Editing Montevideo (section)

==Culture==
[[File:Teatro Solís, interior 04.jpg|alt=|thumb|[[Solís Theatre|Solis Theatre]] in Montevideo]]
In recent years Montevideo nightlife has moved to Parque Rodó, where a large concentration of buildings cater for the recreational interests of young people during the night time. Under a presidential decree which went into effect on 1 March 2006, [[smoking in Uruguay|smoking is prohibited]] in any public place with roofing,<ref>{{Cite act|type=Presidential Decree|index=|date=5 September 2005|article=|legislature=|title=PROHIBICIÓN DE FUMAR EN OFICINAS PÚBLICAS. DEC. Nº 268/005|trans-title=PROHIBITION OF SMOKING IN PUBLIC OFFICES.|url=http://archivo.presidencia.gub.uy/_web/decretos/2005/09/ASUNTO%20142_23%2008%202005_00001.PDF|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://archivo.presidencia.gub.uy/_web/decretos/2005/09/ASUNTO%20142_23%2008%202005_00001.PDF|archive-date=2022-10-09|url-status=live|language=Spanish}} {{Cite web |url=http://archivo.presidencia.gub.uy/_web/decretos/2005/09/ASUNTO%20142_23%2008%202005_00001.PDF |title=Archived copy |access-date=14 December 2020 |archive-date=29 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220329144353/http://archivo.presidencia.gub.uy/_web/decretos/2005/09/ASUNTO%20142_23%2008%202005_00001.PDF |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> and there is a prohibition on the sale of alcohol in certain businesses from 21.00 to 9.00.{{Failed verification|date=December 2020|reason=Not mentioned within the presidential decree prohibiting smoking though this may exist elsewhere. Exact times mentioned differ between this page and the page on Spanish Wikipedia.}}

Montevideo has been part of the [[Creative Cities Network|UNESCO Creative Cities Network]] in the area of Literature since December 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Montevideo {{!}} Creative Cities Network |url=https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/montevideo |access-date=3 October 2018 |website=en.unesco.org |language=en |archive-date=11 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190511152531/https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/montevideo |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Montevideo – Edinburgh City of Literature |language=en-GB |work=Edinburgh City of Literature |url=http://www.cityofliterature.com/cities-of-literature/cities-of-literature/montevideo/ |url-status=dead |access-date=3 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181003235355/http://www.cityofliterature.com/cities-of-literature/cities-of-literature/montevideo/ |archive-date=3 October 2018}}</ref>

=== The arts ===
Montevideo has a very rich architectural heritage and a number of writers, artists, and musicians. Uruguayan tango is a unique form of dance that originated in the neighborhoods of Montevideo towards the end of the 1800s. [[Tango music|Tango]], [[candombe]] and [[murga]] are the three main styles of music in this city. The city is also the center of the [[cinema of Uruguay]], which includes commercial, documentary and experimental films. There are two movie theater companies running seven cinemas,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Center |url=http://www.moviecenter.com.uy/home/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110923143752/http://www.moviecenter.com.uy/home/ |archive-date=23 September 2011 |access-date=16 September 2011 |publisher=Movie Center}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=MVD CMS 5.1.2 |url=http://www.grupocine.com.uy/ |access-date=16 September 2011 |publisher=Grupocine |archive-date=24 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924232719/http://www.grupocine.com.uy/ |url-status=live }}</ref> around ten independent ones<ref>{{Cite web |title=cines de montevideo cine uruguayo peliculas uruguayas |url=http://www.reservas.net/alojamiento_hoteles/montevideo_cines.htm |access-date=16 September 2011 |publisher=Reservas.net |archive-date=17 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110917203609/http://www.reservas.net/alojamiento_hoteles/montevideo_cines.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> and four art film cinemas in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cinemateca Uruguaya |url=http://www.cinemateca.org.uy/ |access-date=16 September 2011 |publisher=Cinemateca.org.uy |archive-date=25 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110925142455/http://www.cinemateca.org.uy/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The theater of Uruguay is admired inside and outside Uruguayan borders. The [[Solís Theatre]] is the most prominent theater in Uruguay and the oldest in South America.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Salgado, Susana |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lXag39roRosC&q=Solis+Theatre+oldest&pg=PA496 |title=The Teatro Solís: 150 years of opera, concert, and ballet in Montevideo |publisher=[[Wesleyan University Press]] |year=2003 |isbn=0-8195-6594-6 |access-date=22 October 2020 |archive-date=5 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005141548/https://books.google.com/books?id=lXag39roRosC&q=Solis+Theatre+oldest&pg=PA496#v=onepage&q=Solis%20Theatre%20oldest&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref> There are several notable theatrical companies and thousands of professional actors and amateurs. Montevideo playwrights produce dozens of works each year; of major note are [[Mauricio Rosencof]], {{interlanguage link|Ana Magnabosco|es}} and {{interlanguage link|Ricardo Prieto|es}}.

==== Visual arts ====
[[File:Montevideo painters.jpg|thumb|right|Painter shop in Montevideo]]
The daily newspaper ''El País'' sponsors the Virtual Museum of Contemporary Uruguayan Art. The director and curator of the Museum presents exhibitions in "virtual spaces, supplemented by information, biographies, texts in English and Spanish".<ref name="Arts">{{Cite web |title=Uruguay /Museums, Exhibition Centres |url=http://universes-in-universe.de/america/ury/mus/e-montevideo.htm |access-date=17 November 2010 |publisher=Universes in Universe |archive-date=24 August 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100824073924/http://www.universes-in-universe.de/america/ury/mus/e-montevideo.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

In the early 1970s (1973, to be particular) when the military junta took over power in Uruguay, art suffered in Montevideo. The art studios went into protest mode, with [[Rimer Cardillo]], one of the country's leading artists, making the National Institute of Fine Arts, Montevideo a "hotbed of resistance". This resulted in the military junta coming down heavily on artists by closing the Fine Art Institute and carting away all the presses and other studio equipment. Consequently, the learning of fine arts was only in private studios run by people who had been let out of jail, in works of printing and on paper and also painting and sculpture. It resumed much later.<ref name="Dorsky">{{Cite book |last=Samuel Dorsky Museum of Art |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bOno-rgMuP8C&pg=PA11 |title=Rimer Cardillo: Impressions (and Other Images of Memory) 16 October – 12 December 2004 |publisher=SUNY Press |year=2004 |isbn=1-4384-3110-4 |pages=11–13 |access-date=17 November 2010 |archive-date=5 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005141552/https://books.google.com/books?id=bOno-rgMuP8C&pg=PA11#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref>

==== Literature ====
The first public library in Montevideo was formed by the initial donation of the private library of Father José Manuel Pérez Castellano, who died in 1815. Its promoter, director and organizer was Father [[Dámaso Antonio Larrañaga]], who also made a considerable donation along with donations from José Raimundo Guerra, as well as others from the Convent of San Francisco in [[Salta]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=mec-historia |url=http://www.bibna.gub.uy/historia.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110428032254/http://www.bibna.gub.uy/historia.html |archive-date=28 April 2011 |access-date=12 December 2010 |publisher=Ministerio de Ecucacion y Cultura |language=es}}</ref> In 1816 its stock was 5,000 volumes.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Appel |first=John Wilton |date=1994 |title=Francisco José de Caldas: A Scientist at Work in Nueva Granada |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006650 |journal=Transactions of the American Philosophical Society |volume=84 |issue=5 |pages=1–154 |doi=10.2307/1006650 |jstor=1006650 |issn=0065-9746 |access-date=7 October 2022 |archive-date=7 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221007161955/https://www.jstor.org/stable/1006650 |url-status=live }}</ref> The building of the [[National Library of Uruguay]] (''Biblioteca Pública de Uruguay'') was designed by Luis Crespi in the [[Neoclassical architecture|Neoclassical]] style and occupies an area of {{convert|4000|sqm|sqft|sp=us}}. Construction began in 1926 and it was inaugurated in 1964. Its collection amounts to 900,000 volumes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biblioteca Nacional de Uruguay |url=http://www.bibna.gub.uy/situacion_actual.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091124140816/http://www.bibna.gub.uy/situacion_actual.html |archive-date=24 November 2009 |access-date=15 November 2010 |publisher=bibna.gub.uy |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=26 de mayo de 1816: fundación de la primera Biblioteca Pública |url=http://www.uruguayeduca.edu.uy/Portal.Base/Web/VerContenido.aspx?ID=202343 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110501102249/http://www.uruguayeduca.edu.uy/Portal.Base/Web/VerContenido.aspx?ID=202343 |archive-date=1 May 2011 |access-date=12 December 2010 |publisher=Uruguay Educa |language=es}}</ref>

==== Authors ====
[[File:Delmira Agustini.jpg|right|upright|thumb| The poet [[Delmira Agustini]].]]
The city has a long and rich literary tradition. Although [[Uruguayan literature]] is not limited to the authors of the capital ([[Horacio Quiroga]] was born in [[Salto, Uruguay|Salto]] and [[Mario Benedetti]] in [[Paso de los Toros]], for instance), Montevideo has been and is the center of the editorial and creative activity of literature.

In 1900, the city had a remarkable group of writers, including [[José Enrique Rodó]], [[Carlos Vaz Ferreira]], [[Julio Herrera y Reissig]], [[Delmira Agustini]] and [[Felisberto Hernández]]. Montevideo was then called the "Atenas del Plata" or the "[[Athens]] of the Rio de la Plata".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Javier Meneses Silva |title=Movimiento cultural |url=http://www.tacuy.com.uy/Servicios/Montevideo/index.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302094006/http://www.tacuy.com.uy/Servicios/Montevideo/index.htm |archive-date=2 March 2009 |access-date=16 November 2010 |publisher=Tacuy.com.uy |language=es}}</ref>
[[File:Eduardo Galeano - conferenza Vicenza 2.jpg|left|upright=0.75|thumb|The writer [[Eduardo Galeano]].]]
Among the outstanding authors of Montevideo of the second half of the 20th century are [[Juan Carlos Onetti]], [[Antonio Larreta]], [[Eduardo Galeano]], [[Marosa di Giorgio]] and [[Cristina Peri Rossi]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=El poder de la palabra |url=http://www.epdlp.com/paise.php?pais=Uruguay |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101025162441/http://www.epdlp.com/paise.php?pais=Uruguay |archive-date=25 October 2010 |access-date=16 November 2010 |publisher=epdlp.com |language=es}}</ref>

A new generation of writers has become known internationally in recent years. These include Eduardo Espina (essayist and poet), [[Fernando Butazzoni]] (novelist), {{interlanguage link|Rafael Courtoisie|es}} (poet) and [[Hugo Burel]] (short story writer and novelist).

==== Music ====
In Montevideo, as throughout the Rio de Plata region, the most popular forms of music are [[tango music|tango]], [[Milonga (music)|milonga]] and ''[[vals criollo]]''. Many notable songs originated in Montevideo including "El Tango supremo", "La Cumparsita", "La Milonga", "La Puñalada" and "[[Desde el Alma]]", composed by notable Montevideo musicians such as [[Gerardo Matos Rodríguez]], [[Pintín Castellanos]] and [[Rosita Melo]].<ref name="SC1">{{Cite web |title=Montevideo, Uruguay |url=http://www.spanishcourses.info/cities/montevideo-uruguay-41-EN.htm |access-date=18 November 2010 |publisher=Spanish courses |archive-date=28 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128172814/http://spanishcourses.info/cities/montevideo-uruguay-41-EN.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> Tango is deeply ingrained in the cultural life of the city and is the theme for many of the bars and restaurants in the city. 20th. century composers like three-time [[Grammy Awards|Grammy]] nominated [[Miguel del Águila|Miguel del Aguila]] have taken Uruguayan tango to international classical music audiences. ''Fun Fun' Bar'', established in 1935, is one of the most important places for tango in Uruguay as is ''El Farolito'', located in the old part of the city and ''Joventango'', ''Café Las Musas'', ''Garufa'' and ''Vieja Viola''.<ref name="SC1" /> The city is also home to the Montevideo Jazz Festival and has the Bancaria Jazz Club bar catering for jazz enthusiasts.

===Cuisine===

{{main|Cuisine of Montevideo}}
The center of traditional Uruguayan food and beverage in Montevideo is the Mercado del Puerto ("Port Market"). Beef is very important in Uruguayan cuisine and an essential part of many dishes. A ''[[torta frita]]'' is a pan-fried cake consumed in Montevideo and throughout Uruguay. It is generally circular, with a small cut in the center for cooking, and is made from wheat flour, yeast, water and sugar or salt.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Torta Frita Cuando Llueve |url=http://www.montevideo.gub.uy/ciudad/cultura/costumbres/torta-frita-cuando-llueve |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110426044739/http://www.montevideo.gub.uy/ciudad/cultura/costumbres/torta-frita-cuando-llueve |archive-date=26 April 2011 |access-date=21 November 2010 |publisher=Montevideo.gub.uy}}</ref> Montevideo has a variety of restaurants, from traditional [[Uruguayan cuisine]] to [[Japanese cuisine]].

=== Notable people ===
{{Further|:Category:People from Montevideo}}
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Fede Álvarez]] (Film director)
* [[Delmira Agustini]] (writer)
* [[Miguel del Aguila]] (composer)
* [[Julio Albino]] (footballer)
* [[Marcelina Almeida]] (writer)
* [[Victoria Alonsoperez]] (engineer)
* [[Odile Baron Supervielle]] (writer, journalist)
* [[Luis Batlle Berres]] (president of Uruguay)
* [[José Batlle y Ordóñez]] (president of Uruguay)
* [[Mario Benedetti]] (writer)
* [[Roy Berocay]] (journalist and author)
* [[Juan Manuel Blanes]] (artist)
* [[Baltasar Brum]] (Uruguayan statesman)
* [[Raúl Javiel Cabrera]] (painter)
* [[Graciela Cánepa]] (actress and television presenter)
* [[Rodrigo Casagrande]] (former footballer)
* [[Manuel Ceferino Oribe]] (Uruguayan politician)
* [[Gonzalo Curbelo]] (footballer)
* [[Eladio Dieste]] (civil engineer)
* [[Jorge Drexler]] (musician and actor)
* [[Esteban Echeverría]] (Argentine writer)
* [[Claudio Elías]] (footballer)
* [[Marcel Felder]] (tennis player)
* [[Julio Ferrón]] (footballer)
* [[Diego Forlán]] (footballer)
* [[Enzo Francescoli]] (footballer)
* [[Giuliana Luz Grabina]] (philosopher)
* [[José Gervasio Artigas]] (Uruguayan revolutionary)
* [[Andrea Ghidone]] (Vedette, model, dancer, actress)
* [[Felisberto Hernández]] (writer)
* [[Julio Herrera y Reissig]] (poet)
* [[Juana de Ibarbourou]] (poet)
* [[Pedro Ipuche Riva]] (classical composer)
* [[Jules Laforgue]] (French poet)
* [[Rolando Laguarda Trías]] (historian)
* [[Felipe Laurino]] (footballer)
* [[Lautréamont]], Comte de. Isidore Ducasse (French poet)
* [[Rosita Melo]] (composer, poet, writer)
* [[Martin Mendez]] (bass player for Swedish metal outfit Opeth)
* [[Ricardo Moller]] (footballer)
* [[Paolo Montero]] (footballer)
* [[Amado Nervo]] (Mexican author)
* [[Juan Carlos Onetti]] (writer)
* [[Natalia Oreiro]] (actress, singer)
* [[Álvaro Recoba]] (footballer)
* [[Nando Parrado]] (writer)
* [[Maxi Pereira]] (footballer)
* [[Cristina Peri Rossi]] (writer)
* [[Pedro Piedrabuena]] (billiard player)
* [[Olga Piria]] (painter and goldsmith)
* [[Jorge Plachot]] (former footballer)
* [[Arturo C. Porzecanski]] (Wall Street economist)
* [[Teresa Porzecanski]] (anthropologist and writer)
* [[Rubén Rada]] (Musician)
* [[Andy Ram]] (Israeli tennis player)
* [[José Enrique Rodó]] (philosopher)
* [[Rubén Rodríguez (footballer)|Rubén Rodríguez]] (footballer)
* [[Mariano Rubbo]] (Uruguayan footballer)
* [[Gabe Saporta]] (musician and entrepreneur)
* [[Carlos Savio]] (footballer)
* [[Erwin Schrott]] (operatic bass-baritone)
* [[José Serebrier]] (conductor and composer)
* [[Jules Supervielle]] (French author)
* [[Joaquín Torres-García]] (painter)
* [[Obdulio Varela]] (footballer)
* [[Tabaré Vázquez]] (president of Uruguay)
* [[Santiago Vecino]] (illustrator and artist)
* [[Helen Velando]] (author)
* [[Margarita Xirgu]] (Spanish actress)
* [[China Zorrilla]] (actress)
* [[José Luis Zorrilla de San Martín]] (sculptor)
* [[Juan Zorrilla de San Martín]] (poet)
* [[Elena Zuasti]] (stage actress)
{{div col end}}

=== Recreation ===
==== Museums ====
{{main|List of museums in Montevideo}}
[[File:Cabildo de Montevideo.jpg|thumb|left|Fountain in the entry of the Cabildo]]

The Centro Cultural de España, as well as [[Asturias|Asturian]] and cultural centers, testify to Montevideo's considerable Spanish heritage. Montevideo also has important museums including [[Museo Torres García]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Museo Torres García |url=http://www.torresgarcia.org.uy/ |access-date=16 November 2010 |publisher=torresgarcia.org.uy |language=es |archive-date=19 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100619040517/http://www.torresgarcia.org.uy/ |url-status=live }}</ref> {{interlanguage link|Museo José Gurvich|es|Museo Gurvich}}, [[Museo Nacional de Artes Visuales]] and [[Juan Manuel Blanes Museum|Museo Juan Manuel Blanes]] etc.

The [[Montevideo Cabildo]] was the [[seat of government]] during the colonial times of the [[Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata]]. It is located in front of [[Constitution Square (Montevideo)|Constitution Square]], in Ciudad Vieja.<ref name=travel/> Built between 1804 and 1869 in Neoclassical style, with a series of [[Doric columns|Doric]] and [[Ionic columns|Ionic]] columns, it became a National Heritage Site in 1975. In 1958, the Municipal Historic Museum and Archive was inaugurated here. It features three permanent [[city museum]] exhibitions, as well as temporary art exhibitions, cultural events, seminars, symposiums and forums.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2011 |title=Museo y Archivo Histórico Municipal – Cabildo &#124; Intendencia de Montevideo |url=http://www.montevideo.gub.uy/ciudad/cultura/museos-y-salas/museo-y-archivo-historico-municipal-cabildo |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111014115245/http://montevideo.gub.uy/ciudad/cultura/museos-y-salas/museo-y-archivo-historico-municipal-cabildo |archive-date=14 October 2011 |access-date=16 September 2011 |publisher=Montevideo.gub.uy}}</ref>

[[File:Palacio Taranco meeting.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Uruguayan officials conversing at a meeting at the Palacio Taranco, 6 November 2010]]
The [[Palacio Taranco]] is located in front of the [[Plaza Zabala]], in the heart of Ciudad Vieja. It was erected in the early 20th century as the residence of the Ortiz Taranco brothers on the ruins of Montevideo's first theater (of 1793), during a period in which the architectural style was influenced by French architecture. The palace was designed by French architects [[Charles Louis Girault]] and {{interlanguage link|Jules-Léon Chifflot|fr}} who also designed the [[Petit Palais]] and the [[Arc de Triomphe]] in Paris. It passed to the city from the heirs of the Tarancos in 1943, along with its precious collection of Uruguayan furniture and draperies and was deemed by the city as an ideal place for a museum; in 1972 it became the Museum of Decorative Arts of Montevideo and in 1975 it became a National Heritage Site.<ref name="Frommers">{{Cite book |last1=Shawn Blore |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kmW-7wfC1TMC&q=montevideo+hotel&pg=PA688 |title=Frommer's South America |last2=Alexandra de Vries |last3=Eliot Greenspan |last4=Haas Mroue |last5=Michael Luongo |last6=Charlie O'Malley |last7=Kristina Schreck |last8=Neil E. Schlecht |publisher=[[Frommer's]], [[John Wiley and Sons]] |year=2003 |isbn=0-471-77897-4 |edition=3 |pages=686–92 |access-date=22 October 2020 |archive-date=5 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005141506/https://books.google.com/books?id=kmW-7wfC1TMC&q=montevideo+hotel&pg=PA688 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 August 2008 |title=Uruguay Cultural » Museo de Artes Decorativas Palacio Taranco |url=http://www.portaluruguaycultural.gub.uy/2009/08/museo-de-artes-decorativas-palacio-taranco-2/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090907034325/http://www.portaluruguaycultural.gub.uy/2009/08/museo-de-artes-decorativas-palacio-taranco-2/ |archive-date=7 September 2009 |access-date=16 September 2011 |publisher=Portaluruguaycultural.gub.uy}}</ref> The Decorative Arts Museum has an important collection of European paintings and decorative arts, ancient [[Ancient Greece|Greek]] and [[Roman art]] and Islamic [[ceramic art|ceramics]] of the 10th–18th century from the area of present-day Iran.<ref name=Arts/> The palace is often used as a meeting place by the Uruguayan government.

[[File:MuseoHistoricoNacionalMontevideo.jpg|thumb|left|Museo Historico Nacional de Montevideo]]
The National History Museum of Montevideo is located in the historical residence of General [[Fructuoso Rivera]]. It exhibits artifacts related to the history of Uruguay.<ref name=travel/> In a process begun in 1998, the National Museum of Natural History (1837) and the National Museum of Anthropology (1981), merged in 2001, becoming the National Museum of Natural History and Anthropology. In July 2009, the two institutions again became independent.<ref name="MuseosNacionales">{{Cite web |title=Museos Nacionales de Historia Natural y Antropología |url=http://www.mec.gub.uy/munhina/mnhna.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101103073715/http://www.mec.gub.uy//munhina//mnhna.htm |archive-date=3 November 2010 |access-date=18 November 2010 |website=mec.gub.uy}}</ref> The Historical Museum has annexed eight historical houses in the city, five of which are located in the Ciudad Vieja. One of them, on the same block with the main building, is the historic residence of Antonio Montero, which houses the Museo Romantico.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bienvenidos al Museo Histórico Nacional – Ministerio de Educación y Cultura – Uruguay |url=http://www.mhn.gub.uy/ |access-date=16 September 2011 |publisher=Mhn.gub.uy |archive-date=20 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920202341/http://www.mhn.gub.uy/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Also nearby is the Museo Casa de José Garibaldi where [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] lived in the 1840s while participating in the [[Uruguayan Civil War]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Casa de José Garibaldi |url=https://app.mec.gub.uy/innovaportal/v/1178/8/mec/casa-de-jose-garibaldi |access-date=25 January 2022 |publisher=Mhn.gub.uy |archive-date=26 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220126041345/https://app.mec.gub.uy/innovaportal/v/1178/8/mec/casa-de-jose-garibaldi |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:Museo Torres Garcia.jpg|thumb|284x284px|Museo Torres García]]
The [[Museo Torres García]] is located in the Old Town, and exhibits [[Joaquín Torres García]]'s unusual portraits of historical icons and [[cubism|cubist]] paintings akin to those of [[Pablo Picasso|Picasso]] and [[Georges Braque|Braque]].<ref name="about">{{Cite web |title=Montevideo, Uruguay |url=http://gosouthamerica.about.com/od/urumontevideo/a/Montevideo.htm |access-date=16 November 2010 |publisher=About.com:Gosouthamerica |archive-date=26 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226080645/https://www.tripsavvy.com/montevideo-visitors-guide-1637548 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The museum was established by Manolita Piña Torres, the widow of Torres Garcia, after his death in 1949. She also set up the García Torres Foundation, a private non-profit organization that organizes the paintings, drawings, original writings, archives, objects and furniture designed by the painter as well as the photographs, magazines and publications related to him.<ref name="Torres Garcia">{{Cite web |title=El Museo Torres García |url=http://www.torresgarcia.org.uy/uc_118_1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006154451/http://www.torresgarcia.org.uy/uc_118_1.html |archive-date=6 October 2010 |access-date=17 November 2010 |publisher=Museo Torres García |language=es}}</ref>

[[File:Museo Naval Montevideo.JPG|thumb|left|[[Museo Naval de Montevideo]]]]
There are several other important art museums in Montevideo. The [[Centro de Fotografía de Montevideo]] (CdF) is a museum, archive, and gallery for historic and contemporary photography with twelve outdoor exhibition spaces in various Montevideo neighborhoods as well as four galleries in its downtown headquarters. The [[National Museum of Visual Arts (Uruguay)|National Museum of Visual Arts]] in Parque Rodó has Uruguay's largest collection of paintings.<ref name=Sights/><ref name=Arts/> The [[Juan Manuel Blanes Museum]] was founded in 1930, the 100th anniversary of the first [[Constitution of Uruguay]], significant with regard to the fact that [[Juan Manuel Blanes]] painted Uruguayan patriotic themes. In the back of the museum is a Japanese Garden with a pond where there are over a hundred [[carp]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.montevideo.gub.uy/ciudad/cultura/museos-y-salas/museo-blanes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110426044450/http://www.montevideo.gub.uy/ciudad/cultura/museos-y-salas/museo-blanes|url-status=dead|title=Juan Manuel Blanes Municipal Museum of Arts|archivedate=26 April 2011}}</ref> The Museo de Historia del Arte, located in the Palacio Municipal, features replicas of ancient monuments and exhibits a varied collection of artifacts from Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia, Greece, Rome and Native American cultures including local finds of the pre-Columbian period.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 December 2009 |title=Museo de Historia del Arte (MuHAr) &#124; Intendencia de Montevideo |url=http://www.montevideo.gub.uy/ciudad/cultura/museos-y-salas/museo-de-historia-del-arte-muhar |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111014081206/http://montevideo.gub.uy/ciudad/cultura/museos-y-salas/museo-de-historia-del-arte-muhar |archive-date=14 October 2011 |access-date=16 September 2011 |publisher=Montevideo.gub.uy}}</ref> The Museo Municipal Precolombino y Colonial, in the Ciudad Vieja, has preserved collections of the archeological finds from excavations carried out by Uruguayan archeologist Antonio Taddei. These antiquaries are exhibits of pre-Columbian art of Latin America, painting and sculpture from the 17th and 18th century mostly from Mexico, [[Peru]] and Brazil.<ref name=Arts/> The Museo de Arte Contempo has small exhibits of modern Uruguayan painting and sculpture.<ref name=Sights/>

There are also other types of museums in the city. The Museo del Gaucho y de la Moneda, located in the Centro, has distinctive displays of the historical culture of Uruguay's [[gaucho]]s, their horse gear, silver work and ''[[yerba mate|mate]]'' (tea), gourds, and ''bombillas'' (drinking straws) in odd designs.<ref name=Sights/> The Museo Naval, is located on the eastern waterfront in Buceo and offers exhibits depicting the maritime history of Uruguay.<ref name=Sights/> The Museo del Automóvil, belonging to the Automobile Club of Uruguay, has a rich collection of vintage cars which includes a 1910 [[Hupmobile]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=http://www.acu.com.uy/museo/ |access-date=12 March 2013 |publisher=Acu.com.uy |archive-date=13 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130413000317/http://www.acu.com.uy/museo/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The Museo y Parque Fernando García in Carrasco, a transport and automobile museum, includes old horse carriages and some early automobiles.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2010 |title=Museo y Parque Fernando García &#124; Intendencia de Montevideo |trans-title=Fernando García Museum and Park {{!}} Montevideo City Hall |url=http://www.montevideo.gub.uy/ciudad/cultura/museos-y-salas/museo-y-parque-fernando-garcia |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111014022322/http://montevideo.gub.uy/ciudad/cultura/museos-y-salas/museo-y-parque-fernando-garcia |archive-date=14 October 2011 |access-date=16 September 2011 |publisher=Montevideo.gub.uy}}</ref> The Castillo Pittamiglio, with an unusual façade, highlights the eccentric legacy of Humberto Pittamiglio, local alchemist and architect.<ref name=Sights/>

==== Festivals ====
[[File:Las Llamadas - Carnaval 2011 - 110203-0690-jikatu.jpg|left|thumb|228x228px|Carnival drummers.]]
[[File:La Gozadera Montevideo Llamadas Carnaval 2012 17.jpg|thumb|232x232px|Carnival dancer and drummers.]]
{{see also|Uruguayan Carnival}}
As the capital of Uruguay, Montevideo is home to a number of festivals and carnivals including a Gaucho festival when people ride through the streets on horseback in traditional gaucho gear. The major annual festival is the annual [[Uruguayan Carnival|Montevideo Carnival]] which is part of the national festival of Carnival Week, celebrated throughout Uruguay, with central activities in the capital, Montevideo. Officially, the public holiday lasts for two days on Carnival Monday and [[Shrove Tuesday]] preceding [[Ash Wednesday]], but due to the prominence of the festival, most shops and businesses close for the entire week.<ref name="Carnaval">{{Cite web |title=Montevideo Carnaval |url=http://www.carnaval.com/uruguay/ |access-date=19 November 2010 |publisher=Carnaval.com |archive-date=9 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110409180257/http://www.carnaval.com/uruguay/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
During carnival there are many open-air stage performances and competitions and the streets and houses are vibrantly decorated. "Tablados" or popular scenes, both fixed and movable, are erected in the whole city.<ref name="Carnaval" /> Notable displays include "Desfile de las Llamadas" ("Parade of the Calls"), which is a grand united parade held on the south part of downtown, where it used to be a common ritual back in the early 20th century.<ref name="Carnaval" /> Due to the scale of the festival, preparation begins as early as December with an election of the "zonal beauty queens" to appear in the carnival.<ref name="Carnaval" />

==== Sports ====
[[File:Estadio Centenario (vista aérea).jpg|thumb|262x262px|[[Estadio Centenario]]]]
[[Estadio Centenario]], the national [[association football|football]] stadium in [[Parque Batlle]], was opened in 1930 for the first [[FIFA World Cup|World Cup]], as well as to commemorate the centennial of [[Uruguay#Struggle for independence|Uruguay's first constitution]]. In this World Cup, Uruguay won the title game against Argentina by 4 goals to 2.<ref name="Burford">{{Cite book |last=Burford |first=Tim |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9eZ9-u6OqKwC&pg=PA36 |title=Uruguay |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-84162-316-0 |pages=35–36 |access-date=14 November 2015 |archive-date=5 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005141506/https://books.google.com/books?id=9eZ9-u6OqKwC&pg=PA36#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref> The stadium has 70,000 seats.<ref name="Box" /> It is listed by [[FIFA]] as one of the football world's classic stadiums, along with [[Estádio do Maracanã|Maracanã]], [[Wembley Stadium]], [[San Siro]], [[Estadio Azteca]], and [[Santiago Bernabéu Stadium]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/stadiums/stadium=34866/index.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080219224339/http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/stadiums/stadium=34866/index.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 February 2008|title=FIFA.com}}</ref> A museum located within the football stadium has exhibits of memorabilia from Uruguay's 1930 and 1950 World Cup championships. Museum tickets give access to the stadium, stands, locker rooms and playing field.<ref name=Sights/>

Between 1935 and 1938, the athletics track and the municipal [[velodrome]] were completed within Parque Batlle. The Tabaré Athletic Club is occasionally made over as a carnival theater using impermanent materials.<ref name="Remedi">{{Cite book |last=Remedi |first=Gustavo |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hr4VCx7x3mMC&pg=PA95 |title=Carnival theatre: Uruguay's popular performers and national culture |publisher=U of Minnesota Press |year=2004 |isbn=0-8166-3455-6 |page=95 |access-date=14 November 2015 |archive-date=5 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005141518/https://books.google.com/books?id=Hr4VCx7x3mMC&pg=PA95 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>Finzer, p. 103</ref>
[[File:PSG rugby seven punta.JPG|thumb|left|Rugby in Montevideo]]
Today the vast majority of teams in the [[Uruguayan Primera División|Primera División]] and [[Uruguayan Segunda División|Segunda División]] come from Montevideo, including [[Club Nacional de Football|Nacional]], [[Club Atlético Peñarol|Peñarol]], [[Central Español]], [[Club Sportivo Cerrito|Cerrito]], [[Club Atlético Cerro|Cerro]], [[Danubio Fútbol Club|Danubio]], [[Defensor Sporting Club|Defensor Sporting]], [[Centro Atlético Fénix|Atlético Fénix]], [[Liverpool Fútbol Club|Liverpool]], [[Montevideo Wanderers F.C.|Wanderers]], [[Racing Club de Montevideo|Racing]], [[Club Atlético River Plate (Uruguay)|River Plate]], [[Club Atlético Torque]], [[Boston River]] and [[Rampla Juniors Fútbol Club|Rampla Juniors]].

Besides Estadio Centenario, other stadiums include [[Estadio Gran Parque Central|Gran Parque Central]], [[Estadio Campeón del Siglo]], [[Estadio Belvedere|Belvedere]], [[Estadio Complejo Rentistas|Complejo Rentistas]], [[Estadio Jardines del Hipódromo|Jardines del Hipódromo]], [[Estadio José Pedro Damiani|José Pedro Damiani]], [[Estadio La Bombonera (Montevideo)|"La Bombonera"]], [[Estadio Luis Franzini|Luis Franzini]], [[Estadio Luis Tróccoli|Luis Tróccoli]] and the park stadiums of [[Estadio Parque Abraham Paladino|Abraham Paladino]], [[Estadio Parque Alfredo Víctor Viera|Alfredo Víctor Viera]], [[Estadio Parque Federico Omar Saroldi|Omar Saroldi]], [[Estadio Parque José Nasazzi|José Nasazzi]], [[Estadio Parque Osvaldo Roberto|Osvaldo Roberto]], [[Estadio Parque Maracaná|Maracaná]] and [[Estadio Parque Palermo|Palermo]].

The city has a tradition as host of major international basketball tournaments including the official [[1967 FIBA World Cup]] and the [[1988 Tournament of the Americas|1988]] [[1997 Tournament of the Americas|1997]] and 2017 editions of the official [[Americas Basketball Championship]].

The [[Uruguayan Basketball League]] is headquartered in Montevideo and most of its teams are from the city, including [[Defensor Sporting Club|Defensor Sporting]], [[Club Biguá|Biguá]], [[Club Atlético Aguada|Atlético Aguada]], [[Club Atlético Goes|Goes]], [[Club Malvín|Malvín]], {{interlanguage link|Unión Atlética|es|Club Unión Atlética}}, and [[Club Trouville|Trouville]]. Montevideo is also a center of [[rugby football|rugby]]; [[equestrianism]], which regained importance in Montevideo after the [[Maroñas Racecourse]] reopened; golf, with the Club de Punta Carretas; and yachting, with the [[Puerto del Buceo]], an ideal place to moor yachts. The Golf Club of Punta Carretas was founded in 1894 covers all the area encircled by the west side of Bulevar Artigas, the Rambla (Montevideo's promenade) and the Parque Rodó (Fun Fair).<ref name="HCV" />

=== Religion ===
The religion with most followers in Montevideo is Roman Catholicism and has been so since the foundation of the city. The [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Montevideo]] was created as the [[Apostolic vicariate|Apostolic Vicariate]] of Montevideo in 1830. The vicariate was promoted to the Diocese of Montevideo on 13 July 1878.<ref>{{CathEncy|wstitle=Archdiocese of Montevideo}}</ref> [[Pope Leo XIII]] elevated it to the rank of a [[Metropolitan bishop|metropolitan archdiocese]] on 14 April 1897. The new archdiocese became the [[Metropolitan bishop|Metropolitan]] of the [[Suffragan bishop|suffragan sees]] of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Canelones|Canelones]], [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Florida|Florida]], [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Maldonado–Punta del Este|Maldonado–Punta del Este]], [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Melo|Melo]], [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Mercedes|Mercedes]], [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Minas|Minas]], [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Salto|Salto]], [[Roman Catholic Diocese of San José de Mayo|San José de Mayo]], [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Tacuarembó|Tacuarembó]].

Montevideo is the only archdiocese in Uruguay and, as its [[Ordinary (officer)|Ordinary]], the archbishop is also [[Primate (bishop)|Primate]] of the [[Roman Catholicism in Uruguay|Catholic Church in Uruguay]]. The archdiocese's [[Mother Church|mother church]] and thus seat of its archbishop is [[Catedral de la Inmaculada Concepción y San Felipe y Santiago]]. Church and state are officially separated since 1916 in Uruguay. {{As of|2010}}, the Archbishop of Montevideo is [[Daniel Fernando Sturla Berhouet]], [[Salesians of Don Bosco|SDB]], since his appointment on 11 February 2014.<ref>{{Catholic-hierarchy|bishop|bstbe|Archbishop Daniel Sturla, SDB|11 February 2014}}</ref>

Other religious faiths in Montevideo are [[Protestantism]], [[Umbanda]], [[Judaism]], and there are many people who define themselves as [[Atheism|Atheists]] and [[Agnosticism|Agnostics]], while others profess "believing in God but without religion".<ref name="enha_rel">{{Cite web |title=Extended National Household Survey, 2006: Religion |url=http://www.ine.gub.uy/enha2006/flash/Flash%206_Religion.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927091848/http://www.ine.gub.uy/enha2006/flash/Flash%206_Religion.pdf |archive-date=27 September 2013 |publisher=National Institute of Statistics |language=es}}</ref>

==== Montevideo Metropolitan Cathedral ====

[[File:Catedralmontevideo.jpg|thumb|Cathedral Interior|231x231px]]
{{Main|Montevideo Metropolitan Cathedral}}
The Montevideo Metropolitan Cathedral is the main Roman Catholic church of Montevideo. It is located in Ciudad Vieja, immediately across [[Constitution Square (Montevideo)|Constitution Square]] from the [[Montevideo Cabildo|Cabildo]]. In 1740 a brick church was built on the site. In 1790, the foundation was laid for the current neoclassical structure. The church was consecrated in 1804.<ref name=travel/> Bicentennial celebrations were held in 2004.

In 1897, [[Pope Leo XIII]] elevated the church to Metropolitan Cathedral status. Important ceremonies are conducted under the direction of the Archbishop of Montevideo. Weddings and choral concerts are held here and the parish priest conducts the routine functions of the cathedral. In the 19th century, its precincts were also used as a burial place of famous people who died in the city. For decades, the prison and the nearby [[Punta Carretas|Punta Carretas parish church]] were the only major buildings in the neighborhood.

==== Nuestra Señora del Sagrado Corazón ====
[[File:2016 fachada de la Iglesia de Nuestra Señora del Sagrado Corazón de Montevido.jpg|thumb|Punta Carretas Church|279x279px]]
Nuestra Señora del Sagrado Corazón ("Our Lady of the Sacred Heart"), also known as Iglesia Punta Carretas ("Punta Carretas Church"), was built between 1917 and 1927 in the Romanesque Revival style. The church was originally part of the [[Order of Friars Minor Capuchin]], but is presently in the parish of the Ecclesiastic Curia. Its location is at the corner of Solano García and José Ellauri. It has a nave and aisles. The roof has many vaults. During the construction of the Punta Carretas Shopping complex, major cracks developed in the structure of the church as a result of differential foundation settlement.<ref name="HCV" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Iglesia de Sagrado Corazón by anaines |url=http://www.trekearth.com/gallery/South_America/Uruguay/South/Montevideo/Montevideo/photo741444.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220024623/http://www.trekearth.com/gallery/South_America/Uruguay/South/Montevideo/Montevideo/photo741444.htm |archive-date=20 February 2012 |access-date=20 November 2010 |publisher=Trekearth}}</ref>