Editing Medication (section)

==Drug pricing==
{{Main|Prescription costs|Pharmacoeconomics}}
In many jurisdictions, [[Prescription costs|drug prices]] are regulated.

===United Kingdom===
In the UK, the Pharmaceutical Price Regulation Scheme is intended to ensure that the [[National Health Service]] is able to purchase drugs at reasonable prices. The prices are negotiated between the Department of Health, acting with the authority of Northern Ireland and the UK Government, and the representatives of the Pharmaceutical industry brands, the [[Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry]] (ABPI). For 2017 this payment percentage set by the PPRS will be 4,75%.<ref>{{cite web|title=PPRS: payment percentage 2017 – Details|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/pprs-payment-percentage-2017|date=23 December 2016|website=GOV.UK|access-date=16 March 2017|archive-date=17 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317055827/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/pprs-payment-percentage-2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Canada===
In Canada, the Patented Medicine Prices Review Board examines drug pricing and determines if a price is excessive or not. In these circumstances, drug manufacturers must submit a proposed price to the appropriate regulatory agency. Furthermore, "the International Therapeutic Class Comparison Test is responsible for comparing the National Average Transaction Price of the patented drug product under review"<ref name=price-comparison>{{cite web|title=Schedule 7 – International Therapeutic Class Comparison Test|url=http://www.pmprb-cepmb.gc.ca/view.asp?ccid=492&lang=en|date=30 April 2014|access-date=16 March 2017|archive-date=17 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180417225251/http://www.pmprb-cepmb.gc.ca/view.asp?ccid=492&lang=en|url-status=live}}</ref> different countries that the prices are being compared to are the following: France, Germany, Italy, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States<ref name=price-comparison />

===Brazil===
In Brazil, the prices are regulated through legislation under the name of ''Medicamento Genérico'' ([[generic drug]]s) since 1999.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Fonseca|first1=Massard da|last2=Shadlen|first2=Kenneth C.|date=20 April 2017|title=Promoting and regulating generic medicines: Brazil in comparative perspective|journal=Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública|volume=41 (e5)|pages=2|pmid=28444005|pmc=6612747}}</ref>

=== India ===
In India, drug prices are regulated by the [[National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority]].

===United States===
{{main|Prescription drug prices in the United States}}
In the United States, drug costs are partially unregulated, but instead are the result of negotiations between drug companies and insurance companies.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Social welfare policy for a sustainable future : the U.S. in global context|first1=Katherine S.|last1=van Wormer |last2=Link |first2=Rosemary J.|isbn=978-1-4522-4031-2|location=Los Angeles|oclc=899880624|date = 18 March 2015 |publisher=SAGE}}</ref>

High prices have been attributed to monopolies given to manufacturers by the government.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Kesselheim|first1=Aaron S.|last2=Avorn|first2=Jerry|last3=Sarpatwari|first3=Ameet|title=The High Cost of Prescription Drugs in the United States|journal=JAMA|date=23 August 2016|volume=316|issue=8|pages=858–71|doi=10.1001/jama.2016.11237|pmid=27552619|s2cid=19317308}}</ref> New drug development costs continue to rise as well. Despite the enormous advances in science and technology, the number of new blockbuster drugs approved by the government per billion dollars spent has halved every 9 years since 1950.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Scannell|first1=Jack W.|last2=Blanckley|first2=Alex|last3=Boldon|first3=Helen|last4=Warrington |first4=Brian|date=1 March 2012 |title=Diagnosing the decline in pharmaceutical R&D efficiency|journal=Nature Reviews Drug Discovery|language=En|volume=11 |issue=3|pages=191–200|doi=10.1038/nrd3681|pmid=22378269|s2cid=3344476|issn=1474-1776}}</ref>