Editing 1300 (section)

==July &ndash; September==
* [[July 10]] &ndash; [[English invasion of Scotland (1300)]]: King Edward I of England begins a five-day siege of [[Caerlaverock Castle]] in [[Scotland]]. Enraged by the defending garrison's request for honorable surrender terms, Edward orders the destruction of the castle with [[battering ram]]s and stone-lobbing [[trebuchet]] [[catapult]]s, then pulls down the walls of the garrison.<ref>G. W. S. Barrow, ''Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland'' (Edinburgh University Press, 2013)</ref>
* [[July 17]] &ndash; [[English invasion of Scotland (1300)]]: King Edward I and the English Army arrive in [[Galloway]] and set up camp on July 19 at [[Kirkcudbright]] where they remain for 10 days while laying waste to the surrounding country side.<ref name=Chalmers>George Chalmers, ''Caledonia, or, A Historical and Topographical Account of North Britain from the Most Ancient to the Present Times'' (Alexander Gardner, 1890) p. 264</ref> They confront a Scottish army under [[John Comyn III of Badenoch|John Comyn III]] ("the Red") on the [[River Cree]]. During the battle, the Scottish cavalry is again defeated. Edward is unable to pursue the fugitives into the wild country, where they flee and take refuge. John escapes with his life and begins to raid the English countryside in smaller groups.<ref>Pete Armstrong, ''Stirling Bridge & Falkirk 1297–98'' (Osprey, 2003) p. 84 {{ISBN|1-84176-510-4}}.</ref>
* [[July 18]] &ndash; [[Gerard Segarelli]], Italian founder of the [[Apostolic Brethren]], is [[Death by burning|burned at the stake]] in [[Parma]] during a brutal repression of the Apostolics.
* [[July 20]] &ndash; A fleet of 16 ships led by [[Jacques de Molay]] (Grand Master of the [[Knights Templar]]), [[Henry II of Cyprus]] (the last European King of Jerusalem), [[Amalric of Tyre]], and an emissary of the Mongol leader [[Ghazan]] departs from the Cyprus port of [[Famagusta]] and begins a raid of Muslim-occupied cities in Egypt and Palestine before returning to Cyprus.<ref>Peter Jackson, ''The Mongols and the West: 1221–1410'' (Pearson Longman, 2005) pp. 165–195</ref>
* [[July 25]] &ndash; [[Wenceslaus II of Bohemia|Wenceslaus II, King of Bohemia]], of the Czech [[Přemyslid dynasty]], is crowned [[List of Polish monarchs|King of Poland]] in a ceremony at [[Gniezno]], near [[Poznań]], after his Bohemian forces have seized [[Pomerania]] and [[Greater Poland]] (Wielkopolska). The 28-year-old Wenceslaus has ruled [[Lesser Poland]] (Małopolska) since [[1291]], and forced a number of Silesian princes to swear allegiance to him. Crowned as king, he reunites the Polish territories and during his reign introduces a number of laws and reforms, the most important being the creation of a new type of official known as a [[Starostwo|''starosta'']] (or "Elder"), who rules a small territory as the king's direct representative.<ref>Richard Brzezinski (1998). ''History of Poland: Old Poland – The Piast Dynasty'', p. 24. {{ISBN|83-7212-019-6}}.</ref><ref>Williams, Hywel (2005). ''Cassell's Chronology of World History'', p. 152. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. {{ISBN|0-304-35730-8}}.</ref>
* [[August 9]] &ndash; After crossing the [[River Dee, Aberdeenshire|River Dee]] in Scotland and reaching [[Twynholm]], King Edward I and his English troops receive new provisions from the English Navy and fights a brief skirmish with the Scots.<ref name=Chalmers/>
* [[August 27]] &ndash; [[Robert Winchelsey]], the [[Archbishop of Canterbury]], arrives at [[Sweetheart Abbey]] in Scotland with the papal envoy Lumbardus, to deliver a letter from [[Pope Boniface VIII|Boniface VIII]] to England's King Edward I demanding that Edward withdraw from the [[Kingdom of Scotland]]. Edward ignores the letter, but because the campaign is not a success, the English forces begin on their home journey and Edward arranges a truce.<ref>"Edward I at Sweetheart Abbey", by E. J. Chinnock, in ''The Transactions and Journal of Proceedings of the Dumfrieshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society'', February 21, 1902, p. 173</ref>
* [[September 20]] &ndash; Italian diplomat [[Isol the Pisan]] (Ciolo Bofeti di Anastasio) is appointed by Pope Boniface VIII to be the Church's liaison between the European settlements in the Middle East (the [[Crusader states]]) and the Mongol Empire, and given the title "Vicar of Syria and the Holy Land for Ghazan the Emperor of the Tartars". 
* [[September 26]] &ndash; King Edward I summons the English Parliament to [[Lincoln, England|Lincoln]]. The parliamentary session will last until January 30, 1301.