Editing Academy (section)

===Original Academy===
{{main|Platonic Academy}}
[[File:"The School of Athens" by Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino.jpg|thumb|''[[The School of Athens]]'', fresco by [[Raphael]] (1509–1510), that depicts a congregation of philosophers, mathematicians, and scientists from [[Ancient Greece]], including [[Plato]], [[Aristotle]], [[Pythagoras]], [[Archimedes]], and [[Heraclitus]]]]

Before ''Akademia'' was a school, and even before [[Cimon]] enclosed its precincts with a wall,<ref>[[Plutarch]] ''Life of Cimon'' 13.8</ref> it contained a sacred grove of olive trees dedicated to [[Athena]], the goddess of [[wisdom]], outside the city walls of ancient [[Athens]].<ref>[[Thucydides]] ii:34</ref> The archaic name for the site was ''Hekademia'', which by classical times evolved into ''Akademia'' and was explained, at least as early as the beginning of the 6th century BC, by linking it to an Athenian [[Greek hero cult|hero]], a legendary "[[Akademos]]". The site of ''Akademia'' was sacred to [[Athena]] and other immortals.

Plato's immediate successors as "scholarch" of ''Akademia'' were [[Speusippus]] (347–339 BC), [[Xenocrates]] (339–314 BC), [[Polemon (scholarch)|Polemon]] (314–269 BC), [[Crates of Athens|Crates]] ({{circa|269}}–266 BC), and [[Arcesilaus]] ({{circa|266}}–240 BC). Later scholarchs include [[Lacydes of Cyrene]], [[Carneades]], [[Clitomachus (philosopher)|Clitomachus]], and [[Philo of Larissa]] ("the last undisputed head of the Academy").<ref>''Oxford Classical Dictionary'', 3rd ed. (1996), s.v. "Philon of Larissa."</ref><ref>See the table in [https://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0521250285 The Cambridge History of Hellenistic Philosophy] (Cambridge University Press, 1999), pp. 53–54.</ref> Other notable members of ''Akademia'' include [[Aristotle]], [[Heraclides Ponticus]], [[Eudoxus of Cnidus]], [[Philip of Opus]], [[Crantor]], and [[Antiochus of Ascalon]].