Editing 13th century BC (section)

===Asia===
* c. 1300–1046 BC: in China, the [[Shang dynasty]] flourishes as it settles its capital, [[Yinxu|Yin]], near [[Anyang]].<ref>{{Cite book |first=Tan Koon |last=San |title=Dynastic China |publisher=The Other Press |year=2014 |isbn=978-983-9541-88-5 |page=17}}</ref> Chinese settlers swarm in compact groups to create new clearing areas towards the [[Yangtze]] basin in the south, the [[Shanxi]] terraces in the northwest and the [[Wei River]] valley. The Shang then seem to frequently wage war with the still non-Sinicized populations who inhabit the [[Huai River]] valley. Graves in the form of cruciform pits have been discovered in Anyang containing [[Chariots in ancient China|chariots]] with their yokes, numerous bronze vases and the remains of human sacrifices, as well as the first [[Oracle bone script|Chinese inscriptions]] on [[oracle bone]]s (''Jiaguwen'') or bronze vases.<ref>{{Cite book |first=Michel |last=Soutif |title=L'Asie, source de sciences et de techniques |publisher=[[EDP Sciences]] |year=2012 |isbn=978-2-7598-0125-1 |page=33}}</ref> China's Shang armies are organized into infantry and archers in companies of one hundred men, supporting sections of five chariots.<ref>{{Cite book |first=Richard A. |last=Gabriel |title=The Great Armies of Antiquity |publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]] |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-275-97809-9 |page=143}}</ref>
* c. 1300 BC: the [[Aryan]]s dominate northwest India as far as the [[Sarasvati River]].<ref>{{Cite book |first=Alain |last=Daniélou |title=Histoire de l'Inde |publisher=[[Fayard]] |year=1983 |isbn=978-2-213-63953-6 |page=223}}</ref> The [[Vedas]] mention the ''[[Dasa]]s'' (slaves) as their enemies. Dasas are interpreted as being a North [[Iran|Iranian tribe]], Dahae. The Aryans are organized in tribal monarchies headed by a [[raja]] (king), who shares power with two councils or assemblies that will differentiate over time, the sabhā (court of justice) and the samiti (council of war).<ref>{{Cite book |first1=Paul |last1=Masson-Oursel |first2=Philippe |last2=Stern |first3=H |last3=de Willman-Grabowska |title=L'Inde antique et la civilisation indienne |publisher=[[Éditions Albin Michel]] |year=2012 |isbn=978-2-226-26086-4 |page=88}}</ref> Only one raja is named in the [[Rigveda]]: [[Sudas]] of the [[Bharatas (tribe)|Bharatas]], a tribe established on the upper reaches of the Sarasvatî. He is described as the victor of the coalition of ten kings, the most powerful of which was Pûru. Subsequently, the Kurus take control of the Bharatas.<ref name="Boivin">{{Cite book |first=Michel |last=Boivin |title=Histoire de l'Inde |publisher=Presses Universitaires de France |year=2015 |isbn=978-2-13-073032-3 |page=8}}</ref>
* c. 1260 BC: [[Lapita culture|Lapita]] pottery discovered at the Bourewa site southwest of [[Viti Levu]] dates back to this period.<ref>{{Cite book |first=Jeffrey L. |last=Gross |title=Waipi'O Valley |volume=1 |publisher=Xlibris Corporation |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-5245-3905-4 |page=221}}</ref>