and the main islands|encyclopedia=Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand|date=November 2009|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/place-names/1|access-date=24 January 2011|archive-date=13 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613111940/https://teara.govt.nz/en/place-names/page-1|url-status=live}}</ref>) by Europeans, one name used by Māori to denote the country as a whole was ''Niu Tireni'',<ref>{{cite book |editor-last1=Robinson |editor-first1=Roger |editor-last2=Nelson |editor-first2=Wattie |chapter=Niu Tirani |title=The Oxford Companion to New Zealand Literature |year=1998 |publication-date=1998 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |doi=10.1093/acref/9780195583489.001.0001 |isbn=9780195583489}}</ref>{{refn|name=spelling|group=note|The spelling varies, for example, the variant ''Nu Tirani'' appears in the Māori version of the [[Declaration of Independence of New Zealand]] and the [[Treaty of Waitangi]]. Whatever the spelling, this name is now rarely used as Māori no longer favour the use of transliterations from English.}} a [[respelling]] of New Zealand derived from an approximate pronunciation.

The expanded meaning of ''Aotearoa'' among ''[[Pākehā]]'' became commonplace in the late 19th century. ''Aotearoa'' was used for the name of New Zealand in the 1878 translation of "[[God Defend New Zealand]]", by Judge [[Thomas Henry Smith (poet)|Thomas Henry Smith]] of the Native Land Court<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.mch.govt.nz/nz-identity-heritage/national-anthems/history-god-defend-new-zealand| title= History of God Defend New Zealand| publisher= Ministry for Culture and Heritage.| date= 27 October 2011| access-date= 26 September 2012| archive-date= 20 October 2012| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121020101938/http://www.mch.govt.nz/nz-identity-heritage/national-anthems/history-god-defend-new-zealand| url-status= live}}</ref>—this translation is widely used today when the anthem is sung in Māori.<ref name="anthem"/> Additionally, [[William Pember Reeves]] used ''Aotearoa'' to mean New Zealand in his history of the country published in 1898, ''The Long White Cloud Ao-tea-roa.{{refn|''The long White Cloud Ao-tea-roa'' can be viewed online at [https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/12411 Project Gutenberg].|name=reeves|group=note}}''

[[File:National Library of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (49).JPG|210px|thumb|A bilingual sign outside the [[National Library of New Zealand]] uses ''Aotearoa'' alongside ''New Zealand''.]]
Since the late 20th century ''Aotearoa'' is becoming widespread also in the bilingual names of national organisations, such as the [[National Library of New Zealand|National Library of New Zealand / Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa]].<ref>{{cite web |title=National Library of New Zealand (Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa) Act 2003 |url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2003/0019/latest/DLM191962.html |website=legislation.govt.n |publisher=Parliamentary Counsel Office |access-date=5 December 2018 |date=5 May 2003 |archive-date=5 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181205003740/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2003/0019/latest/DLM191962.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

The New Zealand province of the [[Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia|Anglican Church]] is divided into three cultural streams or {{lang|mi|[[tikanga]]}} (Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia), with the ''Aotearoa'' tikanga covering Māori-speaking congregations within New Zealand.<ref>{{cite web |title=Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand, and Polynesia |url=https://www.oikoumene.org/member-churches/anglican-church-in-aotearoa-new-zealand-and-polynesia |website=World Council of Churches |date=January 1948 |access-date=9 June 2022 |language=en |archive-date=20 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220820052631/https://www.oikoumene.org/member-churches/anglican-church-in-aotearoa-new-zealand-and-polynesia |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2015, to celebrate [[Te Wiki o te Reo Māori]] (Māori Language Week), the [[New Zealand national cricket team|Black Caps]] (the New Zealand national cricket team) played under the name ''Aotearoa'' for their first match [[New Zealand cricket team in Zimbabwe in 2015|against Zimbabwe]].<ref name="Aotearoa">{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/south-africa-v-new-zealand-2015/content/story/903551.html |title=New Zealand to play as Aotearoa |access-date=27 July 2015 |work=ESPNCricinfo |archive-date=30 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150730011806/http://www.espncricinfo.com/south-africa-v-new-zealand-2015/content/story/903551.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Music===
* ''[[Aotearoa (overture)|Aotearoa]]'' is an overture composed in 1940 by [[Douglas Lilburn]].<ref name="sounz">{{cite web|title=Overture: Aotearoa|url=http://sounz.org.nz/works/show/12102|website=SOUNZ|access-date=13 October 2016|archive-date=28 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170428140358/http://sounz.org.nz/works/show/12102|url-status=live}}</ref> 
* ''The Land of the Long White Cloud'', subtitled ''Aotearoa'', is a piece composed in 1979 by [[Philip Sparke]] for [[Brass band (British style)|brass band]] or [[wind band]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Land of the Long White Cloud |url=http://c-alanpublications.com/land-of-the-long-white-cloud/ |publisher=C. Alan Publications |access-date=19 July 2020 |language=en |archive-date=20 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720022945/http://c-alanpublications.com/land-of-the-long-white-cloud/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* "Aotearoa" is the Māori version of "[[God Defend New Zealand]]", a national anthem of New Zealand.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Swarbrick|first1=Nancy|title=National anthems – New Zealand's anthems|url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/national-anthems/print|encyclopedia=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]]|date=June 2012|access-date=18 October 2017|archive-date=18 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018133906/https://teara.govt.nz/en/national-anthems/print|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Split Enz]] refers to Aotearoa in its 1982 song "[[Six Months in a Leaky Boat]]".