Editing Anger (section)

==Differences between related concepts==
Raymond Novaco of University of California Irvine, who since 1975 has published a plethora of literature on the subject, stratified anger into three modalities: cognitive (appraisals), [[Somatic nervous system|somatic]]-[[affective]] (tension and agitations), and behavioral (withdrawal and antagonism).<ref>{{Cite book|title=Advances in the Study of Aggression|last=Novaco|first=Raymond W.|publisher=Academic Press|year=1986|isbn=978-1-4831-9968-9|editor-last=Blanchard|editor-first=Robert J.|volume=2|pages=1–67|chapter=Anger as a Clinical and Social Problem|doi=10.1016/b978-1-4831-9968-9.50002-x|oclc=899004162|editor2-last=Blanchard|editor2-first=D. Caroline}}</ref>

The words [[annoyance]] and [[Rage (emotion)|rage]] are often imagined to be at opposite ends of an emotional continuum: mild irritation and annoyance at the low end and fury at the high end. Rage problems are conceptualized as "the inability to process emotions or life's experiences"<ref>Parker Hall, 2008, ''Anger, Rage and Relationship: An Empathic Approach to Anger Management'', Routledge</ref> either because the capacity to regulate emotion (Schore, 1994)<ref>Schore AN, 1994, ''Affect Regulation and the Origin of Self'', Hillsdale, NJ, Erlbaum Associates, Inc</ref> has never been sufficiently developed or because it has been temporarily lost due to more recent trauma. Rage is understood as raw, undifferentiated emotions, that spill out when another life event that cannot be processed, no matter how trivial, puts more [[Stress (biology)|stress]] on the [[organism]] than it can bear.

Anger, when viewed as a protective response or instinct to a perceived threat, is considered as positive. The negative expression of this state is known as aggression commits [[antisocial personality disorder]]<ref>Gottman & Levenson, 1992</ref> and [[Intermittent explosive disorder]]. Acting on this misplaced state is rage due to possible potential errors in perception and judgment.

'''Examples'''

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Expressions of anger used negatively !! Reasoning
|-
| Over-protective instinct and hostility || To avoid conceived loss or fear that something will be taken away.
|-
| Entitlement and frustration || To prevent a change in functioning.
|-
| Intimidation and rationalization || To meet one's own needs.
|}