Editing Tokyo (section)

=== Finance ===
[[File:Bank of Japan 2010.jpg|left|thumb|260x260px|[[Bank of Japan]], the central bank of the country, [[Chūō, Tokyo|Chuo, Tokyo]]]]
Tokyo is a major international finance center.<ref>
{{cite news|url=http://www.economist.com/specialreports/displaystory.cfm?story_id=9753204|title=Financial Centres, All shapes and sizes|access-date=October 14, 2007|newspaper=The Economist|date=September 13, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031074934/http://www.economist.com/specialreports/displaystory.cfm?story_id=9753204|archive-date=October 31, 2007|url-status=live}}
</ref> It houses the headquarters of several of the world's largest [[investment bank]]s and insurance companies and serves as a hub for Japan's transportation, publishing, [[electronics]] and broadcasting industries. During the centralized growth of Japan's economy following [[World War II]], many large firms moved their headquarters from cities such as [[Osaka]] (the historical commercial capital) to Tokyo, in an attempt to take advantage of better access to the government. 
[[File:The Tokyo Stock Exchange - main room 2.jpg|thumb|260x260px|The [[Tokyo Stock Exchange]], [[Chūō, Tokyo|Chuo, Tokyo]]]]
Tokyo emerged as a leading international [[Financial centre|financial center]] (IFC) in the 1960s and has been described as one of the three "command centers" for the [[world economy]], along with New York City and [[London]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Sassen, Saskia |title=The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo |year=2001 |publisher=Princeton University Press |edition=2nd |isbn=978-0-691-07063-6 |author-link=Saskia Sassen}}</ref> In the 2020 [[Global Financial Centres Index|Global Financial Centers Index]], Tokyo was ranked as having the fourth most competitive financial center in the world, and second most competitive in Asia (after Shanghai).<ref name="GFCI2">{{cite web|date=September 2020|title=The Global Financial Centres Index 28|url=https://www.longfinance.net/media/documents/GFCI_28_Full_Report_2020.09.25_v1.1.pdf|access-date=October 4, 2020|website=Long Finance|archive-date=January 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118104905/https://www.longfinance.net/media/documents/GFCI_28_Full_Report_2020.09.25_v1.1.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group|Mitsubishi UFJ]], [[Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation|Sumitomo-Mitsui Banking Corporation]], [[Mizuho Financial Group]], all among the [[List of largest banks|top 20 banks in the world by total assets in 2023]], are headquartered in Tokyo.

The Japanese financial market opened up slowly in 1984 and accelerated its internationalization with the "Japanese Big Bang" in 1998.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ito |first1=Takatoshi |last2=Melvin |first2=Michael |title=Nber Working Paper Series – Japan's Big Bang and the Transformation of Financial Markets |url=https://www.nber.org/papers/w7247.pdf |website=www.nber.org |access-date=February 11, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180602075049/http://www.nber.org/papers/w7247.pdf |archive-date=June 2, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> Despite the emergence of Singapore and Hong Kong as competing financial centers, the Tokyo IFC manages to keep a prominent position in Asia. The [[Tokyo Stock Exchange]] is Japan's largest [[stock exchange]], and third largest in the world by [[market capitalization]], and the fourth largest by share turnover. In 1990 at the end of the [[Japanese asset price bubble]], it accounted for more than 60% of the world stock market value.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://s.patterntour.com/r/0/wi/wiki-Tokyo/tokyo-stock-exchange/ |title=Tokyo Stock Exchange |website=Stock-market.in |date=February 25, 2007 |access-date=October 29, 2010 |archive-date=November 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127211250/https://s.patterntour.com/r/0/wi/wiki-Tokyo/tokyo-stock-exchange/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>