Editing 1884 (section)

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 4]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Valparaiso]], an armistice between [[Chile]] and [[Bolivia]], ends the [[War of the Pacific]]; Bolivia is obliged to cede [[Antofagasta]] to Chile, leaving Bolivia as a [[landlocked country]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The International Politics of Latin America|last=Calvert|first=Peter|publisher=Manchester University Press|year=1994|page=80}}</ref>
* [[April 20]] &ndash; [[Pope Leo XIII]] publishes the [[encyclical]] ''[[Humanum genus]]'', denouncing [[Freemasonry]] and certain liberal beliefs which he considers to be associated with it.
* [[April 22]]
** A German protectorate is established over [[German South-West Africa|South-West Africa]].
** The [[1884 Colchester earthquake|Colchester earthquake]] ("the Great English earthquake") measuring EMS-98 VIII ''(Heavily damaging)''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bib.gfz-potsdam.de/pub/str0302/0302_cat.pdf|title=An earthquake catalogue for central, northern and northwestern Europe based on Mw magnitudes / Annex. STR 03/02|last=GeoForschungsZentrum|page=68|accessdate=2011-12-16}}</ref> is the UK's most destructive, although no direct fatalities can be confirmed.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Musson|first=R. M. W.|url=https://academic.oup.com/astrogeo/article-pdf/44/1/1.14/420519/44-1-1.14.pdf|title=Fatalities in British earthquakes|journal=Astronomy & Geophysics|volume=44|issue=1|date=2003-02-01|pages=1.14–1.16|doi=10.1046/j.1468-4004.2003.44114.x }}</ref>
* [[May 1]] &ndash; The [[Eight-hour day|eight-hour workday]] is first proclaimed by the [[Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions]] in the United States. This date, called ''[[May Day]]'' or ''[[Labour Day]]'', becomes a holiday recognized in almost every industrialized country.
* [[May 4]] &ndash; The [[Panic of 1884]] creates a credit shortage that accelerates the current [[United States]] economic recession into the [[Depression of 1882–1885]].
* [[May 16]] 
** [[Angelo Moriondo]] of [[Turin]] is granted a [[patent]] for an [[espresso machine]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=Patent #33/256|journal=Bollettino delle Privative Industriali del Regno d'Italia|series=2nd Series|volume=15|year=1884|pages=635–655}}</ref>
** [[Sweden]]'s Finance Minister [[Robert Themptander]] becomes his country's Prime Minister (1884–88).
* [[June 4]] (N.S.) ([[May 23]] O.S.) &ndash; The future [[flag of Estonia]] is consecrated as the flag of the [[Estonian Students' Society]].
* [[June 13]] &ndash; [[LaMarcus Adna Thompson]] opens the "Gravity Pleasure [[Switchback Railway]]" at [[Coney Island]], New York City.
* [[June 28]] &ndash; The [[Norwegian Association for Women's Rights]] (''Norsk Kvinnesaksforening'') is founded. Also this year, the [[Fredrika Bremer Association]] (''Fredrika Bremer Förbundet'') is founded in Sweden for the same purpose.
* June &ndash; The first ascent is made of [[Castle Mountain]] in the [[Canadian Rockies]], by geologist [[Arthur Philemon Coleman]].