Editing Anathema (section)

=== Judaism ===
The [[Septuagint]] uses the [[Koine Greek|Greek]] word {{lang|grc|ἀνάθεμα}} (''anathema''), meaning something offered to a divinity, to render the Hebrew word {{lang|he|חרם}} (''[[herem (disambiguation)|herem]]''). The word appears in verses such as Leviticus 27:28 to refer to [[Herem (priestly gift)|things that are offered to God]] and so banned for common (non-religious) use. The Hebrew word was also used for what was devoted, by virtue of a simple vow, not to the Lord, but to the priest.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/2433-ban |website=Jewish Encyclopedia |title=Ban |editor=Kaufmann Kohler}}</ref> According to the ''[[Jewish Encyclopedia]]'' (1901–1906), with the rise of the [[synagogue]] as the organizing principle of Jewish life circa the [[Hasmonean dynasty|Maccabean period]], the sense of the word ''herem'' changed from "an instrument of communal purification" to "an instrument for the promotion of personal conduct as well as the enforcement of public morality [...] an instrument of ecclesiastical discipline"; see [[Herem (censure)]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/1477-anathema |website=Jewish Encyclopedia |title=Anathema (Greek 'Aνάθημα; Hebrew חרם; Aramaic חרמא) |editor1=Jacob Voorsanger |editor2=Kaufmann Kohler}}</ref>