Editing Abraham Ortelius (section)

===''Theatrum Orbis Terrarum''===
{{Main|Theatrum Orbis Terrarum}}
[[File:Persian Empire Abraham Ortelius.jpg|thumb|180px|left|Map of the [[Safavid dynasty|Persian Empire]] from the {{Lang|la|[[Theatrum Orbis Terrarum]]}}]]
On 20 May 1570, Gilles Coppens de Diest at Antwerp issued Ortelius's {{Lang|la|Theatrum Orbis Terrarum}}, the "first modern atlas" (of 53 maps).<ref name="WDL1">{{cite web|title=Map, Indiae Orientalis Insularumque Adjacentium Typus|url=http://masterpieces.asemus.museum/masterpiece/detail.nhn?objectId=11982|website=[[Virtual Collection of Asian Masterpieces]]|access-date=20 May 2019}}</ref>{{#tag:ref|The first work that contained systematically arranged maps of uniform size, intended to be published in a book, thus representing the first modern atlas, was ''De Summa totius Orbis'' (1524–26) by the 16th-century Italian cartographer [[Pietro Coppo]]. Nonetheless, this distinction is conventionally awarded to Abraham Ortelius.<ref name=Mercator>{{cite book|url=http://mail.nysoclib.org/Mercator_Atlas/MCRATS.PDF |title=Atlas sive Cosmographicæ Meditationes de Fabrica Mundi et Fabricati Figura |first1=Gerardu |last1=Mercator | first2=Robert W. Jr. | last2=Karrow |publisher=Library of Congress |page=2 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310032427/http://mail.nysoclib.org/mercator_atlas/mcrats.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-10 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> |group=Note}} Three [[Latin]] editions of this (besides a [[Dutch language|Dutch]], a [[French language|French]], and a [[German language|German]] edition) appeared before the end of 1572; twenty-five editions came out before Ortelius's death in 1598; and several others were published subsequently, for the atlas continued to be in demand until about 1612. Most of the maps were admittedly reproductions (a list of 87 authors is given in the first ''Theatrum'' by Ortelius himself, growing to 183 names in the 1601 Latin edition), and many discrepancies of delineation or nomenclature occur. Errors, of course, abound, both in general conceptions and in detail; thus [[South America]] is initially very faulty in outline, but corrected in the 1587 [[French language|French]] edition, and in [[Scotland]], the [[Grampian Mountains (Scotland)|Grampians]] lie between the [[Firth of Forth|Forth]] and the [[Firth of Clyde|Clyde]]; but, taken as a whole, this atlas with its accompanying text was a monument of rare erudition and industry. Its immediate precursor and prototype was a collection of thirty-eight maps of European lands, and of [[Asia]], [[Africa]], [[Tartary]], and [[Egypt]], gathered together by the wealth and enterprise, and through the agents, of Ortelius's friend and patron, [[Gillis Hooftman]] (1521–1581),<ref>{{cite web |title=Gillis Hooftman: Businessman and Patron |publisher=[[KU Leuven]] |first=Katrien |last=Derde |access-date=2023-10-11 |df=dmy-all |url=https://www.netpoint.be/abc/castro/en/n_29.htm }}</ref> lord of Cleydael and Aertselaar: most of these were printed in [[Rome]], eight or nine only in the Southern Netherlands.<ref name="EB1911"/>

[[File:2756 Print 16080kopie.jpg|thumb|Map of [[Flanders]] from the {{lang|la|[[Theatrum orbis terrarum]]}}, 1574, [[The Phoebus Foundation]] |alt=]]
In 1573, Ortelius published seventeen supplementary maps under the title ''Additamentum Theatri Orbis Terrarum''.<ref name="EB1911"/> Four more Additamenta were to follow, the last one appearing in 1597. He also had a keen interest in and formed a fine collection of [[coin]]s, [[medal]]s and [[antiques]], and this resulted in the book (also in 1573, published by Philippe Galle of Antwerp) ''Deorum dearumque capita ... ex Museo Ortelii'' ("Heads of the gods and goddesses... from the Ortelius Museum"); reprinted in 1582, 1602, 1612, 1680, 1683 and finally in 1699 by Gronovius, ''Thesaurus Graecarum Antiquitatum'' ("Treasury of Greek Antiquities", vol. vii).<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HKMYAQAAMAAJ |title=Abraham Ortelius and the first atlas: essays commemorating the quadricentennial of his death, 1598–1998 |last1=Broecke |first1=M. P. R. van den |last2=Krogt |first2=P. C. J. van der |last3=Meurer |first3=Peter H. |publisher=HES |year=1998 |isbn=9789061943884 |pages=66}}</ref>

The {{Lang|la|Theatrum Orbis Terrarum}} inspired a six-volume work titled ''[[Civitates orbis terrarum]]'', edited by [[Georg Braun]] and illustrated by [[Frans Hogenberg]] with the assistance of Ortelius himself, who visited England to see his friend [[John Dee]] in Mortlake in 1577,<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ib1YAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA62 |title=John Dee: The World of the Elizabethan Magus |last=French |first=Peter J. |date=2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9781134572274 |pages=62 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> and Braun tells of Ortelius putting pebbles in cracks in Temple Church, Bristol, being crushed by the vibration of the bells.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oy1FAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP23 |title=Thomas Chatterton and the Vicar of Temple Church, Bristol [A.D., 1768–1770]: The Poet's Account of the "Knightes Templaries Chyrche." |last=Chatterton |first=Thomas |publisher=W. George's Sons |year=1888 |pages=11}}</ref>