Editing 1849 (section)

=== April–June ===
* [[April 1]]
** After [[Ten Days of Brescia|10 days]], the insurrection in [[Brescia]] is ended by [[Austrian Empire|Austrian]] troops.
** [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]]: The Hungarian Revolutionary Army, under the leadership of [[Arthur Görgey]], starts the victorious [[Spring Campaign]], which leads to the liberation of much of Hungary from the [[Austrian Empire|Austrian]] forces.
* [[April 2]]
** The [[German revolutions of 1848–49]] end in failure, as King Frederick William IV of Prussia refuses to accept the offer of the Frankfurt National Assembly, to be crowned as German emperor.
** [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]] – [[Battle of Hatvan]]: The Hungarian revolutionary army, under the command of [[András Gáspár (general)|András Gáspár]], defeats the [[Austrians]], led by general [[Franz Schlik]].
* [[April 4]] – [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]] – [[Battle of Tápióbicske]]: Hungarian forces, under the generals [[György Klapka]] and [[János Damjanich]], defeat the Austrian-Croatian army, led by [[Franz Schlik]] and [[Josip Jelačić]].
* [[April 6]] – [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]] – [[Battle of Isaszeg (1849)|Battle of Isaszeg]]: The main Hungarian forces, led by [[Arthur Görgey]], defeat the main imperial forces, led by [[Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz]], forcing them to retreat westward.
* [[April 10]] – [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]] – [[Battle of Vác (1849)|Battle of Vác]]: The Hungarians, led by [[János Damjanich]], defeat the Austrians, led by Christian Götz, who dies after the battle due to his injuries.
* [[April 12]]
** [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]]: Because of his series of defeats suffered from the Hungarian army, [[Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz]] is released from the supreme command of the Austrian forces in Hungary, and replaced by [[Ludwig von Welden]].
** Astronomer [[Annibale de Gasparis]] discovers the asteroid [[10 Hygiea]].
* [[April 14]] – [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]]: The Hungarian revolutionary parliament in [[Debrecen]] [[Hungarian Declaration of Independence|declares independence]] from the [[Austrian Empire|Habsburg Empire]].
* [[April 19]] – [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]] – [[Battle of Nagysalló]]: The Hungarian revolutionary army, led by [[György Klapka]] and [[János Damjanich]], defeat the Austrian army, led by Lt. Gen. [[Ludwig von Wohlgemuth]].
* [[April 21]]
** [[Great Famine (Ireland)]]: 96 inmates of the overcrowded [[Ballinrobe]] Union Workhouse died over the course of the preceding week from illness and other famine-related conditions, a record high.
** The Austrian government asks Russian help against the [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848|Hungarian Revolution]]. Tsar [[Nicholas I of Russia]] agrees to send troops against Hungary.
* [[April 22]] – The first [[Kennedy family|Kennedy]] arrives in America.
* [[April 25]] – [[James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin]], the [[Governor General of Canada]], signs the [[Rebellion Losses Bill]], outraging [[Montreal]]'s [[English Canadian|English]] population and triggering the [[Montreal Riots]].
* [[April 26]] – [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]] – [[First Battle of Komárom (1849)|Battle of Komárom]]: Hungarian forces relieve the city and castle with the same name from a long Austrian siege. The Austrian imperial forces and their [[Croatia]]n, [[Romania]]n and [[Serbia]]n allies are chased out from Hungary, or near the borders of the country.
* [[April 27]] – [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] enters Rome, to defend it from the French troops of General [[Charles Oudinot]].
* [[May]] – The [[Second Carlist War]] ends in Spain.
* [[May 2]] – [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]]: A new independent Hungarian government, led by [[Bertalan Szemere]], is formed. The head of state of Hungary becomes [[Lajos Kossuth]], as governor president.
* [[May 3]]
** The [[May Uprising in Dresden]], last of the [[German revolutions of 1848–49]], begins. [[Richard Wagner]] is among the participants.
** The [[Mississippi River]] levee at [[Sauvé's Crevasse]] breaks, flooding much of [[New Orleans]].
* [[May 9]] – The [[May Uprising in Dresden]] is suppressed by the [[Kingdom of Saxony]].
* [[May 10]] – The [[Astor Place Riot]] takes place in [[Manhattan]], over a dispute between two Shakespearean actors; over 20 people are killed when troops fire on the rioters.
* [[May 15]] – Troops of the [[Kingdom of the Two Sicilies]] take [[Palermo]], and crush the [[Sicilian revolution of 1848|republican government]] of [[Sicily]].
* [[May 17]] – The [[St. Louis Fire (1849)|St. Louis Fire]] starts when a [[steamboat]] catches fire and nearly burns down the entire city.
* [[May 21]] – [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]]: The Hungarian army, led by [[Arthur Görgey]], captures the [[Siege of Buda (1849)|Castle of Buda]], liberating the Hungarian capital city completely. The leader of the defending Austrian forces, General [[Heinrich Hentzi]], dies because of his injuries. The Hungarian government moves back from [[Debrecen]] to [[Budapest]].
* [[May 30]] – [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]]: [[Julius Jacob von Haynau]] replaces [[Ludwig von Welden]] as leader of the Austrian forces in Hungary, because of the failure of the latter to stop the advance of the Hungarian forces.
* [[June 5]]
** [[History of Denmark|Denmark]] becomes a [[constitutional monarchy]].
** [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]]: The first Russian troops, led by Lieutenant General Fyodor Sergeyevich Panyutin, who come in the aid of the [[Habsburgs]], cross the Hungarian border at [[Bratislava|Pozsony]], in order to crush the Hungarian revolution.
* [[June 6]] – The settlement of [[Fort Worth, Texas]], is founded.
* [[June 17]] – [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]]: The main Russian forces, led by [[Ivan Paskevich]], cross the Hungarian border, and together with the Austrian troops, led by [[Julius Jacob von Haynau]], start the final attack against the [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848|Hungarian Revolution]]. Now the Hungarian revolutionary troops, numbering 173,000 soldiers, which even before the Russian attack were in inferiority regarding their numbers, and the quality of their weapons and war industry, face a force of 370,000 Austro-Russian forces,<ref name=EgyEvszazadosPer>Egy évszázados per. A Görgey-kérdés tegnap és ma: [http://www.orvostortenet.hu/tankonyvek/tk-05/pdf/3.8.2/1997_1998_158_165_antall_jozsef_egy_evszazados.pdf The Görgey-Question Yesterday and Today] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150521073608/http://www.orvostortenet.hu/tankonyvek/tk-05/pdf/3.8.2/1997_1998_158_165_antall_jozsef_egy_evszazados.pdf |date=May 21, 2015 }}</ref> and other tens of thousands of Croatian, Serbian and Romanian insurgents, who serve the Habsburg imperial interests.
* [[June 18]] – The [[Stuttgart]] Rump Parliament, made up of the remaining 154 mostly democratic and republican deputies of the [[Frankfurt National Assembly]] who moved there in early June, is dissolved by Württemberg military. Most of the liberal and conservative deputies of the National Assembly had already laid down their mandates in May under pressure of the Austrian and Prussian governments. 
* [[June 20]] – [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]]: Russian troops, under the command of [[Alexander von Lüders]], break in [[Transylvania]], and, together with the Austrian forces, start to operate against the Hungarian troops, led by [[Józef Bem]].
* [[June 21]] – [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]]: The Russo-Austrian army, led by [[Julius Jacob von Haynau]], defeats the Hungarians under the command of [[Arthur Görgey]] in the [[Battle of Pered]].
* [[June 28]] – [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]]: The Austrian army, led by [[Julius Jacob von Haynau]], defeats the Hungarians, led by [[Ernő Poeltenberg]], in the [[Battle of Győr]]. The Hungarian army is forced to retreat towards [[Budapest]].