Editing Organ transplantation (section)

=== Timeline of transplants ===
* 1869: First skin autograft-transplantation by Carl Bunger, who documented the first modern successful [[skin graft]] on a person. Bunger repaired a person's nose destroyed by [[syphilis]] by grafting flesh from the inner thigh to the nose, in a method reminiscent of the ''[[Sushrutha]]''.
* 1905: First successful cornea transplant by [[Eduard Zirm]] (Czech Republic)
* 1908: First skin allograft-transplantation of skin from a donor to a recipient (Switzerland)
* 1931: First uterus transplantation ([[Lili Elbe]]).
* 1950: First successful kidney transplant by Dr. [[Richard H. Lawler]] ([[Chicago]], US)<ref name="Lawler">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/07/27/obituaries/rh-lawler-pioneer-of-kidney-transplants.html |title=R.H. Lawler, Pioneer of Kidney Transplants |date=27 July 1982 |newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=25 December 2013}}</ref>
* 1954: First living related kidney transplant ([[identical twins]]) (US)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/dm54ki.html |title=A Science Odyssey: People and Discoveries: First successful kidney transplant performed |publisher=[[PBS]] |access-date=25 December 2013}}</ref>
* 1954: Brazil's first successful corneal transplant, the first liver (Brazil)
* 1955: First [[heart valve]] allograft into descending [[aorta]] (Canada)
* 1963: First successful lung transplant by [[James Hardy (surgeon)|James D. Hardy]] with patient living 18 days (US)
* 1964: [[James Hardy (surgeon)|James D. Hardy]] attempts heart transplant using chimpanzee heart (US)
* 1964: Human patient lived nine months with chimpanzee kidneys, twelve other human patients only lived one to two months, Keith Reemtsma and team (New Orleans, US)
* 1965: [[Spain]]'s first successful kidney transplant at [[Hospital Clínic de Barcelona|Hospital Clinic]] de [[Barcelona]], [[Catalonia]], [[Spain]], by a [[surgeon]] team led by Josep Maria Gil-Vernet and Antoni Caralps. The patient, a woman, had a very long life since the procedure.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sctransplant.org/pioneng.html| title=Transplantation: Catalan pioneers|access-date=10 December 2022}}</ref>
* 1965: Australia's first successful (living) kidney transplant ([[Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide|Queen Elizabeth Hospital]], [[South Australia|SA]], Australia)
* 1966: First successful pancreas transplant by [[Richard C. Lillehei]] and William Kelly ([[Minnesota]], US)
* 1967: First successful liver transplant by [[Thomas Starzl]] (Denver, US)
* 1967: First successful heart transplant by [[Christiaan Barnard]] (Cape Town, South Africa)
* 1978 Use of ciclosporin in clinical renal transplants<ref>Roy Calne. Essay History of transplantation. Lancet 2006; 368: S51–S52</ref>
* 1981 Use of monoclonal antibodies to lymphocytes in organ grafting
* 1981: First successful heart/lung transplant by [[Bruce Reitz]] (Stanford, US)
* 1983: First successful lung lobe transplant by [[Joel D. Cooper|Joel Cooper]] at the [[Toronto General Hospital]] ([[Toronto]], Canada)
* 1984: First successful double organ transplant by [[Thomas Starzl]] and Henry T. Bahnson ([[Pittsburgh]], US)
* 1986: First successful double-lung transplant ([[Ann Harrison (lung transplant recipient)|Ann Harrison]]) by [[Joel D. Cooper|Joel Cooper]] at the [[Toronto General Hospital]] (Toronto, Canada)
* 1990: First successful adult segmental living-related liver transplant by [[Mehmet Haberal]] (Ankara, Turkey)
* 1992: First successful combined liver-kidney transplantation from a living-related donor by [[Mehmet Haberal]]{{Citation needed|date=January 2023}} (Ankara, Turkey)
* 1995: First successful [[Laparoscopic surgery|laparoscopic]] live-donor nephrectomy by Lloyd Ratner and Louis Kavoussi ([[Baltimore]], US)
* 1997: First successful allogeneic vascularized transplantation of a fresh and perfused human [[knee]] joint by [[Gunther O. Hofmann]]
* 1997: Illinois' first living donor kidney-pancreas transplant and first robotic living donor pancreatectomy in the US. [[University of Illinois Medical Center]]
* 1998: First successful live-donor partial [[pancreas transplant]] by David Sutherland (Minnesota, US)
* 1998: First successful hand transplant by Dr. [[Jean-Michel Dubernard]] ([[Lyon]], France)
* 1998: United States' first adult-to-adult living donor liver transplant [[University of Illinois Medical Center]]
* 1999: First successful tissue engineered [[bladder]] transplanted by [[Anthony Atala]] ([[Boston Children's Hospital]], US)
* 2000: First robotic donor nephrectomy for a living-donor kidney transplant in the world [[University of Illinois Medical Center]]
* 2004: First liver and small bowel transplants from same living donor into same recipient in the world [[University of Illinois Medical Center]]
* 2005: First successful ovarian transplant by Dr. P. N. Mhatre (Wadia Hospital, [[Mumbai]], India)
* 2005: First successful partial [[face transplant]] (France)
* 2005: First robotic hepatectomy in the United States [[University of Illinois Medical Center]]
* 2006: Illinois' first paired donation for ABO incompatible kidney transplant [[University of Illinois Medical Center]]
* 2006: First [[jaw]] transplant to combine donor [[jaw]] with [[bone marrow]] from the patient, by [[Eric M. Genden]] ([[Mount Sinai Hospital, New York|Mount Sinai Hospital]], [[New York City]], US)
* 2006: First successful human [[penis transplant]] (later reversed after 15 days due to 44-year-old recipient's wife's psychological rejection) ([[Guangzhou]], China)<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2006/sep/18/medicineandhealth.china |work=The Guardian |location=London |title=Man rejects first penis transplant |first=Ian |last=Sample |date=18 September 2006 |access-date=22 May 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=A preliminary report of penile transplantation |year=2006 |journal=European Urology |pages=851–53 |volume=50 |issue=4 |doi=10.1016/j.eururo.2006.07.026 |pmid=16930814 |last1=Hu |first1=W |last2=Lu |first2=J |last3=Zhang |first3=L |last4=Wu |first4=W |last5=Nie |first5=H |last6=Zhu |first6=Y |last7=Deng |first7=Z |last8=Zhao |first8=Y |last9=Sheng |first9=W |last10=Chao |first10=Q |last11=Qiu |first11=X |last12=Yang |first12=J |last13=Bai |first13=Y}}</ref>
* 2008: First successful complete full double [[arm]] transplant by Edgar Biemer, Christoph Höhnke and Manfred Stangl ([[Technical University of Munich]], Germany)
* 2008: First baby born from transplanted ovary. The transplant was carried out by Dr Sherman Silber at the Infertility Centre of St Louis in Missouri. The donor is her twin sister.<ref>{{cite news |title=Woman to give birth after first ovary transplant pregnancy |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2008/nov/09/health|newspaper=The Guardian |date=9 November 2008|last1=Randerson|first1=James}}</ref>
* 2008: First transplant of a [[Vertebrate trachea|human windpipe]] using a patient's own stem cells, by [[Paolo Macchiarini]] ([[Barcelona]], Spain)
* 2008: First successful transplantation of near total area (80%) of [[face transplant|face]], (including [[palate]], [[nose]], [[cheeks]], and [[eyelid]]) by [[Maria Siemionow]] ([[Cleveland Clinic]], US)
* 2009: Worlds' first robotic kidney transplant in an obese patient [[University of Illinois Medical Center]]
* 2010: First full facial transplant by Dr. Joan Pere Barret and team (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron on 26 July 2010, in [[Barcelona]], Spain)
* 2011: First double leg transplant by Dr. Cavadas and team (Valencia's Hospital, La Fe, Spain)
* 2012: First simultaneous robotic bariatric surgery (sleeve gastrectomy) and kidney transplantation (university of Illinois at Chicago).  ([https://chicago.medicine.uic.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2018/06/The-Cutting-Edge-Fall-2012.pdf#:~:text=By%20simultaneously%20undergoing%20two%20procedures%E2%80%94robotic-assisted%20kidney%20transplantation%20and,Surgeons%20can%20utilize%20the%20same%20minimally%20invasive%20incisions/ 1]).  ([https://today.uic.edu/first-simultaneous-robotic-kidney-transplant-sleeve-gastrectomy-performed/ 2])
* 2012: First Robotic Alloparathyroid transplant. University of Illinois Chicago
* 2013: First successful entire face transplantation as an urgent life-saving surgery at [[Curie Institute, Warsaw|Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology]] branch in [[Gliwice]], Poland.<ref>{{cite news |title=Polish man gets quick face transplant after injury |url=https://news.yahoo.com/polish-man-gets-quick-face-transplant-injury-154622336.html |work=Yahoo! News |date=22 May 2013 |access-date=29 May 2013}}</ref>
* 2014: First successful uterine transplant resulting in live birth (Sweden)
* 2014: First successful penis transplant. (South Africa)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/03/13/health/penis-transplant-south-africa/|author=Joseph Netto|title=Doctors claim first successful penis transplant|date=13 March 2015|publisher=CNN}}</ref>
* 2014: First neonatal organ transplant. (UK)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.com/travel/destinations/uk-travel/newborn-baby-is-youngest-organ-donor-in-britain-hw0pnw90mxf|author=Kat Lay|title=Newborn baby is youngest organ donor in Britain|newspaper=[[The Times]]|location=U.K.|date=20 January 2015}}</ref>
* 2018: Skin gun invented, which takes a small amount of healthy skin to be grown in a lab, then is sprayed onto burnt skin. This way skin will heal in days instead of months and will not scar.
* 2019: First [[Delivery drone|drone delivery]] of a donated kidney, that was then successfully transplanted into a patient. (US)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/05/01/health/drone-organ-transplant-bn-trnd/index.html|author=Susan Scutti|title=First drone delivery of a donated kidney ends with successful transplant|newspaper=CNN|location=U.S.|date=1 May 2019}}</ref>
* 2021: First transplant of both arms and shoulders performed on an Icelandic patient at the Édouard Herriot Hospital. (FR)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/sante/os-et-muscles/double-greffe-du-bras-et-des-epaules-a-lyon-une-premiere-mondiale_150843|author=Sciences et Avenir with AFP|title=Double greffe des bras et des épaules à Lyon, une première mondiale|newspaper=Sciences et Avenir|location=France|date=15 January 2021}}</ref>
* 2022: First successful heart transplant from a pig to a human patient. (US)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.umms.org/ummc/news/2022/first-successful-transplant-of-porcine-heart-into-adult-human-heart|title=University of Maryland School of Medicine Faculty Scientists and Clinicians Perform Historic First Successful Transplant of Porcine Heart into Adult Human with End-Stage Heart Disease|newspaper=University of Maryland Medical Center|location=U.S|date=10 January 2022}}</ref> The recipient later died as the pig's heart was infected with porcine cytomegalovirus.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/may/06/man-landmark-pig-heart-transplant-death-pig-virus|author=Maya Yang|title= Man who received landmark pig heart transplant died of pig virus, surgeon says|date=6 May 2022|work=The Guardian}}</ref>
* 2023: First main pulmonary artery transplant to extend cancer treatment possibility by Prof. Stefano Cafarotti and team (Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano - Switzerland)<ref name="Ambrogi2023">{{cite journal|access-date=11 April 2025 |date=3 April 2023 |doi=10.1093/ejcts/ezad127 |first=Marcello Carlo |first2=Vittorio |first3=Marco |language=en |last=Ambrogi |last2=Aprile |last3=Lucchi |magazine=European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery |number=4 |title=Surgery for advanced thymic malignancies: how far can we push the limit? |url=https://academic.oup.com/ejcts/article/doi/10.1093/ejcts/ezad127/7108864 |volume=63|doi-access=free }}<!-- auto-translated from Italian by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref name="Cafarotti2023">{{cite journal|access-date=11 April 2025 |date=April 2023 |doi=10.1093/ejcts/ezad069 |first=Stefano |first2=Tiziano |first3=Miriam |first4=Stefanos |language=en |last=Cafarotti |last2=Torre |last3=Patella |last4=Demertzis |magazine=European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery |number=4 |pmid=36852845 |title=Resection of thymic carcinoma after induction therapy and reconstruction of right ventricular outflow tract with pulmonary homograft |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezad069 |volume=63|doi-access=free }}<!-- auto-translated from Italian by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite web|access-date=19 April 2025 |date=12 April 2023 |publisher=Radiotelevisione svizzera |title=Prima mondiale al Cardiocentro |url=https://www.rsi.ch/news/ticino-e-grigioni-e-insubria/Prima-mondiale-al-Cardiocentro-15871984.html |website=RSI News}}<!-- auto-translated from Italian by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>[https://www.bluewin.ch/it/attualita/regionali/prima-mondiale-al-cardiocentro-1251824.html Bluewin. "Prima mondiale al Cardiocentro"]</ref><ref>[https://www.tio.ch/ticino/attualita/1588406/intervento-cardiocentro-tumore-arteria-petto Ticinonews. "Intervento al Cardiocentro per un tumore all'arteria polmonare"]</ref><ref>[https://www.cardiocentro.org/it/press/un-intervento-straordinario-al-cardiocentro Cardiocentro. "Un intervento straordinario al Cardiocentro"]</ref><ref>[https://www.pr.com/press-release/936276 PR.com. "Press release: World-first lung artery transplant at Cardiocentro"]</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=18 April 2025 |language=en |title=World-First Pulmonary Artery Transplant Performed In Thymic Carcinoma Case By Professor Stefano Cafarotti |url=https://www.benzinga.com/pressreleases/25/04/r44800812/world-first-pulmonary-artery-transplant-performed-in-thymic-carcinoma-case-by-professor-stefano-ca |website=Benzinga}}<!-- auto-translated from Italian by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite web|access-date=24 April 2025 |author=Robert Krcmar |date=8 June 2022 |language=it |title=Un intervento unico al mondo al Cardiocentro |url=https://www.tio.ch/ticino/attualita/1588406/intervento-cardiocentro-tumore-arteria-petto |website=tio.ch}}<!-- auto-translated from Italian by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>