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=== Ozone hole over tropics === Physicist Qing-Bin Lu, of the University of Waterloo, claimed to have discovered a large, all-season ozone hole in the lower stratosphere over the tropics in July 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=American Institute of Physics |date=2022-07-05 |title=Discovery reveals large, year-round ozone hole over tropics: 'New' ozone hole much larger than Antarctic ozone hole |url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/07/220705112242.htm |access-date=2022-07-06 |website=ScienceDaily |language=en}}</ref> However, other researchers in the field refuted this claim, stating that the research was riddled with "serious errors and unsubstantiated assertions."<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.sciencemediacentre.org/expert-reaction-to-research-claiming-ozone-hole-over-tropics/ | title=Expert reaction to research claiming ozone hole over tropics | Science Media Centre }}</ref> According to Dr Paul Young, a lead author of the 2022 WMO/UNEP Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion, "The author's identification of a 'tropical ozone hole' is down to him looking at percentage changes in ozone, rather than absolute changes, with the latter being much more relevant for damaging UV reaching the surface." Specifically, Lu's work defines "ozone hole" as "an area with O3 loss in percent larger than 25%, with respect to the undisturbed O3 value when there were no significant CFCs in the stratosphere (~ in the 1960s)"<ref>{{Citation |author=Lu |first=Qing-Bin |title=Observation of large and all-season ozone losses over the tropics |journal=AIP Advances |volume=12 |issue=7 |pages=075006 |year=2022 |arxiv=2112.14977 |bibcode=2022AIPA...12g5006L |doi=10.1063/5.0094629 |s2cid=251643894}}.</ref> instead of the general definition of 220 Dobson units or lower. Dr Marta Abalos Alvarez has added "Ozone depletion in the tropics is nothing new and is mainly due to the acceleration of the Brewer-Dobson circulation."
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