Editing Shanghai (section)

===Roads and expressways===
{{See also|Expressways of Shanghai}}
[[File:Yan'an East Road Interchange, Shanghai, China (Unsplash).jpg|thumb|left|[[Interchange (road)|Interchange]] between [[Yan'an Elevated Road]] and [[North–South Elevated Road (Shanghai)|North–South Elevated Road]]]]

Shanghai is a major hub of [[Expressways of China|China's expressway network]]. Many national expressways (prefixed with the letter G) pass through or end in Shanghai, including [[G2 Beijing–Shanghai Expressway|Jinghu Expressway]] (overlaps with [[G42 Shanghai–Chengdu Expressway|Hurong Expressway]]), [[G15 Shenyang–Haikou Expressway|Shenhai Expressway]], [[G40 Shanghai–Xi'an Expressway|Hushaan Expressway]], [[G50 Shanghai–Chongqing Expressway|Huyu Expressway]], [[G60 Shanghai–Kunming Expressway|Hukun Expressway]] (overlaps with [[G92 Hangzhou Bay Ring Expressway|Hangzhou Bay Ring Expressway]]), and [[G1503 Shanghai Ring Expressway|Shanghai Ring Expressway]].<ref name="expresswayshanghai">{{cite web|url=http://www.shanghai.gov.cn/nw2/nw2314/nw3766/nw3826/nw23313/u1aw478.html|script-title=zh:高速公路网|website=shanghai.gov.cn|access-date=28 August 2019|language=zh|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190828085045/http://www.shanghai.gov.cn/nw2/nw2314/nw3766/nw3826/nw23313/u1aw478.html|archive-date=28 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> There are also numerous municipal expressways prefixed with the letter S.<ref name="expresswayshanghai" /> As of 2019, Shanghai has a total of 12 bridges and 14 tunnels crossing the Huangpu River.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://sh.sina.com.cn/news/m/2017-12-07/detail-ifyppemf5760887.shtml|date=7 December 2017|script-title=zh:上海人飞跃黄浦江历史:建14条隧道12座大桥8条轨交|access-date=28 August 2019|language=zh|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190828051031/http://sh.sina.com.cn/news/m/2017-12-07/detail-ifyppemf5760887.shtml|archive-date=28 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.jfdaily.com/news/detail?id=96784|date=18 July 2018|script-title=zh:黄浦江上第13座大桥开始主塔施工，除了可以"走"，还有哪里与众不同？|access-date=28 August 2019|language=zh|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718033241/https://www.jfdaily.com/news/detail?id=96784|archive-date=18 July 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge]] is the city's only [[Yangtze River bridges and tunnels|bridge–tunnel complex across Yangtze River]].

The expressway network within the city center consists of [[North–South Elevated Road (Shanghai)|North–South Elevated Road]], [[Yan'an Elevated Road]], and [[Inner Ring Road (Shanghai)|Inner Ring Road]]. Other ring roads in Shanghai include [[Middle Ring Road (Shanghai)|Middle Ring Road]], [[Shanghai Outer Ring Expressway|Outer Ring Expressway]], and Shanghai Ring Expressway.

[[File:Shared bikes on Hongqiao Road.jpg|thumb|Bicycle-sharing systems, such as Mobike (yellow), Hello (blue), and DiDi Bike (lime), are common in Shanghai.]]
Bicycle lanes are common in Shanghai, separating non-motorized traffic from car traffic on most surface streets. However, on some main roads, including all expressways, bicycles and motorcycles are banned. In recent years, cycling has seen a resurgence in popularity due to the emergence of a large number of dockless app-based [[bicycle-sharing system]]s, such as [[Mobike]], [[Hello (Chinese company)|Hello]], and {{ill|DiDi Bike|zh|滴滴青桔}} .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.whatsonweibo.com/ofo-mobike-bluegogo-chinas-messy-bikeshare-market/ |title=Ofo, Mobike, BlueGogo: China's Messy Bikeshare Market |website=What's on Weibo |date=28 April 2017 |access-date=13 August 2017 |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806025220/http://www.whatsonweibo.com/ofo-mobike-bluegogo-chinas-messy-bikeshare-market/ |archive-date = 6 August 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=[Hai Guide] Everything you need to know about those shared bikes |url=https://www.citynewsservice.cn/service/%5BHai-Guide%5D-Everything-you-need-to-know-about-those-shared-bikes-qyjar4kb0vmxp63w |access-date=2024-10-06 |website=www.citynewsservice.cn |language=en}}</ref> {{as of|2018|12}}, bicycle-sharing systems had an average of 1.15 million daily riders within the city.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.jfdaily.com/wx/detail.do?id=128912 |title = zh:共享单车最新调查 上海共享单车一年时间缩水一大半，"共享经济"是伪命题吗？ |work=Shanghai Observer |date=23 January 2019 |language=zh | trans-title=The latest survey of shared bicycles |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191117003939/https://www.jfdaily.com/wx/detail.do%3Fid%3D128912 |archive-date=17 November 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Private car ownership in Shanghai is rapidly increasing: in 2019, there were 3.40 million private cars in the city, a 12.5% increase from 2018.<ref name="SHECO2019" /> New private cars cannot be driven without a [[license plate]], which are sold in monthly license plate auctions. Around 9,500 license plates are auctioned each month, and the average price is about {{CNY|89,600}} ({{US$|12,739}}) in 2019.<ref>{{cite news|url = https://www.jfdaily.com/news/detail?id=184394 |script-title=zh:10月沪牌拍卖结果出炉：中标率6.1%，最低成交价8.93万元 |work = Shanghai Observer |date = 26 October 2019 |access-date = 27 November 2019 |language = zh}}</ref> According to the city's vehicle regulations introduced in June 2016, only locally registered residents and those who have paid social insurance or individual income taxes for over three years are eligible to be in the auction. The purpose of this policy is to limit the growth of automobile traffic and alleviate congestion.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.shanghai.gov.cn/nw2/nw2314/nw32419/nw32422/nw32426/nw32487/u21aw1139737.html |script-title=zh:沪牌拍卖规定修订完善调整申请人资格条件 名下已有沪牌额度的不可再参拍 |publisher=Shanghai Municipal Government |date=19 June 2016 |access-date=27 November 2019 |language=zh |archive-date=7 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807171929/http://www.shanghai.gov.cn/nw2/nw2314/nw32419/nw32422/nw32426/nw32487/u21aw1139737.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> Public transport, biking infrastructure, walkability, generally permits to live in the city without a car.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Taylor |first1=Mike |title=China's public transit system continues to set world records — here's what the U.S. could learn |url=https://news.yahoo.com/china-public-transit-system-continues-093000914.html |access-date=5 May 2024 |agency=Yahoo |date=17 August 2023 |archive-date=5 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505092853/https://news.yahoo.com/china-public-transit-system-continues-093000914.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Living in Shanghai Guide |url=https://www.maxviewrealty.com/Car_and_Driving.html |website=Maxview realty |access-date=5 May 2024 |archive-date=5 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505133019/https://www.maxviewrealty.com/Car_and_Driving.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Getting around in Shanghai |url=https://www.expatarrivals.com/asia-pacific/china/shanghai/getting-around-shanghai |website=Expat Arrivals |access-date=5 May 2024}}</ref>

License plates for fully electric cars or plug-in hybrid vehicles are free.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Li |first=David Daokui |title=China's World View: Demystifying China to Prevent Global Conflict |date=2024 |publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company]] |isbn=978-0393292398 |location=New York, NY |author-link=David Daokui Li}}</ref>{{Rp|page=168}}