Editing Venezuela (section)

=== Shortages ===
{{Main|Shortages in Venezuela}}
[[Shortages]] in Venezuela have been prevalent following the enactment of price controls and other policies during the [[economic policy of the Hugo Chávez government]].<ref name="economist.com">{{cite news |url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/americasview/2013/02/venezuela%E2%80%99s-currency |access-date=18 February 2013 |title=Venezuela's currency: The not-so-strong bolívar |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |date=11 February 2013 |archive-date=3 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503020626/https://www.economist.com/blogs/americasview/2013/02/venezuela%E2%80%99s-currency |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="qz.com">{{cite news |title=Venezuela's black market rate for US dollars just jumped by almost 40% |url=http://qz.com/192395/venezuelas-black-market-rate-for-us-dollars-just-jumped-by-almost-40/#/h/56869,3/ |access-date=27 March 2014 |newspaper=Quartz |date=26 March 2014 |archive-date=13 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413072804/https://qz.com/192395/venezuelas-black-market-rate-for-us-dollars-just-jumped-by-almost-40/#/h/56869,3/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Under the [[economic policy of the Nicolás Maduro government]], greater shortages occurred due to the Venezuelan government's policy of withholding United States dollars from importers with price controls.<ref name="WSJseptDOWNGRADE">{{cite news |last1=Dulaney |first1=Chelsey |last2=Vyas |first2=Kejal |title=S&P Downgrades Venezuela on Worsening Economy Rising Inflation, Economic Pressures Prompt Rating Cut |url=https://online.wsj.com/articles/s-p-downgrades-venezuela-on-worsening-economy-1410907125 |access-date=18 September 2014 |agency=The Wall Street Journal |date=16 September 2014 |archive-date=18 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140918020446/http://online.wsj.com/articles/s-p-downgrades-venezuela-on-worsening-economy-1410907125 |url-status=live}}</ref>[[File:Escasez en Venezuela, Central Madeirense 8.JPG|thumb|Empty shelves in a store in Venezuela due to shortages in 2014]]Shortages occur in regulated products, such as milk, various types of meat, coffee, rice, oil, flour, butter, and other goods including basic necessities like toilet paper, personal hygiene products, and even medicine.<ref name="economist.com" /><ref name="ACN">{{cite web|title=La escasez también frena tratamientos contra cáncer |language=es |location=Venezuela |url=http://acn.com.ve/la-escasez-tambien-frena-tratamientos-contra-cancer/ |access-date=25 August 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826135417/http://acn.com.ve/la-escasez-tambien-frena-tratamientos-contra-cancer/ |archive-date=26 August 2014}}</ref><ref name="El Nuevo Herald">{{cite news |title=Venezuela sufre escasez de prótesis mamarias |language=es |publisher=[[El Nuevo Herald]] |url=http://www.elnuevoherald.com/2014/03/19/1705888/venezuela-sufre-escasez-de-protesis.html |access-date=25 August 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826113732/http://www.elnuevoherald.com/2014/03/19/1705888/venezuela-sufre-escasez-de-protesis.html |archive-date=26 August 2014}}</ref> As a result of the shortages, Venezuelans must search for food, wait in lines for hours and sometimes do without certain products.<ref name=":7">{{cite news |title=Why are Venezuelans posting pictures of empty shelves? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-30710014 |access-date=10 January 2015 |agency=BBC |date=8 January 2015 |archive-date=29 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230429221805/http://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-30710014 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="REUTjan2015">{{cite news |last1=Cawthorne |first1=Andrew |title=In shortages-hit Venezuela, lining up becomes a profession |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-venezuela-shortages-idUSKBN0KU1BX20150121 |access-date=17 June 2015 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=21 January 2015 |archive-date=15 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151115012641/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/01/21/us-venezuela-shortages-idUSKBN0KU1BX20150121 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Exclusive: Harrowing Video Shows Starving Venezuelans Eating Garbage, Looting |url=http://www.foxbusiness.com/politics/2016/05/26/exclusive-harrowing-video-shows-starving-venezuelans-eating-garbage-looting.html|access-date=12 July 2016|agency=[[Fox Business]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160707182016/http://www.foxbusiness.com/politics/2016/05/26/exclusive-harrowing-video-shows-starving-venezuelans-eating-garbage-looting.html |archive-date=7 July 2016|url-status=dead|last=MacDonald|first=Elizabeth|date=26 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=As hunger mounts, Venezuelans turn to trash for food|last=Sanchez|first=Fabiola|date=8 June 2016|agency=[[Associated Press]]|url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/5ee6b03daee141c3b89d419ecadcc7fa/venezuelans-pick-through-trash-food-eat-or-sell|access-date=12 July 2016|archive-date=31 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170331095757/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/5ee6b03daee141c3b89d419ecadcc7fa/venezuelans-pick-through-trash-food-eat-or-sell|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Mangoes fill the gaps in Venezuela's food crisis |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/multimedia/mangoes-fill-the-gaps-in-venezuela-s-food-crisis-1.3620964 |access-date=12 July 2016 |agency=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]] |date=7 June 2016 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102004401/https://www.cbc.ca/news/multimedia/mangoes-fill-the-gaps-in-venezuela-s-food-crisis-1.3620964 |url-status=live}}</ref>

A drought, combined with a lack of planning and maintenance, has caused a hydroelectricity shortage. To deal with lack of power supply, in April 2016 the Maduro government announced rolling blackouts<ref>[https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/04/22/475250605/venezuela-announces-daily-4-hour-power-cuts-amid-drought Venezuela Announces Daily 4-Hour Power Cuts Amid Drought : The Two-Way] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728191142/https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/04/22/475250605/venezuela-announces-daily-4-hour-power-cuts-amid-drought |date=28 July 2018}}. NPR (22 April 2016). Retrieved on 15 June 2016.</ref> and reduced the government [[workweek]] to only Monday and Tuesday.<ref>[https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/04/27/475859770/venezuela-cuts-public-employees-work-week-to-2-days-to-save-energy Venezuela Cuts Public Employees' Workweek To 2 Days To Save Energy : The Two-Way] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728191132/https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/04/27/475859770/venezuela-cuts-public-employees-work-week-to-2-days-to-save-energy |date=28 July 2018}}. NPR (27 April 2016). Retrieved on 15 June 2016.</ref> A multi-university study found that, in 2016 alone, about 75% of Venezuelans lost weight due to hunger, with the average losing about 8.6&nbsp;kg (19&nbsp;lbs) due to the lack of food.<ref name="UPIfeb17">{{cite news|last1=Pestano|first1=Andrew V.|title=Venezuela: 75% of population lost 19 pounds amid crisis|url=http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2017/02/19/Venezuela-75-of-population-lost-19-pounds-amid-crisis/2441487523377/|access-date=21 February 2017|work=[[UPI]]|date=19 February 2017|archive-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190510154807/https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2017/02/19/Venezuela-75-of-population-lost-19-pounds-amid-crisis/2441487523377/|url-status=live}}</ref> In March 2017, Venezuela began having shortages of gasoline in some regions.<ref name="EImar17">{{cite news |last1=Suarez |first1=Roberth |title=Fotos: Escasez de gasolina se agudiza en Barquisimeto |url=http://www.elimpulso.com/noticias/regionales/fotos-escasez-gasolina-se-agudiza-barquisimeto |access-date=23 March 2017 |work=[[El Impulso (Venezuela)|El Impulso]] |date=22 March 2017 |language=es |archive-date=22 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170322135439/http://www.elimpulso.com/noticias/regionales/fotos-escasez-gasolina-se-agudiza-barquisimeto |url-status=live}}</ref>