Editing Ohio (section)

==Government and politics==

===State government===
{{Main|Government of Ohio}}
[[File:Ohio Statehouse exterior.jpg|thumb|The [[Ohio Statehouse]] in Columbus, home to the [[Ohio General Assembly]]]]

The state government of Ohio consists of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches.<ref name="CO">{{cite web | title = Constitution Online | publisher = Ohio General Assembly | url = https://www.legislature.ohio.gov/laws/ohio-constitution?Part=3&Section=01 | access-date = March 25, 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304052752/https://www.legislature.ohio.gov/laws/ohio-constitution?Part=3&Section=01 | archive-date = March 4, 2016 | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Constitution Online | publisher = Ohio General Assembly | url = https://www.legislature.ohio.gov/laws/ohio-constitution?Part=4&Section=01 | access-date = March 25, 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023513/https://www.legislature.ohio.gov/laws/ohio-constitution?Part=4&Section=01 | archive-date = March 4, 2016 | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Constitution Online | publisher = Ohio General Assembly | url = https://www.legislature.ohio.gov/laws/ohio-constitution?Part=2&Section=01 | access-date = March 25, 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160404181108/https://www.legislature.ohio.gov/laws/ohio-constitution?Part=2&Section=01 | archive-date = April 4, 2016 | url-status = live }}</ref>

The executive branch is headed by the [[List of Governors of Ohio|governor of Ohio]].<ref name="CO" /> The current governor is [[Mike DeWine]] since 2019, a member of the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]].<ref name="GOV">{{cite web |title=The Governors of Ohio |publisher=Ohio Historical Society |date=January 8, 2007 |url=http://www.ohiohistory.org/onlinedoc/ohgovernment/governors/ |access-date=March 25, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605224802/http://www.ohiohistory.org/onlinedoc/ohgovernment/governors/ |archive-date=June 5, 2011 }}</ref> A [[Lieutenant Governor of Ohio|lieutenant governor]] succeeds the governor in the event of any removal from office, and performs any duties assigned by the governor.<ref>{{cite web| title = Constitution Online| publisher = Ohio General Assembly| url = https://www.legislature.ohio.gov/laws/ohio-constitution?Part=3&Section=15| access-date = March 25, 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181001114549/https://www.legislature.ohio.gov/laws/ohio-constitution?Part=3&Section=15| archive-date = October 1, 2018| url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Constitution Online| publisher = Ohio General Assembly| url = https://www.legislature.ohio.gov/laws/ohio-constitution?Part=3&Section=01b| access-date = March 25, 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304024808/https://www.legislature.ohio.gov/laws/ohio-constitution?Part=3&Section=01b| archive-date = March 4, 2016| url-status = live}}</ref> The current lieutenant governor is [[Jim Tressel]]. The other elected constitutional offices in the executive branch are the [[Ohio Secretary of State|secretary of state]] ([[Frank LaRose]]), [[Ohio State Auditor|auditor]] ([[Keith Faber]]), [[Ohio State Treasurer|treasurer]] ([[Robert Sprague]]), and [[Ohio Attorney General|attorney general]] ([[Dave Yost]]).<ref name="CO" /> There are 21 state administrative departments in the executive branch.<ref>{{cite book|chapter=The Ohio Executive Branch|pages=263–264|title=Ohio Politics|first=John J.|last=Gargan|editor-first=Mary Anne|editor-last=Sharkey|year=1994|publisher=[[Kent State University Press]]|isbn=0-87338-509-8|lccn=94-7637|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v7hkbUXIQdwC&pg=PA264|access-date=February 10, 2021|archive-date=February 16, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210216234435/https://books.google.com/books?id=v7hkbUXIQdwC&pg=PA264|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>[[Ohio Revised Code]] § 121.01 ''et seq.'' Ohio Revised Code § 5703.01 ''et seq.'' Ohio Revised Code § 3301.13.</ref>

The [[Ohio General Assembly]] is a [[bicameral]] legislature consisting of the [[Ohio Senate|Senate]] and [[Ohio House of Representatives|House of Representatives]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Ohio General Assembly |publisher=Ohio History Central |date=July 1, 2005 |url=http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=2126 |access-date=March 25, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828082257/http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=2126 |archive-date=August 28, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref> The Senate is composed of 33 districts, each of which is represented by one senator. Each senator represents approximately 330,000 [[Electoral district|constituents]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://ballotpedia.org/Population_represented_by_state_legislators |title=Population represented by state legislators—Ballotpedia|access-date=March 6, 2017|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170318010456/https://ballotpedia.org/Population_represented_by_state_legislators|archive-date=March 18, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> The House of Representatives has 99 members.<ref>{{cite web |title=Government |publisher=Congressman Michael Turner |url=http://turner.house.gov/District/Government.htm |access-date=March 25, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325134028/http://turner.house.gov/District/Government.htm |archive-date=March 25, 2009 }}</ref> The Republican Party is the majority party in both houses as of the [[2022 Ohio elections|2022 election cycle]].

In order to be enacted into law, a bill must be adopted by both houses of the General Assembly and signed by the governor. If the governor vetoes a bill, the General Assembly can override the veto with a three-fifths supermajority of both houses. A bill will also become a law if the governor fails to sign or veto it within 10 days of its being presented. The [[session laws]] are published in the official ''[[Law of Ohio]]''.{{sfn|Putnam|Schaefgen|1997|pp=31-32}} These in turn have been [[codification (law)|codified]] in the ''[[Ohio Revised Code]]''.{{sfn|Putnam|Schaefgen|1997|pp=65-66}} The General Assembly, with the approval of the governor, draws the U.S. congressional district lines for Ohio's 16 seats in the [[United States House of Representatives]]. The [[Ohio Apportionment Board]] draws state legislative district lines in Ohio.

[[File:Ohio State Office Building 2.jpg|thumb|The [[Thomas J. Moyer Ohio Judicial Center]] holds the [[Supreme Court of Ohio]].]]

There are three levels of the Ohio state [[judiciary]]. The lowest is the court of common pleas: each county maintains its own constitutionally mandated court of common pleas, which maintain jurisdiction over "all justiciable matters".<ref name="District">{{cite web |title=Constitution Online |publisher=Ohio General Assembly |url=https://www.legislature.ohio.gov/laws/ohio-constitution?Part=4&Section=04 |access-date=March 25, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304052233/https://www.legislature.ohio.gov/laws/ohio-constitution?Part=4&Section=04 |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> The intermediate-level court system is the district court system.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ohio District Courts of Appeal |publisher=Ohio Judiciary System |url=http://www.supremecourt.ohio.gov/JudSystem/districtCourts/ |access-date=March 25, 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090514001636/http://www.supremecourt.ohio.gov/JudSystem/districtCourts/ |archive-date=May 14, 2009}}</ref> Twelve courts of appeals exist, each retaining jurisdiction over appeals from common pleas, municipal, and county courts in a set geographical area.<ref name="District" /> A case heard in this system is decided by a three-judge panel, and each judge is elected.<ref name="District" />

The state's highest-ranking court is the [[Ohio Supreme Court]].<ref name="SCOO">{{cite web | title = The Supreme Court of Ohio Jurisdiction & Authority | publisher = The Ohio Judicial System | url = http://www.supremecourt.ohio.gov/SCO/jurisdiction/default.asp | access-date = March 25, 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090314015128/http://www.supremecourt.ohio.gov/SCO/jurisdiction/default.asp | archive-date = March 14, 2009 | url-status = live }}</ref> A seven-justice panel composes the court, which, by its own [[Certiorari#State courts|discretion]], hears appeals from the courts of appeals, and retains original jurisdiction over limited matters.<ref>{{cite web | title = Constitution Online | publisher = Ohio General Assembly | year = 2009 | url = https://www.legislature.ohio.gov/laws/ohio-constitution?Part=4&Section=02 | access-date = March 25, 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160404171811/https://www.legislature.ohio.gov/laws/ohio-constitution?Part=4&Section=02 | archive-date = April 4, 2016 | url-status = live }}</ref>

===Local government===
{{see also|List of counties in Ohio|List of municipalities in Ohio|List of townships in Ohio}}

There are also several levels of local government in Ohio: [[List of counties in Ohio|counties]], municipalities ([[List of cities in Ohio|cities]] and [[List of villages in Ohio|villages]]), [[List of townships in Ohio|townships]], special districts, and school districts.

Ohio is divided into 88 counties.<ref>{{citation|title=Individual State Descriptions: 2007|series=2007 Census of Governments|date=November 2012|page=235|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|url=http://www2.census.gov/govs/cog/isd_book.pdf|ref={{harvid|Census|2007}}|access-date=February 27, 2022|archive-date=November 23, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123173109/http://www2.census.gov/govs/cog/isd_book.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Ohio law defines a structure for county government, although they may adopt charters for home rule.{{sfn|Census|2007|p=235}}{{sfn|Putnam|Schaefgen|1997|pp=[https://archive.org/details/ohiolegalresearc0000putn/page/106 106]–114}} [[Summit County, Ohio|Summit County]]{{sfn|Census|2007|p=235}} and [[Cuyahoga County, Ohio|Cuyahoga County]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://council.cuyahogacounty.us/pdf_council/en-US/Legislation/Charter/2018/COUNTY%20CHARTER%20WITH%20EXECUTED%20CERTIFICATE%20PAGE%20AS%20OF%2011-6-2018.pdf |title=Charter |date=2018 |website=council.cuyahogacounty.us |access-date=July 17, 2019 |archive-date=January 19, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119121224/http://council.cuyahogacounty.us/pdf_council/en-US/Legislation/Charter/2018/COUNTY%20CHARTER%20WITH%20EXECUTED%20CERTIFICATE%20PAGE%20AS%20OF%2011-6-2018.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> have chosen an alternate form of government. The other counties have a government with a three-member board of county commissioners,<ref>[[Ohio Revised Code]] § 305.01 ''et seq.''</ref> a sheriff,<ref>[[Ohio Revised Code]] § 311.01</ref> coroner,<ref>[[Ohio Revised Code]] § 313.01</ref> auditor,<ref>[[Ohio Revised Code]] § 319.01</ref> treasurer,<ref>[[Ohio Revised Code]] § 321.01</ref> clerk of the court of common pleas<ref>[[Ohio Revised Code]] § 2303.01</ref> prosecutor,<ref>[[Ohio Revised Code]] § 309.01</ref> engineer,<ref>[[Ohio Revised Code]] § 315.01</ref> and recorder.<ref>[[Ohio Revised Code]] § 317.01</ref>

There are two kinds of incorporated municipalities, 251 cities and 681 villages.{{sfn|Census|2007|p=235}}<ref name="Ohio Secretary of State">{{cite book |last=Ohio Secretary of State |title=The Ohio Municipal, Township and School Board Roster |url=http://www.sos.state.oh.us/SOS/publications.aspx#munros |access-date=February 27, 2022 |archive-date=July 19, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170719184750/http://www.sos.state.oh.us/SOS/publications.aspx#munros |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL1.ST13&prodType=table|title=American FactFinder - Results|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau|website=factfinder.census.gov|access-date=July 17, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203070753/https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL1.ST13&prodType=table|archive-date=December 3, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> If a municipality has five thousand or more residents as of the last [[United States Census]] it is a city, otherwise it is a village.{{sfn|Census|2007|p=235}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://codes.ohio.gov/orc/703.01 |title=Ohio Revised Code Section 703.01(A) |access-date=September 12, 2007 |archive-date=July 18, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718075908/http://codes.ohio.gov/orc/703.01 |url-status=live}}</ref> Municipalities have full home rule powers, may adopt a charter, ordinances and resolutions for self-government.{{sfn|Putnam|Schaefgen|1997|pp=106-114}} Each municipality chooses its own form of government, but most have elected mayors and city councils or city commissions. City governments provide much more extensive services than county governments, such as police forces and paid (as opposed to volunteer) fire departments.

The entire area of the state is encompassed by townships.{{sfn|Census|2007|p=235}} When the boundaries of a township are coterminous with the boundaries of a city or village, the township ceases to exist as a separate government (called a [[paper township]]).{{sfn|Census|2007|p=235}} Townships are governed by a three-member board of township trustees.{{sfn|Census|2007|p=235}} Townships may have limited home rule powers.{{sfn|Putnam|Schaefgen|1997|pp=110-111}}

There are more than 600 city, local, and exempted village school districts providing K-12 education in Ohio, as well as about four dozen joint vocation school districts, which are separate from the K-12 districts. Each city school district, local school district, or exempted village school district is governed by an elected board of education.{{sfn|Census|2007|p=235}} A school district previously under state supervision (municipal school district) may be governed by a board whose members either are elected or appointed by the mayor of the municipality containing the greatest portion of the district's area.{{sfn|Census|2007|p=235}}

===Politics===
{{Main|Politics of Ohio}}
{{See also|Elections in Ohio|Political party strength in Ohio}}
{| class="wikitable floatright"
! colspan = 6 | Party affiliation as of May 2024<ref>{{cite web
|title=SECRETARY OF STATE PROVIDES UPDATE ON PARTY AFFILIATION DATA
|access-date=May 15, 2022
|url=https://www.sciotopost.com/democrats-or-republicans-in-ohio-one-party-has-more-voters/
|archive-date=May 15, 2024
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240515072055/https://www.sciotopost.com/democrats-or-republicans-in-ohio-one-party-has-more-voters/
|url-status=live
}}</ref>
|-
! colspan = 2 | Party
! Registered voters
! Percentage
|-
| {{party color cell|Independent politician}}
| [[Independent voter|Unaffiliated]]
| align=center | 5,734,850
| align=center | 71.15%
|-
| {{party color cell|Republican Party (US)}}
| [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| align=center | 1,508,641
| align=center | 18.72%
|-
| {{party color cell|Democratic Party (US)}}
| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| align=center | 817,063
| align=center | 10.13%
|-
! colspan = 2 | Total
! align=center | 8,060,554
! align=center | 100%
|}

[[File:Ohio Presidential Election Results 2024.svg|thumb|[[2024 United States presidential election in Ohio|2024 U.S. presidential election results]] by county in Ohio {{leftlegend|#4389E3|Democratic}}{{leftlegend|#AA0000|Republican}}]]

Historian [[R. Douglas Hurt]] asserts that not since [[Politics of Virginia|Virginia]] "had a state made such a mark on national political affairs" as Ohio.<ref name="holli162">Holli (1999), p. 162.</ref> ''[[The Economist]]'' notes that "This slice of the mid-west contains a bit of everything American—part north-eastern and part southern, part urban and part rural, part hardscrabble poverty and part booming suburb".<ref>[http://www.economist.com/World/na/displayStory.cfm?story_id=5327576 " A grain of sand for your thoughts"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060226043446/http://www.economist.com/world/na/displaystory.cfm?story_id=5327576 |date=February 26, 2006 }}, ''The Economist'', December 20, 2005. Retrieved December 23, 2005.</ref>

Ohio is considered a moderately [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]-leaning state politically.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/once-a-swing-state-ohio-now-seems-to-lean-more-conservative/7565029.html |title=Once a swing state, Ohio now seems to lean more conservative |author=Stearns, Scott |publisher=Voice of America |date=April 10, 2024 |access-date=November 9, 2024 }}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite magazine |last=Mayer |first=Jane |date=2022-08-06 |title=State Legislatures Are Torching Democracy |language=en-US |magazine=The New Yorker |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2022/08/15/state-legislatures-are-torching-democracy |access-date=2023-12-30 |issn=0028-792X |archive-date=December 30, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230210851/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2022/08/15/state-legislatures-are-torching-democracy |url-status=live }}</ref> It had been a [[swing state]] in the late 20th and early 21st centuries; this status was called into question after the state voted for Republican [[Donald Trump]] at larger margins than the nation as a whole in the [[2016 United States presidential election in Ohio|2016]], [[2020 United States presidential election in Ohio|2020]] and [[2024 United States presidential election in Ohio|2024 presidential election]]s.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2020-election/ohio-has-taken-different-turn-ohio-no-longer-appears-be-n1247507 'Ohio has taken a different turn' - Why Ohio no longer appears to be a swing state] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724201809/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/amp/ncna1247507 |date=July 24, 2022 }}. [[NBC News]], November 12, 2020</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://ohiocapitaljournal.com/2024/10/11/why-ohio-is-not-considered-a-swing-state-in-this-years-presidential-election/ |title=Why Ohio is not considered a swing state in this year's presidential election |author=Henry, Megan |publisher=Ohio Capital Journal |date=October 11, 2024 |access-date=November 9, 2024 }}</ref> It is also considered a [[bellwether]] state.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/02/arts/02camp.html Trolling the Campuses for Swing-State Votes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528014334/http://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/02/arts/02camp.html |date=May 28, 2015 }}, Julie Salamon, "[[The New York Times]]", October 2, 2004</ref><ref>[http://www.slate.com/id/2108640/ Game Theory for Swingers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110201225851/http://www.slate.com/id/2108640/ |date=February 1, 2011 }}, Jordan Ellenberg, "[[Slate.com]]", October 25, 2004</ref> Since [[1896 United States presidential election|1896]], Ohio has had only three misses in the general election ([[1944 United States presidential election in Ohio|1944]], [[1960 United States presidential election in Ohio|1960]], [[2020 United States presidential election in Ohio|2020]]) and had the longest perfect streak of any state, voting for the winning presidential candidate in each election from [[1964 United States presidential election|1964]] to [[2016 United States presidential election|2016]] and in 34 of the 39 held since the [[American Civil War]]. No Republican has ever won the presidency without winning Ohio.

As of 2024, there are more than 8&nbsp;million registered Ohioan voters, of which over 70% are not affiliated with any political party. They are disproportionate in age, with a million more over 65 than there are 18- to 24-year-olds.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ohiovoterproject.org/|title=Weekly Voter Statistics For Ohio—May 4, 2019|date=May 5, 2019|website=Ohio Voter Project|language=en-US|access-date=May 5, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506001356/https://ohiovoterproject.org/|archive-date=May 6, 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> Since the [[2010 United States elections|2010 midterm elections]], Ohio's voter demographic has leaned towards the Republican Party.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.clevescene.com/scene-and-heard/archives/2018/11/01/ohio-voters-are-more-likely-to-be-old-white-without-higher-education-and-non-affiliated-with-a-political-party|title=Ohio Voters Are More Likely to be Old, White, Without Higher Education and Non-Affiliated with a Political Party|publisher=Clevescene|access-date=May 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506001358/https://www.clevescene.com/scene-and-heard/archives/2018/11/01/ohio-voters-are-more-likely-to-be-old-white-without-higher-education-and-non-affiliated-with-a-political-party|archive-date=May 6, 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The governor, [[Mike DeWine]], is Republican, as are all other non-judicial statewide elected officials. In the [[Ohio State Senate]] the Republicans are the majority, 25–8, and in the [[Ohio House of Representatives]] the Republicans control the delegation 64–35.

Following the 2020 census, Ohio has 15 seats in the [[U.S. House of Representatives]].<ref>{{cite news| last = Riskind| first = Jonathan| title = Ohio likely to lose 2 seats in Congress in 2012| newspaper = [[Columbus Dispatch]]| date = December 24, 2008| url = http://www.dispatchpolitics.com/live/content/national_world/stories/2008/12/24/ohcong.ART_ART_12-24-08_A6_0ACB253.html?sid=101| access-date = March 29, 2009| url-status=dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110510022750/http://www.dispatchpolitics.com/live/content/national_world/stories/2008/12/24/ohcong.ART_ART_12-24-08_A6_0ACB253.html?sid=101| archive-date = May 10, 2011| df = mdy-all}}</ref> As of the [[2024 Ohio elections|2024 election cycle]], ten federal representatives are Republicans while five are Democrats. [[Marcy Kaptur]] (D-[[Ohio's 9th congressional district|09]]) is the most senior member of the Ohio delegation to the U.S. House of Representatives.<ref>{{cite web| title = Rep. Marcy Kaptur (D-OH) Urges Homeowners to Stay in Foreclosed Homes| publisher = Democracy Now| date = February 3, 2009| url = http://i1.democracynow.org/2009/2/3/rep_marcy_kaptur_d_oh_urges| access-date = March 29, 2009| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090211121058/http://i1.democracynow.org/2009/2/3/rep_marcy_kaptur_d_oh_urges| archive-date = February 11, 2009| df = mdy-all}}</ref> The [[Seniority in the United States Senate|senior U.S. senator]] is [[Bernie Moreno]] and the junior is [[Jon Husted]]. Both are Republicans.

In 2023, Ohioans approved a [[November 2023 Ohio Issue 1|constitutional amendment]] strengthening abortion rights.<ref name="Ohio Ballot Board">{{cite web |last=Walsh |first=Maeve |date=March 13, 2023 |title=Abortion rights amendment certified by Ohio Ballot Board |url=https://www.nbc4i.com/news/local-news/columbus/abortion-rights-amendment-certified-by-ohio-ballot-board/ |accessdate=July 23, 2023 |work=[[WCMH-TV]]}}</ref>

==="Mother of presidents"===
Six U.S. presidents hailed from Ohio at the time of their elections, giving rise to its nickname "mother of presidents", a sobriquet it shares with [[Virginia]]. It is also termed "modern mother of presidents", in contrast to Virginia's status as the origin of presidents earlier in American history. Virginia-born [[William Henry Harrison]] lived much of his life in [[North Bend, Ohio]], was elected from the state and is also buried there. The other five presidents are [[Rutherford B. Hayes]], [[James A. Garfield]], [[William McKinley]], [[William Howard Taft]] and [[Warren G. Harding]].<ref name="HEINRICHS">{{cite book|author=Ann Heinrichs|title=Ohio|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VTnyaU2WkmUC&pg=PT43|date=January 1, 2003|publisher=Capstone|isbn=978-0-7565-0316-1|page=42|access-date=June 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906030717/https://books.google.com/books?id=VTnyaU2WkmUC&pg=PT43|archive-date=September 6, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Seven presidents were born in Ohio, making it second to Virginia's eight; in addition to the aforementioned five, [[Ulysses S. Grant]] was elected from [[Illinois]] and [[Benjamin Harrison]] was elected from [[Indiana]].<ref name="HEINRICHS" />

===Allegations of voter suppression===
In a 2020 study, Ohio was ranked as the 17th hardest state for citizens to vote in.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=J. Pomante II |first1=Michael |last2=Li |first2=Quan |title=Cost of Voting in the American States: 2020 |journal=Election Law Journal: Rules, Politics, and Policy |date=December 15, 2020 |volume=19 |issue=4 |pages=503–509 |doi=10.1089/elj.2020.0666 |s2cid=225139517 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Since 1994, the state has had a policy of purging infrequent voters from its rolls. In April 2016, a lawsuit was filed, challenging this policy on the grounds that it violated the [[National Voter Registration Act of 1993|National Voter Registration Act (NVRA) of 1993]]<ref name="aclu-husted" /> and the [[Help America Vote Act of 2002]].<ref name="atlantic-husted">{{cite web |last1=Ford |first1=Matt |website=The Atlantic |date=May 30, 2017 |title=Use It or Lose It? |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/05/supreme-court-ohio-voting/528573/ |access-date=May 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190629004540/https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/05/supreme-court-ohio-voting/528573/ |archive-date=June 29, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> In June, the federal district court ruled for the plaintiffs and entered a preliminary injunction applicable only to the November 2016 election. The preliminary injunction was upheld in September by the [[United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit|Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit]]. Had it not been upheld, thousands of voters<!-- ACLU says 7500 voters, the Atlantic says tens of thousands --> would have been purged from the rolls just a few weeks before the election.<ref name="aclu-husted">{{cite web |url=https://www.aclu.org/blog/voting-rights/right-decide-when-vote-husted-v-philip-randolph-institute |website=ACLU |date=September 13, 2017 |title=The Right to Decide When to Vote: Husted v. A. Philip Randolph Institute |author=Jennifer Safstrom |access-date=May 28, 2021 |archive-date=April 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428200540/https://www.aclu.org/blog/voting-rights/right-decide-when-vote-husted-v-philip-randolph-institute |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Glueck |first=Katie |date=November 9, 2022 |title=Vance Elected Senator in Ohio; Once Anti-Trump, He Benefited From His Support |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/08/us/politics/jd-vance-wins-ohio.html |access-date=January 3, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=January 2, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102214209/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/08/us/politics/jd-vance-wins-ohio.html |url-status=live }}</ref>