Editing Anatomical pathology (section)

==Subspecialties==

===Surgical pathology===
{{main|Surgical pathology}}
[[Surgical pathology]] is the most significant and time-consuming area of practice for most anatomical pathologists. Surgical pathology involves the gross and microscopic examination of [[surgery|surgical]] specimens, as well as [[biopsy|biopsies]] submitted by non-[[surgeon]]s such as [[internal medicine|general internists]], [[internal medicine|medical subspecialists]], [[dermatologist]]s, and [[interventional radiologist]]s. Surgical pathology increasingly requires technologies and skills traditionally associated with clinical pathology such as molecular diagnostics.

===Oral and maxillofacial pathology===
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In the United States, subspecialty-trained doctors of [[dentistry]], rather than medical doctors, can be certified by a professional board to practice Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology.

===Cytopathology===
{{main|Cytopathology}}
[[Cytopathology]] is a sub-discipline of anatomical pathology concerned with the microscopic examination of whole, individual cells obtained from exfoliation or [[Fine-needle aspiration|fine-needle aspirates]]. Cytopathologists are trained to perform fine-needle aspirates of superficially located organs, masses, or cysts and are often able to render an immediate diagnosis in the presence of the patient and consulting physician. In the case of screening tests such as the [[Pap smear|Papanicolaou smear]], non-physician cytotechnologists are often employed to perform initial reviews, with only positive or uncertain cases examined by the pathologist. Cytopathology is a board-certifiable subspecialty in the U.S.

===Molecular pathology===
{{main|Molecular pathology}}
[[Molecular pathology]] is an emerging discipline within anatomical and clinical pathology that is focused on the use of nucleic acid-based techniques such as in-situ hybridization, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and nucleic acid microarrays for specialized studies of disease in tissues and cells. Molecular pathology shares some aspects of practice with both anatomic and clinical pathology, and is sometimes considered a "crossover" discipline.

===Forensic pathology===
{{main|Forensic pathology}}
[[Forensic pathology#Duties|Forensic pathologists]] receive specialized training in determining the cause of death and other legally relevant information from the bodies of persons who died suddenly with no known medical condition, those who die from non-natural causes, as well as those dying as a result of homicide, or other criminally suspicious deaths.  A majority of the forensic pathologists cases are due to natural causes. Often, additional tests such as toxicology, histology, and [[genetic testing]] will be used to help the pathologist determine the cause of death.   Forensic pathologists will often testify in courts regarding their findings in cases of homicide and suspicious death. They also play a large role in public health, such as investigating deaths in the workplace, deaths in custody, as well as sudden and unexpected deaths in children.
Forensic pathologists often have special areas of interest within their practice, such as sudden death due to cardiac pathology, deaths due to drugs, or Sudden Infant Death (SIDS), and various others.