Editing 16th century (section)

===[[1510s]]===
[[File:Retrato de Afonso de Albuquerque (após 1545) - Autor desconhecido.png|thumb|upright|[[Afonso de Albuquerque]]]]
* [[1509]]–[[1510]]: The 'great [[plague (disease)|plague]]' in various parts of [[Tudor England]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=A LIST OF NATIONAL EPIDEMICS OF PLAGUE IN ENGLAND 1348–1665 |url=http://urbanrim.org.uk/plague%20list.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508010316/http://urbanrim.org.uk/plague%20list.htm |archive-date=2009-05-08 |access-date=2009-04-25}}</ref>
* [[1510]]: [[Afonso de Albuquerque]] of Portugal [[Portuguese conquest of Goa|conquers]] [[Goa]] in India.
* [[1511]]: [[Afonso de Albuquerque]] of Portugal [[Capture of Malacca (1511)|conquers]] [[Portuguese Malacca|Malacca]], the capital of the [[Sultanate of Malacca]] in present-day Malaysia.
* [[1512]]: [[Nicolaus Copernicus|Copernicus]] writes ''[[Commentariolus]]'', and proclaims the Sun the center of the [[Solar System]].
* [[1512]]: The southern part (historical core) of the [[Kingdom of Navarre]] is invaded by [[Spain|Castile and Aragon]].
* [[1512]]: [[Qutb Shahi dynasty]], founded by [[Quli Qutb Mulk]], rules [[Golconda Fort|Golconda]] Sultanate  until [[1687]].
* [[1512]]: The first Portuguese exploratory expedition was sent eastward from Malacca (in present-day Malaysia) to search for the '[[Maluku Islands|Spice Islands]]' ([[Maluku Islands|Maluku]]) led by [[Francisco Serrão]]. Serrão is shipwrecked but struggles on to [[Hitu]] (northern [[Ambon Island|Ambon]]) and wins the favour of the local rulers.<ref name="RICKLEFS_p24">Ricklefs (1991), page 24</ref>
* [[1513]]: [[Machiavelli]] writes ''[[The Prince]]'', a treatise about political philosophy
* [[1513]]: The Portuguese [[sailor|mariner]] [[Jorge Álvares]] lands at [[Macau]], China, during the [[Ming dynasty]].
* [[1513]]: [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]] defeats the French at the [[Battle of Guinegate (1513)|Battle of the Spurs]].
* [[1513]]: The [[Battle of Flodden Field]] in which invading [[Scottish people|Scots]] are defeated by [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]]'s forces.
* [[1513]]: Sultan [[Selim I]] ("The Grim") orders the massacre of [[Shia]] Muslims in [[Anatolia]] (present-day Turkey).
* [[1513]]: [[Vasco Núñez de Balboa]], in service of Spain arrives at the [[Pacific Ocean]] (which he called Mar del Sur) across the [[Isthmus of Panama]]. He was the first European to do so.
* [[1514]]: The [[Battle of Orsha]] halts [[Grand Duchy of Moscow|Muscovy]]'s expansion into [[Eastern Europe]].
* [[1514]]: [[György Dózsa|Dózsa rebellion]] (peasant revolt) in [[Kingdom of Hungary|Hungary]].[[File:Luther 95 Thesen.png|thumb|upright|[[Martin Luther]] initiated the [[Reformation]] with his [[Ninety-five Theses]] in 1517.]]
* [[1514]]: The [[Battle of Chaldiran]], the [[Ottoman Empire]] gains decisive victory against [[Safavid dynasty]].
* [[1515]]: [[Coronation of the French monarch|Ascension]] of [[Francis I of France]] as [[King of France]] following the death of [[Louis XII]].
* [[1515]]: The [[Ottoman Empire]] wrests Eastern [[Anatolia]] from the Safavids after the [[Battle of Chaldiran]].
* [[1515]]: The [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]] conquer the last beyliks of Anatolia, the [[Beylik of Dulkadir|Dulkadirs]] and the [[Ramadanid Emirate|Ramadanids]].
* [[1516]]–[[1517]]: The [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]] defeat the [[Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)|Mamluk]]s and gain control of [[Egypt]], [[Arabian Peninsula|Arabia]], and the [[Levant]].
* [[1517]]: The [[Sweating sickness]] epidemic in [[Tudor England]].<ref>[http://www.storyoflondon.com/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=244&mode=thread&order=0&thold=0 The Sweating Sickness]. ''Story of London.''. Accessed 2009-04-25.  [https://web.archive.org/web/20071211205942/http://www.storyoflondon.com/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=244&mode=thread&order=0&thold=0 Archived] 2009-05-03.</ref>
* [[1517]]: The [[Reformation]] begins when [[Martin Luther]] posts his [[Ninety-five Theses]] in [[Saxony]].
* [[1518]]: The [[Treaty of London (1518)|Treaty of London]] was a non-aggression pact between the major European nations. The signatories were Burgundy, France, England, the Holy Roman Empire, the Netherlands, the Papal States and Spain, all of whom agreed not to attack one another and to come to the aid of any that were under attack.
* [[1518]]: [[Mir Chakar Khan Rind]] leaves [[Balochistan (region)|Baluchistan]] and settles in [[Punjab region|Punjab]].
* [[1518]]: [[Leo Africanus]], also known as al-Hasan ibn Muhammad al-Wazzan al-Fasi, an Andalusian Berber diplomat who is best known for his book ''[[Description of Africa (1550 book)|Descrittione dell’Africa]]'' (Description of Africa), is captured by Spanish pirates; he is taken to Rome and presented to [[Pope Leo X]].
* [[1518]]: The [[dancing plague of 1518]] begins in [[Strasbourg]], lasting for about one month.
* [[1519]]: [[Leonardo da Vinci]] dies of natural causes on May 2.[[File:Europe at the Accession of the Emperor Charles V (1519).jpg|thumb|right|Europe at the time of the accession of [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles V]] in 1519]]
*[[1519]]: [[Wang Yangming]], the Chinese philosopher and governor of [[Jiangxi]] province, describes his intent to use the firepower of the ''fo-lang-ji'', a [[breech-loading]] Portuguese [[culverin]], in order to suppress the rebellion of Prince [[Zhu Chenhao]].
* [[1519]]: [[Barbary pirates]] led by [[Hayreddin Barbarossa]], a Turk appointed to ruling position in Algiers by the Ottoman Empire, raid [[Provence]] and [[Toulon]] in southern [[France]].
* [[1519]]: Death of [[Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Maximilian]]; Charles I of [[Archduke of Austria|Austria]], [[Spain]], and the [[Low Countries]] becomes Emperor of [[Holy Roman Empire]] as [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]] (ruled until 1556).
* [[1519]]–[[1522]]: Spanish expedition commanded by [[Ferdinand Magellan|Magellan]] and [[Juan Sebastián Elcano|Elcano]] are the first to [[Circumnavigate]] the Earth.
* [[1519]]–[[1521]]: [[Hernán Cortés]] leads the [[Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire]].