Editing 1083 (section)

==== Europe ====
* [[January 6]] &ndash; A Castilian army, under Count [[Gonzalo Salvadórez]] and his son-in-law [[Ramiro Garcés, Lord of Calahorra]], child of the late King [[García Sánchez III of Pamplona]], enters the surrendered bastion of [[Rueda de Jalón|Rueda]], but are then treacherously set upon and killed. Gonzalo, Ramiro, and Ramiro's illegitimate half-brother [[Sancho Garcés, Lord of Uncastillo|Sancho Garcés]] are among the many nobles to lose their lives, in what will be remembered as the 'disaster' or 'treachery of Rueda'.<ref>Martínez Diez, Gonzalo (2007). ''El Cid histórico'' (in Spanish), p. 137. Barcelona: Editorial Planeta, S.A. {{ISBN|978-84-08-07165-5}}.</ref>
* Summer &ndash; [[Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor]] besieges [[Pope Gregory VII]] in [[Castel Sant'Angelo]] at [[Rome]].
* October &ndash; While [[Robert Guiscard]] is in Italy, emperor [[Alexios I Komnenos]] retakes territory previously lost to the Normans, including the town of [[Kastoria]]. Several Normans, including [[Peter Aliphas]], switch sides to the Byzantines.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Venning |first1=Timothy |last2=Harris |first2=Jonathan |title=A Chronology of the Byzantine Empire |date=2006 |publisher=Springer |isbn=9780230505865 |page=416}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Venning |first1=Timothy |last2=Frankopan |first2=Peter |title=A Chronology of the Crusades |date=2015 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9781317496434}}</ref>
* ''[[Reconquista]]'': Castilian forces under Alfonso VI reconquer [[Talavera de la Reina (Toledo)|Talavera de la Reina]] in the [[Taifa of Toledo]] (modern [[Spain]]).
* King [[Sancho Ramírez]] of [[Kingdom of Pamplona|Pamplona]] and [[Kingdom of Aragon|Aragon]], conquers [[Graus]] (located in the [[Pyrenees]]).
* King [[William the Conqueror]] imprisons his half-brother [[Odo of Bayeux]] for planning a military expedition to [[Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)|Italy]].