Editing Sicily (section)

==Transport==
===Roads===
[[File:Autostrada A20 Torregrotta.jpg|thumb|The [[Autostrada A20 (Italy)|A20 Messina-Palermo motorway]] near [[Torregrotta]]]]
[[File:Alstom Cityway Tram Messina 06T.jpg|thumb|[[Trams in Messina|Messina tramway system]]]]
Highways have been built and expanded in the last four decades. The most prominent Sicilian roads are the motorways (known as {{lang|it|autostrade}}) in the north of the island. Much of the motorway network is elevated on pillars due to the island's mountainous terrain.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.siciliaemoto.it/main.php?plc=a19palermocatania |publisher=SiciliaEMoto.it |title=A 19 autostrada Palermo – Catania |date=2 January 2008 |access-date=2 January 2008 |archive-date=23 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123210942/http://www.siciliaemoto.it/main.php?plc=a19palermocatania |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://sicilia.indettaglio.it/ita/lineestradali/autostrade/a20/a20.html |publisher=Sicilia.Indettaglio.it |title=Autostrada A20: Messina – Palermo |date=24 October 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.siciliaemoto.it/main.php?plc=a29palermotrapanimazara |publisher=SiciliaEMoto.it |title=A 29 autostrada Palermo – Trapani – Mazara del Vallo |date=2 January 2008 |access-date=2 January 2008 |archive-date=23 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123144442/http://www.siciliaemoto.it/main.php?plc=a29palermotrapanimazara |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://sicilia.indettaglio.it/ita/lineestradali/autostrade/a18/a18.html |publisher=Sicilia.Indettaglio.it |title=Autostrada: A18 Messina – Catania |date=24 October 2007}}</ref> Other main roads in Sicily are the ''Strade Statali'', such as the SS.113 that connects [[Trapani]] to Messina (via Palermo), the SS.114 Messina-[[Syracuse, Sicily|Syracuse]] (via Catania) and the SS.115 Syracuse-Trapani (via [[Ragusa, Italy|Ragusa]], [[Gela]] and [[Agrigento]]).
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!style="text-align:center;" |Sign
!style="text-align:center;" |Motorway
!style="text-align:center;" |Length
!style="text-align:center;" |Toll
!style="text-align:center;" |Services
|-
| align=center |[[File:Autostrada A18 Italia.svg|25px]]
| align=center |[[Autostrada A18 (Italy)|A18 Messina-Catania]]
| align=center |{{convert|76|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| align=center |[[File:Italian traffic signs - stazione.svg|20px]] Yes
| align=center |[[File:Zeichen 361-51.svg|20px]] Yes
|-
| align=center |[[File:Italian traffic signs - raccordo autostradale 15.svg|40px]]
| align=center |[[Autostrada RA15 (Italy)|RA15 Catania's Bypass (West)]]
| align=center |{{convert|24|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| align=center |Free
| align=center |[[File:Zeichen 361-51.svg|20px]] Yes
|-
| align=center |[[File:Italian traffic signs - Autostrada CT-SR.svg|40px]]
| align=center |[[Autostrada Catania-Siracusa|Motorway Catania-Siracusa]]
| align=center |{{convert|25|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| align=center |Free
| align=center |No
|-
| align=center |[[File:Autostrada A18 Italia.svg|25px]]
| align=center |[[Autostrada A18 (Italy)|A18 Siracusa-Rosolini]]
| align=center |{{convert|40|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| align=center |Free
| align=center |No
|-
| align=center |[[File:Autostrada A19 Italia.svg|25px]]
| align=center |[[Autostrada A19 (Italy)|A19 Palermo-Catania]]
| align=center |{{convert|199|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| align=center |Free
| align=center |[[File:Zeichen 361-51.svg|20px]] Yes
|-
| align=center |[[File:Autostrada A20 Italia.svg|25px]]
| align=center |[[Autostrada A20 (Italy)|A20 Palermo-Messina]]
| align=center |{{convert|181|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| align=center |[[File:Italian traffic signs - stazione.svg|20px]] Yes
| align=center |[[File:Zeichen 361-51.svg|20px]] Yes
|-
| align=center |[[File:Autostrada A29 Italia.svg|25px]]
| align=center |[[Autostrada A29 (Italy)|A29 Palermo-Mazara del Vallo]]
| align=center |{{convert|119|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| align=center |Free
| align=center |No
|-
| align=center |[[File:Autostrada A29dir Italia.svg|25px]]
| align=center |[[Autostrada A29 (Italy)#A29dir Diramazione Alcamo-Birgi|A29dir Alcamo-Trapani/Marsala]]
| align=center |{{convert|38|km|mi|abbr=on}} and<br />{{convert|44|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| align=center |Free
| align=center |No
|}

===Railways===
[[File:Punta Raisi staz ferr treni.jpg|thumb|Two trains inside [[Punta Raisi railway station]] within [[Palermo International Airport]]]]
[[File:Palermo Tramway System Map.jpg|thumb|[[Palermo]], AMAT tramway system map]]
[[File:GiovanniXXIII-metro.jpg|thumb|[[Catania Metro]]]]
The first railway in Sicily was opened in 1863 (Palermo-Bagheria) and today all of the Sicilian provinces are served by a network of railway services, linking to most major cities and towns; this service is operated by [[Trenitalia]]. Of the {{convert|1378|km|0|abbr=on}} of railway tracks in use, over 60% has been [[Railway electrification system|electrified]] whilst the remaining {{convert|583|km|0|abbr=on}} are serviced by [[Dieselisation|diesel]] engines. 88% of the lines (1.209&nbsp;km) are single-track and only {{convert|169|km|0|abbr=on}} are double-track serving the two main routes, Messina-Palermo ([[Tyrrhenian Sea|Tyrrhenian]]) and Messina-Catania-Syracuse ([[Ionian Sea|Ionian]]), which are the main lines of this region. Of the [[narrow-gauge railway]]s the [[Ferrovia Circumetnea]] is the only one that still operates, going round [[Mount Etna]]. From the major cities of Sicily, there are services to [[Naples]], [[Rome]] and [[Milan]]; this is achieved by the trains being loaded onto [[ferries]] which cross the Strait.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.italyheaven.co.uk/sicily/transport.html |publisher=ItalyHeaven.co.uk |title=Sicily Travel and Transport |date=2 January 2008}}</ref>

In [[Catania]] there is an [[Rapid transit|underground railway]] service ([[metropolitana di Catania]]); in [[Palermo]] the national railway operator [[Trenitalia]] operates a [[commuter rail]] ([[Palermo metropolitan railway service]]), the Sicilian Capital is also served by 4 AMAT (Comunal Public Transport Operator) tramlines; [[Messina]] is served by a [[Trams in Messina|tramline]].

===Airports===
{{Main|List of airports in Sicily}}
[[File:Aeroporto di Catania - Catania Airport.JPG|thumb|[[Catania–Fontanarossa Airport|Catania International Airport]]]]
Sicily has several airports that serve numerous Italian and European destinations and some extra-European.
* [[Catania-Fontanarossa Airport]], located on the east coast, is the busiest on the island (and one of the busiest in all of Italy).
* [[Palermo International Airport]], which is also a substantially large airport with many national and international flights.
* [[Trapani-Birgi Airport]], a military-civil joint-use airport (third for traffic on the island). Recently the airport has seen an increase in traffic thanks to the low-cost carrier [[Ryanair]].
* [[Comiso Airport|Comiso-Ragusa Airport]], has recently been refurbished and re-converted from military use to a civil airport. It was opened to commercial traffic and general aviation on 30 May 2013.
* [[Palermo-Boccadifalco Airport]] is the old airport of Palermo and is currently used for [[general aviation]] and as a base for the [[Guardia di Finanza]] and [[police helicopter]]s.
* [[Naval Air Station Sigonella|NAS Sigonella Airport]], it is an Italian Air Force and US Navy installation.
* [[Lampedusa Airport]].
* [[Pantelleria Airport]].

===Ports===
[[File:Archimarina.JPG|thumb|The port of [[Catania]]]]
By sea, Sicily is served by several ferry routes and cargo ports, and in all major cities, cruise ships dock on a regular basis.
* Mainland Italy: Ports connecting to the mainland are [[Messina]] (route to [[Villa San Giovanni]] and [[Salerno]]), the busiest passenger port in Italy, [[Palermo]] (routes to [[Genoa]], [[Civitavecchia]] and [[Naples]]) and [[Catania]] (route to [[Naples]]).
* Sicily's small surrounding islands: The port of [[Milazzo]] serves the [[Aeolian Islands]], the ports of [[Trapani]] and [[Marsala]] the [[Aegadian Islands]] and the port of [[Porto Empedocle]] the [[Pelagie Islands]]. From Palermo there is a service to the island of [[Ustica]] and to [[Sardinia]].
* International connections: From Palermo and Trapani there are weekly services to [[Tunisia]] and there is also a daily service between [[Malta]] and [[Port of Pozzallo|Pozzallo]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://it.geocities.com/traghetti2002/sicilia.html |publisher=Traghetti Guida |title=Traghetti Sicily 2008|date=2 January 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071114044904/http://it.geocities.com/traghetti2002/sicilia.html |archive-date=14 November 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.virtuferries.com/index.aspx |publisher=VirtuFerries.com |title=High speed car/passenger ferry service |date=2 January 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080812054941/http://www.virtuferries.com/index.aspx |archive-date=12 August 2008}}</ref>
* Commercial and cargo ports: The port of [[Augusta, Sicily|Augusta]] is the fifth-largest cargo port in Italy and handles tonnes of goods. Other major cargo ports are Palermo, Catania, Trapani, [[Port of Pozzallo|Pozzallo]] and [[Termini Imerese]].
* Touristic ports: Several ports along the Sicilian coast are in the service of private boats that need to moor on the island. The main ports for this traffic are in [[Marina di Ragusa]], [[Riposto]], [[Portorosa]], [[Syracuse, Sicily|Syracuse]], [[Cefalù]] and [[Sciacca]]. In Sicily, Palermo is also a major centre for boat rental, with or without crew, in the Mediterranean.
* Fishing ports: Like all islands, Sicily also has many fishing ports. The most important is in [[Mazara del Vallo]] followed by [[Castellamare del Golfo]], [[Licata]], [[Scoglitti]] and [[Portopalo di Capo Passero]].

===Planned bridge===
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{{Main|Strait of Messina Bridge}}

Plans for a bridge linking Sicily to the mainland have been discussed since 1865. Throughout the last decade, plans were developed for a road and rail link to the mainland via what would be the world's longest [[suspension bridge]], the [[Strait of Messina Bridge]]. Planning for the project has experienced several false starts over the past few decades. On 6 March 2009, [[Silvio Berlusconi]]'s government declared that the construction works for the Messina Bridge would begin on 23 December 2009, and announced a pledge of €1.3&nbsp;billion as a contribution to the bridge's total cost, estimated at €6.1&nbsp;billion.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7928949.stm "Italy revives Sicily bridge plan"]. [[BBC News]]. Retrieved 8 March 2009.</ref> The plan has been criticized by environmental associations and some local Sicilians and Calabrians, concerned with its environmental impact, economic sustainability and even possible infiltrations by organized crime.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/italy/story/0,,1920199,00.html |work=Guardian.co.uk |title=Italian MPs kill plan to bridge Sicily and mainland |date=2 January 2008 |location=London |first=John |last=Hooper |access-date=30 March 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB120777463250502755?mod=todays_us_nonsub_page_one&apl=y&r=769642 |newspaper=Wall Street Journal |title=No Italian Job Takes Longer Than This Bridge |date=10 April 2008 |first=Gabriel |last=Kahn}}</ref>