Editing Menopause (section)

=== Etymology ===
Menopause literally means the "end of monthly cycles" (the end of [[monthly period]]s or [[menstruation]]), from the Greek word ''pausis'' ("pause") and ''mēn'' ("month"). This is a medical coinage; the Greek word for [[menses]] is actually different. In Ancient Greek, the menses were described in the plural, {{Transliteration|grc|ta emmēnia}} ("the monthlies"), and its modern descendant has been clipped to ''ta emmēna''. The Modern Greek medical term is ''emmenopausis'' in [[Katharevousa]] or ''emmenopausi'' in [[Demotic Greek]]. The Ancient Greeks did not produce medical concepts about any symptoms associated with end of menstruation and did not use a specific word to refer to this time of a woman's life. The word menopause was invented by French doctors at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Greek etymology was reconstructed at this time and it was the Parisian student doctor Charles-Pierre-Louis de Gardanne who invented a variation of the word in 1812, which was edited to its final French form in 1821.<ref>Moore ADM |2022|''The French Invention of Menopause and the Medicalisation of Women's Ageing, A History''|Oxford University Press |page 85</ref>

Some of them noted that peasant women had no complaints about the end of menses, while urban middle-class women had many troubling symptoms. Doctors at this time considered the symptoms to be the result of urban lifestyles of sedentary behaviour, alcohol consumption, too much time indoors, and over-eating, with a lack of fresh fruit and vegetables.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Moore AM |year=2018 |title=Conceptual Layers in the Invention of Menopause in Nineteenth-Century France |journal=French History |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=226–248 |doi=10.1093/fh/cry006}}</ref>

The word "menopause" was coined specifically for female humans, where the end of fertility is traditionally indicated by the permanent stopping of monthly menstruations. However, menopause exists in some other animals, many of which do not have monthly menstruation;<ref name="Walker22">{{cite journal |vauthors=Walker ML, Herndon JG |date=September 2008 |title=Menopause in nonhuman primates? |journal=Biology of Reproduction |volume=79 |issue=3 |pages=398–406 |doi=10.1095/biolreprod.108.068536 |pmc=2553520 |pmid=18495681}}</ref> in this case, the term means a natural end to fertility that occurs before the end of the natural lifespan.