Editing Émile Verhaeren (section)

==Literature==
He was one of the most prolific poets of his era. His first collection of poems, ''Les Flamandes'', was published in 1883. Inspired by the paintings of [[Jacob Jordaens]], [[David Teniers the Elder|David Teniers]] and [[Jan Steen]], Verhaeren described in a direct and often provocative, [[naturalism (literature)|naturalistic]] way his country and the Flemish people. It was an immediate success in avant-garde milieus but caused a great deal of controversy in [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] circles. His next book, ''Les Moines'' (1886), was not the success he had hoped for. This, and his health problems, led to a deep crisis. In this period he published ''Les Soirs'' (1888), ''Les Débâcles'' (1888) and ''Les Flambeaux noirs'' (1891), all with [[Edmond Deman]], who became his usual publisher.

On 24 August 1891 he married [[Marthe Massin]], a talented artist from [[Liège]]. His new-found happiness found expression in three poetry books: ''Les Heures Claires'' (1896), ''Les Heures d'Après-midi'' (1905) and ''Les Heures du Soir'' (1911). His later poems include ''Les Rythmes souverains'' (1910), ''Les Villes à pignons'' (1910), ''Les Plaines'' (1911) and ''Les Blés Mouvants'' (1912).<ref name=eb12>{{EB1922|inline=y|wstitle=Verhaeren, Émile|volume=32|page=925}}</ref>

[[File:Emile Verhaeren 02.jpg|thumb|Verhaeren by [[Stefan Zweig]]  (1914)]]

He wrote his first play, ''Les Aubes'', in 1898. Here he waged a fight against social injustice and the decline of life in the countryside. In 1912, he produced a tragedy, ''Hélène de Sparte'', which was performed in German and Russian, besides French.<ref name=eb12/>

In 1898 he moved to [[Saint-Cloud]], near [[Paris]]. By the turn of the century, he had become world-famous. His works were translated into more than twenty languages. His German translator was [[Stefan Zweig]].<ref>S. Zweig, Die Welt von Gestern (''The World of Yesterday'')</ref><ref>[https://www.amazon.com/Rembrandt-Emile-VERHAEREN/dp/B0020MHE3C?asin=3864449499&revisionId=&format=4&depth=1 Verhaeren, Émile, ''Rembrandt'', Insel Verlag, Leipzig, 1912, translated by Stefan Zweig]</ref> He travelled, giving lectures, throughout Europe.

Verhaeren was an anarchist.<ref>{{cite book|last=Cohn|first=Jesse|title="'Don't Trust Anybody, Not Even Us': Kafka's Realism as Anarchist Modernism," ''Studies in 20th & 21st Century Literature:'' Vol. 35: Iss. 2, Article 8|date=2011|publisher=Purdue University North Central|isbn= |edition= |location= |pages=297|oclc= }}</ref> The outbreak of [[World War I]] had a devastating effect on the poet's deep pacifist feelings. He went to England, where he received honorary degrees from various universities. During his exile, he published ''Les Ailes rouges de la Guerre''.<ref name=eb12/>