Editing Abdulaziz (section)

=== European tour ===
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| footer            = Sultan Abdulaziz, accompanied by Emperor [[Napoleon III]], arrives in [[Paris]] in 1867 (top). The Kings of Europe are in Paris (Sultan Abdulaziz is second from right) for the opening of the [[Exposition Universelle (1867)|Universal Exposition of 1867]] (bottom).
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[[File:Queen Victoria and Sultan Abdülaziz.jpg|thumb|185px|[[Queen Victoria]] and Sultan Abdulaziz on the [[royal yacht]] [[HMY Victoria and Albert (1855)|HMY ''Victoria and Albert'']] during the Sultan's visit to the United Kingdom in 1867.]]

Abdulaziz cultivated good relations with [[Second French Empire|France]] and the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]]. In 1867 he was the first Ottoman sultan to visit [[Western Europe]].<ref name="EB" /> Ostensibly he was to see the [[Paris Exhibition of 1867|Paris exhibition of 1867]] at [[Napoleon III]]'s invitation, however the real goal was to reestablish Ottoman credit and forestall a Franco-Russian intervention in [[Cretan revolt (1866–1869)|rebellious Crete]]. His voyage in visiting order (from 21 June 1867 to 7 August 1867): Istanbul – [[Messina]] – [[Naples]] – [[Toulon]] – [[Marseille]] – [[Paris]] – [[Boulogne-sur-Mer|Boulogne]] – [[Dover]] – [[London]] – [[Dover]] – [[Calais]] – [[Brussels]] – [[Koblenz]] – Vienna – [[Budapest]] – [[Orșova]] – [[Vidin]] – [[Ruse, Bulgaria|Ruse]] – [[Varna, Bulgaria|Varna]] – Istanbul.<ref name="AbdulazizVoyage">{{cite web |title=Voyage of Sultan Abdülaziz to Europe (21 June 1867{{snd}}7 August 1867) |url=http://blog.milliyet.com.tr/sultan-abdulaziz---avrupa-seyahati/Blog/?BlogNo=367847}}</ref> In London, he was made a [[List of Knights and Ladies of the Garter|Knight of the Garter]] by [[Queen Victoria]]<ref name="EB1911">{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Abd-ul-Aziz|volume=1|page=35|noicon=y}}</ref> and shown a [[Fleet Review, Royal Navy#Queen Victoria|Royal Navy Fleet Review]] with [[Isma'il Pasha|Ismail Pasha]]. He travelled by a private rail car, which today can be found in the [[Rahmi M. Koç Museum]] in Istanbul. His fellow Knights of the Garter created in 1867 were [[Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond]], [[Charles Manners, 6th Duke of Rutland]], [[Henry Somerset, 8th Duke of Beaufort]], [[Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn]] (a son of Queen Victoria), [[Franz Joseph I of Austria]] and [[Alexander II of Russia]]. Impressed by the museums in Paris (30 June – 10 July 1867),<ref name="AbdulazizVoyage" /> London (12–23 July 1867)<ref name="AbdulazizVoyage" /> and Vienna (28–30 July 1867)<ref name="AbdulazizVoyage" /> he ordered the establishment of an Imperial Museum in Istanbul: the [[Istanbul Archaeology Museum]].

In 1868, Abdulaziz received visits from [[Eugénie de Montijo]], Empress consort of [[Napoleon III of France]] and other foreign monarchs on their way to the opening of the [[Suez Canal]]. He took Eugénie to see his mother in [[Dolmabahçe Palace]]. Pertevniyal considered the presence of a foreign woman within her private quarters of the [[seraglio]] to be an insult. She reportedly [[Slapping (strike)|slapped]] Eugénie across the face, which almost caused an international incident.<ref>{{cite web |title="Women in Power" 1840-1870, entry: "1861-76 Pertevniyal Valide Sultan of The Ottoman Empire" |url=http://www.guide2womenleaders.com/womeninpower/Womeninpower1840.htm}}</ref> According to another account, Pertevniyal was outraged by the forwardness of Eugénie in taking the arm of one of her sons while he gave a tour of the palace garden, and she gave the Empress a slap on the stomach as a possibly more subtly intended reminder that they were not in France.<ref>{{cite book |last=Duff |first=David |url=https://archive.org/details/eugenienapoleoni00duff |title=Eugenie and Napoleon III |publisher=William Morrow |year=1978 |isbn=0688033385 |location=New York |page=191 |url-access=registration}}</ref>